- Title
- Liver fluke vaccines in ruminants : Strategies, progress and future opportunities
- Creator
- Toet, Hayley; Piedrafita, David; Spithill, Terry
- Date
- 2014
- Type
- Text; Journal article; Review
- Identifier
- http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/155218
- Identifier
- vital:11304
- Identifier
-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2014.07.011
- Identifier
- ISSN:0020-7519
- Abstract
- The development of a vaccine for Fasciola spp. in livestock is a challenge and would be advanced by harnessing our knowledge of acquired immune mechanisms expressed by resistant livestock against fluke infection. Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity directed to the surface tegument of juvenile/immature flukes is a host immune effector mechanism, suggesting that antigens on the surface of young flukes may represent prime candidates for a fluke vaccine. A Type 1 immune response shortly after fluke infection is associated with resistance to infection in resistant sheep, indicating that vaccine formulations should attempt to induce Type 1 responses to enhance vaccine efficacy. In cattle or sheep, an optimal fluke vaccine would need to reduce mean fluke burdens in a herd below the threshold of 30-54 flukes to ensure sustainable production benefits. Fluke infection intensity data suggest that vaccine efficacy of approximately 80% is required to reduce fluke burdens below this threshold in most countries. With the increased global prevalence of triclabendazole-resistant Fasciola hepatica, it may be commercially feasible in the short term to introduce a fluke vaccine of reasonable efficacy that will provide economic benefits for producers in regions where chemical control of new drug-resistant fluke infections is not viable. Commercial partnerships will be needed to fast-track new candidate vaccines using acceptable adjuvants in relevant production animals, obviating the need to evaluate vaccine antigens in rodent models. © 2014 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc.
- Publisher
- Elsevier Ltd
- Relation
- International Journal for Parasitology Vol. 44, no. 12 (2014), p. 915-927
- Rights
- Copyright © 2014 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc.
- Rights
- This metadata is freely available under a CCO license
- Subject
- 0605 Microbiology; 0608 Zoology; 0707 Veterinary Sciences; Acquired immunity; Fasciola gigantica; Fasciola hepatica; Liver fluke; Tegument proteins; Vaccine
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