Characterizing Australia's east coast cyclones (1950–2019)
- Gray, Jessie, Verdon-Kidd, Danielle, Jaffrés, Jasmine, Hewson, Michael, Clarke, John, Sharma, Krishneel, English, Nathan
- Authors: Gray, Jessie , Verdon-Kidd, Danielle , Jaffrés, Jasmine , Hewson, Michael , Clarke, John , Sharma, Krishneel , English, Nathan
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Climatology Vol. 43, no. 7 (2023), p. 3324-3352
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: East coast cyclones (ECCs) provide an essential reprieve from dry periods across eastern Australia. They also deliver flood-producing rains with significant economic, social and environmental impacts. Assessing and comparing the influence of different types of cyclones is hindered by an incomplete understanding of ECC typology, given their widely variable spatial and temporal characteristics. This study employs a track-clustering method (probabilistic, curve-aligned regression model) to identify key cyclonic pathways for ECCs from 1950 to 2019. Six spatially independent clusters were successfully distinguished and further sub-classified (coastal, continental and tropical) based on their genesis location. The seasonality and long-term variability, intensity (maximum Laplacian value ± 2 days) and event-based rainfall were then evaluated for each cluster to quantify the impact of these lows on Australia. The highest quantity of land-based rainfall per event is associated with the tropical cluster (Cluster 6), whereas widespread rainfall was also found to occur in the two continental clusters (clusters 4 and 5). Cyclone tracks orientated close to the coast (clusters 1, 2 and 3) were determined to be the least impactful in terms of rainfall and intensity, despite being the most common cyclone type. In terms of interannual variability, sea surface temperature anomalies suggest an increased cyclone frequency for clusters 1 (austral winter) and 4 (austral spring) during a central Pacific El Niño. Furthermore, cyclone incidence during IOD-negative conditions was more pronounced in winter for clusters 1, 2, 3— and clusters 4 and 5 in spring. All cyclones also predominantly occurred in SAM-positive conditions. However, winter ECCs for clusters 1 and 3 had a higher frequency in SAM-negative. This new typology of ECCs via spatial clustering provides crucial insights into the systems that produce extreme rainfall across eastern Australia and should be used to inform future hazard management of cyclone events. © 2023 The Authors. International Journal of Climatology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Royal Meteorological Society.
- Authors: Gray, Jessie , Verdon-Kidd, Danielle , Jaffrés, Jasmine , Hewson, Michael , Clarke, John , Sharma, Krishneel , English, Nathan
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Climatology Vol. 43, no. 7 (2023), p. 3324-3352
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: East coast cyclones (ECCs) provide an essential reprieve from dry periods across eastern Australia. They also deliver flood-producing rains with significant economic, social and environmental impacts. Assessing and comparing the influence of different types of cyclones is hindered by an incomplete understanding of ECC typology, given their widely variable spatial and temporal characteristics. This study employs a track-clustering method (probabilistic, curve-aligned regression model) to identify key cyclonic pathways for ECCs from 1950 to 2019. Six spatially independent clusters were successfully distinguished and further sub-classified (coastal, continental and tropical) based on their genesis location. The seasonality and long-term variability, intensity (maximum Laplacian value ± 2 days) and event-based rainfall were then evaluated for each cluster to quantify the impact of these lows on Australia. The highest quantity of land-based rainfall per event is associated with the tropical cluster (Cluster 6), whereas widespread rainfall was also found to occur in the two continental clusters (clusters 4 and 5). Cyclone tracks orientated close to the coast (clusters 1, 2 and 3) were determined to be the least impactful in terms of rainfall and intensity, despite being the most common cyclone type. In terms of interannual variability, sea surface temperature anomalies suggest an increased cyclone frequency for clusters 1 (austral winter) and 4 (austral spring) during a central Pacific El Niño. Furthermore, cyclone incidence during IOD-negative conditions was more pronounced in winter for clusters 1, 2, 3— and clusters 4 and 5 in spring. All cyclones also predominantly occurred in SAM-positive conditions. However, winter ECCs for clusters 1 and 3 had a higher frequency in SAM-negative. This new typology of ECCs via spatial clustering provides crucial insights into the systems that produce extreme rainfall across eastern Australia and should be used to inform future hazard management of cyclone events. © 2023 The Authors. International Journal of Climatology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Royal Meteorological Society.
Chinese students’ decisions to study in Australia after the COVID pandemic-based on the PESTLE factor analysis
- Paynter, Merryn, Sharpe, Wen, Halabi, Abdel, Reimers, Vaughan, Ma, Hongming, Johnstone, Carolyn
- Authors: Paynter, Merryn , Sharpe, Wen , Halabi, Abdel , Reimers, Vaughan , Ma, Hongming , Johnstone, Carolyn
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol. 96, no. (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of the PESTLE (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, and Environmental) framework on the motivations of Chinese students to pursue a higher education degree at Australian universities following the COVID-19 pandemic. We conduct a survey with a unique sample of 446 Chinese undergraduate students who are looking to study a postgraduate degree abroad. Seldom used in an educational setting, our empirical findings show a positive effect of PESTLE, particularly the economic factor, on students’ choice to study abroad, which is contrary to the null hypothesis. This study has broader implications for university administrators as it suggests that the PESTLE model can be a useful tool in analyzing education choices at a time of uncertainty. © 2023 The Authors
- Authors: Paynter, Merryn , Sharpe, Wen , Halabi, Abdel , Reimers, Vaughan , Ma, Hongming , Johnstone, Carolyn
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol. 96, no. (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of the PESTLE (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, and Environmental) framework on the motivations of Chinese students to pursue a higher education degree at Australian universities following the COVID-19 pandemic. We conduct a survey with a unique sample of 446 Chinese undergraduate students who are looking to study a postgraduate degree abroad. Seldom used in an educational setting, our empirical findings show a positive effect of PESTLE, particularly the economic factor, on students’ choice to study abroad, which is contrary to the null hypothesis. This study has broader implications for university administrators as it suggests that the PESTLE model can be a useful tool in analyzing education choices at a time of uncertainty. © 2023 The Authors
Evaluation of rural general practice experiences for pre-vocational medical graduates
- McGrail, Matthew, Chhabra, Jasleen, Hays, Richard
- Authors: McGrail, Matthew , Chhabra, Jasleen , Hays, Richard
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Rural and Remote Health Vol. 23, no. 1 (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Introduction: Despite substantial investment in rural workforce support, sustaining the necessary recruitment and retention of general practitioners (GPs) in rural areas remains a challenge. Insufficient medical graduates are choosing a general/rural practice career. Medical training at postgraduate level, particularly for those ‘between’ undergraduate medical education and specialty training, remains strongly reliant on hospital experience in larger hospitals, potentially diverting interest away from general/rural practice. The Rural Junior Doctor Training Innovation Fund (RJDTIF) program offered junior hospital doctors (interns) an experience of 10 weeks in a rural general practice, aiming to increase their consideration of general/rural practice careers This study aimed to evaluate the educational and potential workforce impact of the RJDTIF program. Methods: Up to 110 places were established during 2019–2020 for Queensland’s interns to undertake an 8–12-week rotation (depending on individual hospital rosters) out of regional hospitals to work in a rural general practice. Participants were surveyed before and after the placement, although only 86 were invited due to the disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive quantitative statistics were applied to the survey data. Four semistructured interviews were conducted to further explore the experiences post-placement, with audio-recordings transcribed verbatim. Semi-structured interview data were analysed using inductive, reflexive thematic analysis. Results: In total, 60 interns completed either survey, although only 25 were matched as completing both surveys. About half (48%) indicated they had preferenced the rural GP term and 48% indicated strong enthusiasm for the experience. General practice was indicated as the most likely career option for 50%, other general specialty 28% and subspecialty 22%. Likelihood to be working in a regional/rural location in 10 years was indicated as ‘likely’ or ‘very likely’ for 40%, ‘unlikely’ for 24% and ‘unsure’ for 36%. The two most common reasons for preferencing a rural GP term were experiencing training in a primary care setting (50%) and gaining more clinical skills through increased patient exposure (22%). The overall impact on pursuing a primary care career was self-assessed as much more likely by 41%, but much less by 15%. Interest in a rural location was less influenced. Those rating the term poor or average had low pre-placement enthusiasm for the term. The qualitative analysis of interview data produced two themes: importance of the rural GP term for interns (hands-on learning, skills improvement, influence on future career choice and engagement with the local community), and potential improvements to rural intern GP rotations. Conclusion: Most participants reported a positive experience from their rural GP rotation, which was recognised as a sound learning experience at an important time with respect to choosing a specialty. Despite the challenges posed by the pandemic, this evidence supports the investment in programs that provide opportunities for junior doctors to experience rural general practice in these formative postgraduate years to stimulate interest in this much-needed career pathway. Focusing resources on those who have at least some interest and enthusiasm may improve its workforce impact © 2023, Rural and Remote Health.All Rights Reserved.
- Authors: McGrail, Matthew , Chhabra, Jasleen , Hays, Richard
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Rural and Remote Health Vol. 23, no. 1 (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Introduction: Despite substantial investment in rural workforce support, sustaining the necessary recruitment and retention of general practitioners (GPs) in rural areas remains a challenge. Insufficient medical graduates are choosing a general/rural practice career. Medical training at postgraduate level, particularly for those ‘between’ undergraduate medical education and specialty training, remains strongly reliant on hospital experience in larger hospitals, potentially diverting interest away from general/rural practice. The Rural Junior Doctor Training Innovation Fund (RJDTIF) program offered junior hospital doctors (interns) an experience of 10 weeks in a rural general practice, aiming to increase their consideration of general/rural practice careers This study aimed to evaluate the educational and potential workforce impact of the RJDTIF program. Methods: Up to 110 places were established during 2019–2020 for Queensland’s interns to undertake an 8–12-week rotation (depending on individual hospital rosters) out of regional hospitals to work in a rural general practice. Participants were surveyed before and after the placement, although only 86 were invited due to the disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive quantitative statistics were applied to the survey data. Four semistructured interviews were conducted to further explore the experiences post-placement, with audio-recordings transcribed verbatim. Semi-structured interview data were analysed using inductive, reflexive thematic analysis. Results: In total, 60 interns completed either survey, although only 25 were matched as completing both surveys. About half (48%) indicated they had preferenced the rural GP term and 48% indicated strong enthusiasm for the experience. General practice was indicated as the most likely career option for 50%, other general specialty 28% and subspecialty 22%. Likelihood to be working in a regional/rural location in 10 years was indicated as ‘likely’ or ‘very likely’ for 40%, ‘unlikely’ for 24% and ‘unsure’ for 36%. The two most common reasons for preferencing a rural GP term were experiencing training in a primary care setting (50%) and gaining more clinical skills through increased patient exposure (22%). The overall impact on pursuing a primary care career was self-assessed as much more likely by 41%, but much less by 15%. Interest in a rural location was less influenced. Those rating the term poor or average had low pre-placement enthusiasm for the term. The qualitative analysis of interview data produced two themes: importance of the rural GP term for interns (hands-on learning, skills improvement, influence on future career choice and engagement with the local community), and potential improvements to rural intern GP rotations. Conclusion: Most participants reported a positive experience from their rural GP rotation, which was recognised as a sound learning experience at an important time with respect to choosing a specialty. Despite the challenges posed by the pandemic, this evidence supports the investment in programs that provide opportunities for junior doctors to experience rural general practice in these formative postgraduate years to stimulate interest in this much-needed career pathway. Focusing resources on those who have at least some interest and enthusiasm may improve its workforce impact © 2023, Rural and Remote Health.All Rights Reserved.
Pairwise approach for analysis and reporting of child's free sugars intake from a birth cohort study
- Nguyen, Huy, Ha, Diep, Dao, An, Golley, Rebecca, Scott, Jane, Spencer, John, Bell, Lucinda, Devenish-Coleman, Gemma, Do, Loc
- Authors: Nguyen, Huy , Ha, Diep , Dao, An , Golley, Rebecca , Scott, Jane , Spencer, John , Bell, Lucinda , Devenish-Coleman, Gemma , Do, Loc
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology Vol. 51, no. 5 (2023), p. 820-828
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objectives: The prospective cohort design is an important research design, but a common challenge is missing data. The purpose of this study is to compare three approaches to managing missing data, the pairwise (n = 1386 children), the partial or modified pairwise (n = 1019) and the listwise (n = 546), to characterize the trajectories of children's free sugars intake (FSI) across early childhood. Methods: By applying the Group-based Trajectory Model Technique to three waves of data collected from a prospective cohort study of South Australian children, this study examined the three approaches in managing missing data to validate and discuss children's FSI trajectories. Results: Each approach identified three distinct trajectories of child's FSI from 1 to 5 years of age: (1) ‘low and fast increasing’, (2) ‘moderate and increasing’ and (3) ‘high and increasing’. The trajectory memberships were consistent across the three approaches, and were for the pairwise scenario (1) 15.1%, (2) 68.3% and (3) 16.6%; the partial or modified pairwise (1) 15.9%, (2) 64.1% and (3) 20.0%; and the listwise (1) 14.9%, (2) 64.9% and (3) 20.2% of children. Conclusions: Given the comparability of the findings across the analytical approaches and the samples' characteristics between baseline and across different data collection waves, it is recommended that the pairwise approach be used in future analyses to optimize the sample size and statistical power when examining the relationship between FSI in the first years of life and health outcome such as dental caries. © 2022 The Authors. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Pairwise approach for analysis and reporting of child's free sugars intake from a birth cohort study
- Authors: Nguyen, Huy , Ha, Diep , Dao, An , Golley, Rebecca , Scott, Jane , Spencer, John , Bell, Lucinda , Devenish-Coleman, Gemma , Do, Loc
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology Vol. 51, no. 5 (2023), p. 820-828
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objectives: The prospective cohort design is an important research design, but a common challenge is missing data. The purpose of this study is to compare three approaches to managing missing data, the pairwise (n = 1386 children), the partial or modified pairwise (n = 1019) and the listwise (n = 546), to characterize the trajectories of children's free sugars intake (FSI) across early childhood. Methods: By applying the Group-based Trajectory Model Technique to three waves of data collected from a prospective cohort study of South Australian children, this study examined the three approaches in managing missing data to validate and discuss children's FSI trajectories. Results: Each approach identified three distinct trajectories of child's FSI from 1 to 5 years of age: (1) ‘low and fast increasing’, (2) ‘moderate and increasing’ and (3) ‘high and increasing’. The trajectory memberships were consistent across the three approaches, and were for the pairwise scenario (1) 15.1%, (2) 68.3% and (3) 16.6%; the partial or modified pairwise (1) 15.9%, (2) 64.1% and (3) 20.0%; and the listwise (1) 14.9%, (2) 64.9% and (3) 20.2% of children. Conclusions: Given the comparability of the findings across the analytical approaches and the samples' characteristics between baseline and across different data collection waves, it is recommended that the pairwise approach be used in future analyses to optimize the sample size and statistical power when examining the relationship between FSI in the first years of life and health outcome such as dental caries. © 2022 The Authors. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Potential contributions of the soil seed bank and seed rain for accelerating the restoration of riparian catchments in Australia
- Florentine, Singarayer, Milberg, Per, Westbrooke, Martin
- Authors: Florentine, Singarayer , Milberg, Per , Westbrooke, Martin
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Global Ecology and Conservation Vol. 47, no. (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The quality and quantity of soil seed bank composition can play a key role in secondary succession restoration efforts such as those involved in this study, which concerned the restoration of damaged native sites in riparian environments in Victoria, Australia. The objective of this study of the restoration work was to determine the role played by naturally existing soil seed bank in the success of natural restoration in these restored and unmanaged riparian areas. In this regard, we sampled the soil seed bank, seed rain, seedlings in the field and vegetation cover from three sub catchments defined by restoration attempts which had been conducted (i) < 3 years, (ii) 4–8 years, and (iii) > 9 years previous to sampling. In addition, (iv) in order to provide comparative data, adjacent sites (iv) chosen for future restoration and (v) with remnant vegetation, were also sampled. From samples, a total of 8858 seedlings were recorded from the seed bank and the vegetation survey showed 170 species, with exotic species being more numerous than native. The seed rain (a total of 1422 seeds) was dominated by exotic species at all sites. When comparing the vegetation distribution and the seed rain composition, it was clear that whilst the seed bank was more promising as a comparative recruitment source of native species, there were still too many sites dominated by exotic species to rely on this as a long-term restoration strategy. However, this study indicated that there were significant variations in restoration potential among the sites, suggesting that some careful prior site selection for investment of restoration efforts is an important issue. As a consequence, we have recommended that a detailed understanding of the soil seed bank and seed rain species composition prior to the restoration is essential, since a positive seed bank composition with a significant relative density of native species seeds, will provide an indication of native species’ resilience and their potential for recovery. We therefore believe that the findings of this study will provide valuable information to natural resource management agencies regarding the strategy for prioritisation of restoration sites, which will be more beneficial than randomly selecting sites for habitat restoration. In addition, with successful sector restoration, it is expected that the increasing usefulness of the seed bank will allow further restoration of adjacent areas with time. © 2023 The Authors
- Authors: Florentine, Singarayer , Milberg, Per , Westbrooke, Martin
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Global Ecology and Conservation Vol. 47, no. (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The quality and quantity of soil seed bank composition can play a key role in secondary succession restoration efforts such as those involved in this study, which concerned the restoration of damaged native sites in riparian environments in Victoria, Australia. The objective of this study of the restoration work was to determine the role played by naturally existing soil seed bank in the success of natural restoration in these restored and unmanaged riparian areas. In this regard, we sampled the soil seed bank, seed rain, seedlings in the field and vegetation cover from three sub catchments defined by restoration attempts which had been conducted (i) < 3 years, (ii) 4–8 years, and (iii) > 9 years previous to sampling. In addition, (iv) in order to provide comparative data, adjacent sites (iv) chosen for future restoration and (v) with remnant vegetation, were also sampled. From samples, a total of 8858 seedlings were recorded from the seed bank and the vegetation survey showed 170 species, with exotic species being more numerous than native. The seed rain (a total of 1422 seeds) was dominated by exotic species at all sites. When comparing the vegetation distribution and the seed rain composition, it was clear that whilst the seed bank was more promising as a comparative recruitment source of native species, there were still too many sites dominated by exotic species to rely on this as a long-term restoration strategy. However, this study indicated that there were significant variations in restoration potential among the sites, suggesting that some careful prior site selection for investment of restoration efforts is an important issue. As a consequence, we have recommended that a detailed understanding of the soil seed bank and seed rain species composition prior to the restoration is essential, since a positive seed bank composition with a significant relative density of native species seeds, will provide an indication of native species’ resilience and their potential for recovery. We therefore believe that the findings of this study will provide valuable information to natural resource management agencies regarding the strategy for prioritisation of restoration sites, which will be more beneficial than randomly selecting sites for habitat restoration. In addition, with successful sector restoration, it is expected that the increasing usefulness of the seed bank will allow further restoration of adjacent areas with time. © 2023 The Authors
The experience of women from rural Australia with a preterm infant in a neonatal intensive care unit
- Laidlaw, Kerrie, Prichard, Ivanka, Sweet, Linda
- Authors: Laidlaw, Kerrie , Prichard, Ivanka , Sweet, Linda
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Rural and Remote Health Vol. 23, no. 1 (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Introduction: This study aimed to understand the experiences of women from rural areas who have had a preterm infant admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit. The study population comprised five women aged 29–36 years who birthed a premature infant of less than 32 weeks gestation within the previous 6 months at the time of recruitment. The setting was in rural areas of Australia, in the states of Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland and Western Australia. Methods: Semi-structured interviews using video-conferencing explored the experiences of the women and were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Four key themes were identified from the data: emotional trauma, social displacement, external coping resources and craving continuity of care. Social displacement further impacted the emotional trauma already experienced by women who birthed a preterm infant by temporarily relocating to the city to be near to their infant in the neonatal intensive care unit. This led to the utilisation of additional socioeconomic resources including support from extended family and rural community members. The women highly valued yet struggled to find appropriate peer support and continuity of health care for their infant within their rural community after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit. Conclusion: Health professionals have an opportunity to explore ways to address social displacement, particularly in relation to socioeconomic support and the involvement of extended family into a family integrated care framework within the neonatal intensive care unit. The long-term effects of this on the mother– infant dyad and the lack of appropriate community support also require further examination © 2023, Rural and Remote Health.All Rights Reserved.
The experience of women from rural Australia with a preterm infant in a neonatal intensive care unit
- Authors: Laidlaw, Kerrie , Prichard, Ivanka , Sweet, Linda
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Rural and Remote Health Vol. 23, no. 1 (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Introduction: This study aimed to understand the experiences of women from rural areas who have had a preterm infant admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit. The study population comprised five women aged 29–36 years who birthed a premature infant of less than 32 weeks gestation within the previous 6 months at the time of recruitment. The setting was in rural areas of Australia, in the states of Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland and Western Australia. Methods: Semi-structured interviews using video-conferencing explored the experiences of the women and were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Four key themes were identified from the data: emotional trauma, social displacement, external coping resources and craving continuity of care. Social displacement further impacted the emotional trauma already experienced by women who birthed a preterm infant by temporarily relocating to the city to be near to their infant in the neonatal intensive care unit. This led to the utilisation of additional socioeconomic resources including support from extended family and rural community members. The women highly valued yet struggled to find appropriate peer support and continuity of health care for their infant within their rural community after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit. Conclusion: Health professionals have an opportunity to explore ways to address social displacement, particularly in relation to socioeconomic support and the involvement of extended family into a family integrated care framework within the neonatal intensive care unit. The long-term effects of this on the mother– infant dyad and the lack of appropriate community support also require further examination © 2023, Rural and Remote Health.All Rights Reserved.
The quality of older adults’ involvement in clinical communication with general practitioners : evidence from rural towns in Australia
- Hamiduzzaman, Mohammad, Siddiquee, Noore, Gaffney, Harry, Aziz Rahman, Muhammad, Greenhill, Jennene
- Authors: Hamiduzzaman, Mohammad , Siddiquee, Noore , Gaffney, Harry , Aziz Rahman, Muhammad , Greenhill, Jennene
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Global Health Journal Vol. 7, no. 4 (2023), p. 186-193
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objective: A study was conducted about the putative links of older rural Australians’ health knowledge and preparation with their quality of involvement in patient-general practitioner (GP) communication during health intake visits. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study between January 2021 and April 2022. The 32-item quality of involvement in communication scale was designed and incorporated into the SurveyGizmo software. This online survey was administered by sending an email request to the Renmark Rotary Club, which actively promoted this study across five rural towns in South Australia. 121 participants completed the surveys. Mean-sum scores were calculated based on the questionnaire responses to evaluate outcomes, specifically initiation of information, active participation, and emotional expression. We employed different methods including t-tests, ANOVA, and leaner regressions to analyse data. Results: The demographic profile of participants characterised by a female predominance (58.7%, 71/121), a majority falling within the 65‒< 70 age bracket (47.1%, 57/121), and a high level of educational attainment (58.7% had completed high school or higher, 71/121). Additionally, 35% of the participants predominantly spoke a language other than English at home. Regarding the initiation of information with GPs, the mean sum-score was (20.5 ± 3.7), indicating a marginally above-average level of engagement. Contrarily, the active participation was suboptimal, as suggested by a mean sum score of (35.9 ± 6.3). Furthermore, the emotional expression was relatively low, with a mean score of (13.9 ± 1.8). Substantial variations were discerned in the quality of patient-GP communication, contingent upon factors such as educational background, language spoken at home, health literacy, and preparatory measures for clinical visits. Participants who predominantly spoke a language other than English at home demonstrated significantly lower levels of information initiation with their GPs (P < 0.001). Higher educational attainment was positively correlated with increased active participation (P < 0.001). Enhanced health literacy and thorough visit preparation were significantly associated with increased levels of active participation (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Meaningful engagement through recognition, empowerment, and support (health literacy programs) for older rural adults is suggested for improving their quality of involvement in communication with GPs. © 2023
- Authors: Hamiduzzaman, Mohammad , Siddiquee, Noore , Gaffney, Harry , Aziz Rahman, Muhammad , Greenhill, Jennene
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Global Health Journal Vol. 7, no. 4 (2023), p. 186-193
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objective: A study was conducted about the putative links of older rural Australians’ health knowledge and preparation with their quality of involvement in patient-general practitioner (GP) communication during health intake visits. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study between January 2021 and April 2022. The 32-item quality of involvement in communication scale was designed and incorporated into the SurveyGizmo software. This online survey was administered by sending an email request to the Renmark Rotary Club, which actively promoted this study across five rural towns in South Australia. 121 participants completed the surveys. Mean-sum scores were calculated based on the questionnaire responses to evaluate outcomes, specifically initiation of information, active participation, and emotional expression. We employed different methods including t-tests, ANOVA, and leaner regressions to analyse data. Results: The demographic profile of participants characterised by a female predominance (58.7%, 71/121), a majority falling within the 65‒< 70 age bracket (47.1%, 57/121), and a high level of educational attainment (58.7% had completed high school or higher, 71/121). Additionally, 35% of the participants predominantly spoke a language other than English at home. Regarding the initiation of information with GPs, the mean sum-score was (20.5 ± 3.7), indicating a marginally above-average level of engagement. Contrarily, the active participation was suboptimal, as suggested by a mean sum score of (35.9 ± 6.3). Furthermore, the emotional expression was relatively low, with a mean score of (13.9 ± 1.8). Substantial variations were discerned in the quality of patient-GP communication, contingent upon factors such as educational background, language spoken at home, health literacy, and preparatory measures for clinical visits. Participants who predominantly spoke a language other than English at home demonstrated significantly lower levels of information initiation with their GPs (P < 0.001). Higher educational attainment was positively correlated with increased active participation (P < 0.001). Enhanced health literacy and thorough visit preparation were significantly associated with increased levels of active participation (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Meaningful engagement through recognition, empowerment, and support (health literacy programs) for older rural adults is suggested for improving their quality of involvement in communication with GPs. © 2023
Understanding experiences of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients at the emergency departments in Australia
- Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Huda, Md Nazmul, Somerville, Emma, Penny, Lauren, Dashwood, Ryan, Bloxsome, Sharon, Warrior, Keith, Pratt, Katie, Lankin, Margaret, Kenny, Kevin, Arabena, Kerry
- Authors: Rahman, Muhammad Aziz , Huda, Md Nazmul , Somerville, Emma , Penny, Lauren , Dashwood, Ryan , Bloxsome, Sharon , Warrior, Keith , Pratt, Katie , Lankin, Margaret , Kenny, Kevin , Arabena, Kerry
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: EMA - Emergency Medicine Australasia Vol. 35, no. 4 (2023), p. 595-599
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objectives: The present study describes the experiences of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients and the factors that shaped their experiences of ED visits in regional settings. Methods: This is a qualitative descriptive study. We conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients who used the ED services at three hospitals in New South Wales, Northern Territory and South Australia. We coded the collected data and analysed them using a thematic analysis technique. Results: A total of 33 Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients participated. Analyses of their experiences revealed four themes, which included: (i) patients' waiting times in ED; (ii) cultural determinants of health; (iii) treatment services; and (iv) safety, security and privacy. Conclusions: A holistic approach and a robust hospital commitment to address cultural needs while considering overall health, social and emotional wellbeing, will enhance Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients' satisfaction for ED visits. © 2023 The Authors. Emergency Medicine Australasia published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australasian College for Emergency Medicine.
- Authors: Rahman, Muhammad Aziz , Huda, Md Nazmul , Somerville, Emma , Penny, Lauren , Dashwood, Ryan , Bloxsome, Sharon , Warrior, Keith , Pratt, Katie , Lankin, Margaret , Kenny, Kevin , Arabena, Kerry
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: EMA - Emergency Medicine Australasia Vol. 35, no. 4 (2023), p. 595-599
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objectives: The present study describes the experiences of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients and the factors that shaped their experiences of ED visits in regional settings. Methods: This is a qualitative descriptive study. We conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients who used the ED services at three hospitals in New South Wales, Northern Territory and South Australia. We coded the collected data and analysed them using a thematic analysis technique. Results: A total of 33 Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients participated. Analyses of their experiences revealed four themes, which included: (i) patients' waiting times in ED; (ii) cultural determinants of health; (iii) treatment services; and (iv) safety, security and privacy. Conclusions: A holistic approach and a robust hospital commitment to address cultural needs while considering overall health, social and emotional wellbeing, will enhance Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients' satisfaction for ED visits. © 2023 The Authors. Emergency Medicine Australasia published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australasian College for Emergency Medicine.
Understanding the translingual practices among international students in multilingual cities
- Yin, Yijun, Chik, Alice, Falloon, Garry
- Authors: Yin, Yijun , Chik, Alice , Falloon, Garry
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian review of applied linguistics Vol. 46, no. 1 (2023), p. 54-75
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The impact of global mobility and technology innovations on urban linguistic diversity poses a key challenge to understand how and to what extent international students are immersed in the target language. Such diversity of languages and modes of communication has pointed to a fundamental transformation in the way that international students interact with both online and offline resources. The translingual practices of Chinese international students presented in this study suggest that, instead of being a language learner in an English-dominant country, these students make use of but go beyond their full repertoires to conduct various online and offline activities when living in a translanguaging space. An evaluation of both online and offline practices demonstrates how their online translingual practices were merged into offline contexts, to create opportunities for learning and social engagement. Understanding international students’ experience with both online and offline resources provides useful insights into the translingual practices and processes adopted by them when living and studying in a multilingual city.
- Authors: Yin, Yijun , Chik, Alice , Falloon, Garry
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian review of applied linguistics Vol. 46, no. 1 (2023), p. 54-75
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The impact of global mobility and technology innovations on urban linguistic diversity poses a key challenge to understand how and to what extent international students are immersed in the target language. Such diversity of languages and modes of communication has pointed to a fundamental transformation in the way that international students interact with both online and offline resources. The translingual practices of Chinese international students presented in this study suggest that, instead of being a language learner in an English-dominant country, these students make use of but go beyond their full repertoires to conduct various online and offline activities when living in a translanguaging space. An evaluation of both online and offline practices demonstrates how their online translingual practices were merged into offline contexts, to create opportunities for learning and social engagement. Understanding international students’ experience with both online and offline resources provides useful insights into the translingual practices and processes adopted by them when living and studying in a multilingual city.
Virtual care initiatives for older adults in Australia : scoping review
- Savira, Feby, Gupta, Adyya, Gilbert, Cecily, Huggins, Catherine, Browning, Colette, Chapman, Wendy, Haines, Terry, Peeters, Anna
- Authors: Savira, Feby , Gupta, Adyya , Gilbert, Cecily , Huggins, Catherine , Browning, Colette , Chapman, Wendy , Haines, Terry , Peeters, Anna
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Journal of Medical Internet Research Vol. 25, no. (2023), p.
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- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: There has been a rapid shift toward the adoption of virtual health care services in Australia. It is unknown how widely virtual care has been implemented or evaluated for the care of older adults in Australia. Objective: We aimed to review the literature evaluating virtual care initiatives for older adults across a wide range of health conditions and modalities and identify key challenges and opportunities for wider adoption at both patient and system levels in Australia. Methods: A scoping review of the literature was conducted. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, AgeLine, and gray literature (January 1, 2011, to March 8, 2021) to identify virtual care initiatives for older Australians (aged
- Authors: Savira, Feby , Gupta, Adyya , Gilbert, Cecily , Huggins, Catherine , Browning, Colette , Chapman, Wendy , Haines, Terry , Peeters, Anna
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Journal of Medical Internet Research Vol. 25, no. (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: There has been a rapid shift toward the adoption of virtual health care services in Australia. It is unknown how widely virtual care has been implemented or evaluated for the care of older adults in Australia. Objective: We aimed to review the literature evaluating virtual care initiatives for older adults across a wide range of health conditions and modalities and identify key challenges and opportunities for wider adoption at both patient and system levels in Australia. Methods: A scoping review of the literature was conducted. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, AgeLine, and gray literature (January 1, 2011, to March 8, 2021) to identify virtual care initiatives for older Australians (aged
African women’s experience of domestic violence and help-seeking behaviour in Melbourne, Australia
- Kuyini, Ahmed, Kor, Deng, Diu, Joyce, David, Ruffina, Yoa, Tut
- Authors: Kuyini, Ahmed , Kor, Deng , Diu, Joyce , David, Ruffina , Yoa, Tut
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australasian Review of African Studies Vol. 43, no. 2 (2022), p. 59-86
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- Reviewed:
- Description: This study explored African refugee background women’s experience of domestic violence and help-seeking behaviour. The women were part of a domestic violence prevention and intervention project run by a local community organisation. Underpinned by help-seeking frameworks such as Theory of Planned Behaviour, data were gathered via two focus group interviews with seventeen women in Melbourne, Australia. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The results showed that participants experienced different forms of violence. Many did not seek help early, and help-seeking was constrained by cultural considerations and children in the relationship. Implications are discussed in relation to formal and informal support or interventions. © 2022, Australasian Review of African Studies. All Rights Reserved.
- Authors: Kuyini, Ahmed , Kor, Deng , Diu, Joyce , David, Ruffina , Yoa, Tut
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australasian Review of African Studies Vol. 43, no. 2 (2022), p. 59-86
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This study explored African refugee background women’s experience of domestic violence and help-seeking behaviour. The women were part of a domestic violence prevention and intervention project run by a local community organisation. Underpinned by help-seeking frameworks such as Theory of Planned Behaviour, data were gathered via two focus group interviews with seventeen women in Melbourne, Australia. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The results showed that participants experienced different forms of violence. Many did not seek help early, and help-seeking was constrained by cultural considerations and children in the relationship. Implications are discussed in relation to formal and informal support or interventions. © 2022, Australasian Review of African Studies. All Rights Reserved.
Delineating genetic management units of sambar deer (Rusa unicolor) in south-eastern Australia, using opportunistic tissue sampling and targeted scat collection
- Davies, Christopher, Wright, Wendy, Wedrowicz, Faye, Pacioni, Carlo, Hogan, Fiona
- Authors: Davies, Christopher , Wright, Wendy , Wedrowicz, Faye , Pacioni, Carlo , Hogan, Fiona
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Wildlife Research Vol. 49, no. 2 (2022), p. 147-157
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Context: Invasive species are major drivers of biodiversity loss, requiring management to reduce their ecological impacts. Population genetics can be applied to delineate management units, providing information that can help plan and improve control strategies. Aim: The present study aims to use a genetic approach to test the existence of three previously proposed sambar deer populations in south-eastern Australia. In doing so, the study aims to delineate management units of sambar deer in south-eastern Australia. Methods: Sambar deer DNA was sourced opportunistically from tissue samples and targeted scat collection. Samples were collected from three areas in Victoria, south-eastern Australia: Mt Cole (MC), French Island (FI) and eastern Victoria (EV). Contemporary population structure was assessed using a suite of 11 polymorphic microsatellite markers. The number of maternal sambar deer lineages in south-eastern Australia was investigated through sequencing of the mitochondrial (mt)DNA control region. Key results: Three distinct genetic clusters were identified. Differentiation among inferred clusters was found to be high, with FST ranging from 0.24 between EV and FI clusters and 0.48 between MC and FI clusters. Two mtDNA haplotypes were identified; R.u1 was found throughout EV and FI, and R.u2 was unique to MC. DNA isolated from scats provided reliable data and proved critical for sampling areas where hunting and culling of deer are not generally undertaken. Conclusions: Three genetically distinct sambar deer management units in south-eastern Australia are defined-MC, FI and EV. Sambar deer control strategies should be applied to each management unit independently. This may be difficult or infeasible for the EV management unit, which is large and geographically complex. Further research may help identify additional fine-scale genetic structure in EV, allowing smaller, more practicable management units to be identified. Implications: Genetic data can be used to identify management units for invasive species, which will be critical for the development of future management strategies and improving control operations. The approach outlined here could also be applied to improve the management of other introduced deer species in south-eastern Australia. © 2022 CSIRO Open Access.
- Authors: Davies, Christopher , Wright, Wendy , Wedrowicz, Faye , Pacioni, Carlo , Hogan, Fiona
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Wildlife Research Vol. 49, no. 2 (2022), p. 147-157
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Context: Invasive species are major drivers of biodiversity loss, requiring management to reduce their ecological impacts. Population genetics can be applied to delineate management units, providing information that can help plan and improve control strategies. Aim: The present study aims to use a genetic approach to test the existence of three previously proposed sambar deer populations in south-eastern Australia. In doing so, the study aims to delineate management units of sambar deer in south-eastern Australia. Methods: Sambar deer DNA was sourced opportunistically from tissue samples and targeted scat collection. Samples were collected from three areas in Victoria, south-eastern Australia: Mt Cole (MC), French Island (FI) and eastern Victoria (EV). Contemporary population structure was assessed using a suite of 11 polymorphic microsatellite markers. The number of maternal sambar deer lineages in south-eastern Australia was investigated through sequencing of the mitochondrial (mt)DNA control region. Key results: Three distinct genetic clusters were identified. Differentiation among inferred clusters was found to be high, with FST ranging from 0.24 between EV and FI clusters and 0.48 between MC and FI clusters. Two mtDNA haplotypes were identified; R.u1 was found throughout EV and FI, and R.u2 was unique to MC. DNA isolated from scats provided reliable data and proved critical for sampling areas where hunting and culling of deer are not generally undertaken. Conclusions: Three genetically distinct sambar deer management units in south-eastern Australia are defined-MC, FI and EV. Sambar deer control strategies should be applied to each management unit independently. This may be difficult or infeasible for the EV management unit, which is large and geographically complex. Further research may help identify additional fine-scale genetic structure in EV, allowing smaller, more practicable management units to be identified. Implications: Genetic data can be used to identify management units for invasive species, which will be critical for the development of future management strategies and improving control operations. The approach outlined here could also be applied to improve the management of other introduced deer species in south-eastern Australia. © 2022 CSIRO Open Access.
Electronic cigarettes or vaping : are there any differences in the profiles, use and perceptions between a developed and a developing country?
- Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Joseph, Bindu, Nimmi, Naima
- Authors: Rahman, Muhammad Aziz , Joseph, Bindu , Nimmi, Naima
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, no. 3 (2022), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The use of electronic cigarettes or vaping is currently increasing in popularity globally. Debate continues regarding their potential role for smoking cessation. We aimed to compare the profiles, use and perceptions of using e-cigarettes amongst online forum users in a developed and a developing country. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among members of different popular online forums in Australia and Bangladesh who were current or ex-users of e-cigarettes. There were 422 study participants, 261 (62%) from Australia and 161 (38%) from Bangladesh. The mean age was 36.3 (±12) years and 83% were men. Australians were more likely to be exclusive users of e-cigarettes (70% vs. 30%, AOR 3.05 [95% CI 1.63–5.71]), but less likely to be dual users of smoking and e-cigarettes (43% vs. 57%, 0.36 [0.19–0.69]); they were also more likely to mention that the perceived reasons for using were their low cost, good taste/flavour, safety and assistance in reducing or quitting smoking (66% vs. 34%, 5.10 [2.04–12.8]), but less likely to mention a social/cool image as a reason for use (23% vs. 77%, 0.11 [0.01–0.87]) compared with Bangladeshi participants. About two-thirds of the participants in both countries perceived the use of e-cigarettes as less addictive than cigarettes and more than three-quarters perceived them as less harmful. E-cigarette users in Australia were more likely to use them to reduce or quit cigarettes compared with those in Bangladesh, and dual use was common in Bangladesh. These findings warrant the consideration of precautions for promoting e-cigarettes as a harm reduction strategy for smoking cessation in developing countries, such as Bangladesh. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
- Authors: Rahman, Muhammad Aziz , Joseph, Bindu , Nimmi, Naima
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, no. 3 (2022), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The use of electronic cigarettes or vaping is currently increasing in popularity globally. Debate continues regarding their potential role for smoking cessation. We aimed to compare the profiles, use and perceptions of using e-cigarettes amongst online forum users in a developed and a developing country. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among members of different popular online forums in Australia and Bangladesh who were current or ex-users of e-cigarettes. There were 422 study participants, 261 (62%) from Australia and 161 (38%) from Bangladesh. The mean age was 36.3 (±12) years and 83% were men. Australians were more likely to be exclusive users of e-cigarettes (70% vs. 30%, AOR 3.05 [95% CI 1.63–5.71]), but less likely to be dual users of smoking and e-cigarettes (43% vs. 57%, 0.36 [0.19–0.69]); they were also more likely to mention that the perceived reasons for using were their low cost, good taste/flavour, safety and assistance in reducing or quitting smoking (66% vs. 34%, 5.10 [2.04–12.8]), but less likely to mention a social/cool image as a reason for use (23% vs. 77%, 0.11 [0.01–0.87]) compared with Bangladeshi participants. About two-thirds of the participants in both countries perceived the use of e-cigarettes as less addictive than cigarettes and more than three-quarters perceived them as less harmful. E-cigarette users in Australia were more likely to use them to reduce or quit cigarettes compared with those in Bangladesh, and dual use was common in Bangladesh. These findings warrant the consideration of precautions for promoting e-cigarettes as a harm reduction strategy for smoking cessation in developing countries, such as Bangladesh. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Factors affecting the organisational adoption of blockchain technology in australia : a mixed-methods approach
- Authors: Malik, Muhammad Saleem
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Thesis , PhD
- Full Text:
- Description: Blockchain (BCT) is an emerging technology that promises many benefits for organisations, such as disintermediation, data security, data transparency, a single version of the truth, and trust among trading partners. Despite its multiple benefits, the adoption rate of BCT among organisations has not reached a significantly high level worldwide. The present thesis addresses this issue in the Australian context. There is a knowledge gap in what specific factors, among the plethora of factors reported in the extant scholarly and commercial literature, affect Australian organisations while deciding to adopt BCT. To fill this gap, this thesis uses a mixed-methods approach known as sequential exploratory mixed methods. In this approach, the research starts with a qualitative phase as an initial phase followed by a quantitative phase. During the qualitative phase, data were collected through semi-structured interviews of the BCT experts and decision-makers working with the ifferent Australian organisations that adopted or were in the process of adopting BCT. The Technology, Organisation, Environment (TOE) framework, based on the qualitative interpretative approach, was used as a theoretical lens during the qualitative phase. The qualitative data were analyzed using the thematic analysis technique with the SQR NVivo software. The analysis shows that the different factors, belonging to the technological, organisational, and environmental contexts, affect the organisational decision to adopt BCT in Australia. The technological factors include perceived benefits, perceived computability, perceived complexity, perceived disintermediation, and perceived information transparency; organisational factors are organisational innovativeness, organisational learning capability, top management support; environmental factors consist of government support, standards uncertainty, competition intensity, and trading partners readiness. The qualitative analysis also shows the direct and moderating effect of the perceived risks between the relationship of the identified factors and organisational adoption of BCT. Based on the findings of the qualitative phase, the thesis develops a theoretical conceptual model, which shows the relationship between the factors and the organisational adoption of BCT. To increase the external validity of the developed conceptual model, the thesis started a quantitative phase with the administration of an online survey for data collection. Certain criteria were set to screen out the irrelevant participants in the survey. During this phase, hypotheses were proposed for the relationship of the factors identified in the qualitative phase and the organisational adoption of BCT. The survey data was analyzed using the PLS Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique with the SmartPLS 3 software. The quantitative analysis confirms the findings of the qualitative phase that the perceived benefits, perceived compatibility, perceived information transparency, perceived disintermediation, organisational innovativeness, organisational learning capability, top management support, competitive intensity, government support, and trading partner readiness have a positive effect on the organisational adoption of BCT. Whereas the perceived complexity, standards uncertainty, and perceived risks have a negative effect. The analysis also shows that the moderating effects of perceived risks are significant in the relationship of perceived compatibility, perceived information transparency, perceived disintermediation, organisational innovativeness, organisation innovativeness, competition intensity, and organisational adoption of BCT. Contrary to the qualitative findings, ‘perceived risks’ has no moderating effects on the relationship of perceived benefits, organisational learning capability, top management support, government support, trading partner readiness, and the adoption of BCT. The thesis has both theoretical and practical contributions, which are useful both for theory development and decision-making for the adoption of BCT in Australia. Theoretically, this thesis contributes to the existing IT adoption literature in several ways. Firstly, the thesis provides empirical evidence about the factors affecting organisational adoption of BCT in Australia. This is the first in-depth sequential exploratory mixed methods research that bridges this knowledge gap in the extant literature. The identification of such factors is important, particularly for the Australian government and organisations interested in the value creation of BCT. Second, the thesis reports the effect of new factors, namely, perceived information transparency, perceived disintermediation, organisational innovativeness, organisational learning capability, standards uncertainty, trading partner readiness, and competition intensity on BCT adoption that are exclusively identified in this research. Third, this thesis confirms the findings of the past studies that the factors of perceived benefits and perceived compatibility, perceived complexity, and top management support have an effect on the organisational adoption of BCT. Fourth, according to the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first research that has used the qualitative interpretive research approach to investigate the organisational adoption of BCT. Therefore, the thesis confirms the suitability of the qualitative interpretive research approach for BCT adoption. Lastly, most of the researchers have used the TOE framework in either in qualitative or quantitative research. This thesis proves its validity in mixed methods research as well. The thesis's practical contributions are discussed in chapter 7.
- Description: Doctor of Philosophy
- Authors: Malik, Muhammad Saleem
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Thesis , PhD
- Full Text:
- Description: Blockchain (BCT) is an emerging technology that promises many benefits for organisations, such as disintermediation, data security, data transparency, a single version of the truth, and trust among trading partners. Despite its multiple benefits, the adoption rate of BCT among organisations has not reached a significantly high level worldwide. The present thesis addresses this issue in the Australian context. There is a knowledge gap in what specific factors, among the plethora of factors reported in the extant scholarly and commercial literature, affect Australian organisations while deciding to adopt BCT. To fill this gap, this thesis uses a mixed-methods approach known as sequential exploratory mixed methods. In this approach, the research starts with a qualitative phase as an initial phase followed by a quantitative phase. During the qualitative phase, data were collected through semi-structured interviews of the BCT experts and decision-makers working with the ifferent Australian organisations that adopted or were in the process of adopting BCT. The Technology, Organisation, Environment (TOE) framework, based on the qualitative interpretative approach, was used as a theoretical lens during the qualitative phase. The qualitative data were analyzed using the thematic analysis technique with the SQR NVivo software. The analysis shows that the different factors, belonging to the technological, organisational, and environmental contexts, affect the organisational decision to adopt BCT in Australia. The technological factors include perceived benefits, perceived computability, perceived complexity, perceived disintermediation, and perceived information transparency; organisational factors are organisational innovativeness, organisational learning capability, top management support; environmental factors consist of government support, standards uncertainty, competition intensity, and trading partners readiness. The qualitative analysis also shows the direct and moderating effect of the perceived risks between the relationship of the identified factors and organisational adoption of BCT. Based on the findings of the qualitative phase, the thesis develops a theoretical conceptual model, which shows the relationship between the factors and the organisational adoption of BCT. To increase the external validity of the developed conceptual model, the thesis started a quantitative phase with the administration of an online survey for data collection. Certain criteria were set to screen out the irrelevant participants in the survey. During this phase, hypotheses were proposed for the relationship of the factors identified in the qualitative phase and the organisational adoption of BCT. The survey data was analyzed using the PLS Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique with the SmartPLS 3 software. The quantitative analysis confirms the findings of the qualitative phase that the perceived benefits, perceived compatibility, perceived information transparency, perceived disintermediation, organisational innovativeness, organisational learning capability, top management support, competitive intensity, government support, and trading partner readiness have a positive effect on the organisational adoption of BCT. Whereas the perceived complexity, standards uncertainty, and perceived risks have a negative effect. The analysis also shows that the moderating effects of perceived risks are significant in the relationship of perceived compatibility, perceived information transparency, perceived disintermediation, organisational innovativeness, organisation innovativeness, competition intensity, and organisational adoption of BCT. Contrary to the qualitative findings, ‘perceived risks’ has no moderating effects on the relationship of perceived benefits, organisational learning capability, top management support, government support, trading partner readiness, and the adoption of BCT. The thesis has both theoretical and practical contributions, which are useful both for theory development and decision-making for the adoption of BCT in Australia. Theoretically, this thesis contributes to the existing IT adoption literature in several ways. Firstly, the thesis provides empirical evidence about the factors affecting organisational adoption of BCT in Australia. This is the first in-depth sequential exploratory mixed methods research that bridges this knowledge gap in the extant literature. The identification of such factors is important, particularly for the Australian government and organisations interested in the value creation of BCT. Second, the thesis reports the effect of new factors, namely, perceived information transparency, perceived disintermediation, organisational innovativeness, organisational learning capability, standards uncertainty, trading partner readiness, and competition intensity on BCT adoption that are exclusively identified in this research. Third, this thesis confirms the findings of the past studies that the factors of perceived benefits and perceived compatibility, perceived complexity, and top management support have an effect on the organisational adoption of BCT. Fourth, according to the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first research that has used the qualitative interpretive research approach to investigate the organisational adoption of BCT. Therefore, the thesis confirms the suitability of the qualitative interpretive research approach for BCT adoption. Lastly, most of the researchers have used the TOE framework in either in qualitative or quantitative research. This thesis proves its validity in mixed methods research as well. The thesis's practical contributions are discussed in chapter 7.
- Description: Doctor of Philosophy
Generating population estimates for migratory shorebird species in the world’s largest flyway
- Hansen, Birgita, Rogers, Danny, Watkins, Doug, Weller, Dan, Clemens, Robert, Newman, Mike, Woehler, Eric, Mundkur, Taej, Fuller, Richard
- Authors: Hansen, Birgita , Rogers, Danny , Watkins, Doug , Weller, Dan , Clemens, Robert , Newman, Mike , Woehler, Eric , Mundkur, Taej , Fuller, Richard
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Ibis Vol. 164, no. 3 (2022), p. 735-749
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Population estimates are widely used to underpin conservation decisions. However, determining accurate population estimates for migratory species is especially challenging, as they are often widespread and it is rarely possible to survey them throughout their full distribution. In the East Asian–Australasian Flyway (EAAF), this problem is compounded by its size (85 million square kilometres) and the number of migratory species it supports (nearly 500). Here, we provide analytical approaches for addressing this problem, presenting a revision of the EAAF population estimates for 37 migratory shorebird species protected under Australian national environmental legislation. Population estimates were generated by (1) summarizing existing count data in the non-breeding range, (2) spatially extrapolating across uncounted areas, and (3) modelling abundance on the basis of estimates of breeding range and density. Expert review was used to adjust modelled estimates, particularly in under-counted areas. There were many gaps in shorebird monitoring data, necessitating substantial use of extrapolation and expert review, the extent of which varied among species. Spatial extrapolation to under-counted areas often produced estimates that were much higher than the observed data, and expert review was used to cross-check and adjust these where necessary. Estimates of population size obtained through analyses of breeding ranges and density indicated that 18 species were poorly represented by counts in the non-breeding season. It was difficult to determine independently the robustness of these estimates, but these breeding ground estimates were considered the best available data for 10 species that mostly use poorly surveyed freshwater or pelagic habitats in the non-breeding season. We discuss the rationale and limitations of these approaches to population estimation, and how they could be modified for other applications. Data available for population estimates will vary in quality and extent among species, regions and migration stage, and approaches need to be flexible enough to provide useful information for conservation policy and planning. © 2021 British Ornithologists' Union.
- Authors: Hansen, Birgita , Rogers, Danny , Watkins, Doug , Weller, Dan , Clemens, Robert , Newman, Mike , Woehler, Eric , Mundkur, Taej , Fuller, Richard
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Ibis Vol. 164, no. 3 (2022), p. 735-749
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Population estimates are widely used to underpin conservation decisions. However, determining accurate population estimates for migratory species is especially challenging, as they are often widespread and it is rarely possible to survey them throughout their full distribution. In the East Asian–Australasian Flyway (EAAF), this problem is compounded by its size (85 million square kilometres) and the number of migratory species it supports (nearly 500). Here, we provide analytical approaches for addressing this problem, presenting a revision of the EAAF population estimates for 37 migratory shorebird species protected under Australian national environmental legislation. Population estimates were generated by (1) summarizing existing count data in the non-breeding range, (2) spatially extrapolating across uncounted areas, and (3) modelling abundance on the basis of estimates of breeding range and density. Expert review was used to adjust modelled estimates, particularly in under-counted areas. There were many gaps in shorebird monitoring data, necessitating substantial use of extrapolation and expert review, the extent of which varied among species. Spatial extrapolation to under-counted areas often produced estimates that were much higher than the observed data, and expert review was used to cross-check and adjust these where necessary. Estimates of population size obtained through analyses of breeding ranges and density indicated that 18 species were poorly represented by counts in the non-breeding season. It was difficult to determine independently the robustness of these estimates, but these breeding ground estimates were considered the best available data for 10 species that mostly use poorly surveyed freshwater or pelagic habitats in the non-breeding season. We discuss the rationale and limitations of these approaches to population estimation, and how they could be modified for other applications. Data available for population estimates will vary in quality and extent among species, regions and migration stage, and approaches need to be flexible enough to provide useful information for conservation policy and planning. © 2021 British Ornithologists' Union.
Participation and dropout of Hockey New South Wales participants in 2017 and 2018: a longitudinal study
- Owen, Katherine, Foley, Bridget, Eime, Rochelle, Rose, Catriona, Reece, Lindsey
- Authors: Owen, Katherine , Foley, Bridget , Eime, Rochelle , Rose, Catriona , Reece, Lindsey
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation Vol. 14, no. 1 (2022), p. 103-103
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Sports have a focus on increasing participation, which contributes to increasing population levels of physical activity, social cohesion and longevity of the sport. The primary aim of this study was to examine reasons for drop-out of a popular team sport in Australia, Field Hockey and identify opportunities to increase participation. This longitudinal study obtained routinely collected registered player data from Hockey New South Wales over two consecutive years, and survey data from registered players who dropped out. Logistic regression models identified demographic subgroups who were more likely to drop out of sport, and the reasons for dropping out. In 2018, 8463 (31%) of hockey players did not return to play hockey after the previous season and 805 (10%) of these completed a survey. Specific groups who were more likely to stop playing included 5-6 years (OR: 2.1, 95% CI 1.8-2.6 reference: 12-17 years), females (OR: 1.1, 95% CI 1.0-1.2 reference: males), Indigenous (OR: 1.2, 95% CI 1.1-1.4 reference: non-Indigenous), most disadvantaged (OR: 1.1, 95% CI 1.0-1.2 reference: least disadvantaged) or regional and remote (1.1, 95% CI 1.0-1.2 reference: major cities). Top reasons for drop out were medical/age (17%), change in circumstances (16%) and high cost (13%), lack of time (13%) and lack of enjoyment (7%). Although Hockey successfully reaches a large proportion of underrepresented groups in sport, these groups are more likely to drop out. Sports should consult these groups to develop enjoyable, flexible, and modifiable versions of the game that are appropriate to their needs.
- Authors: Owen, Katherine , Foley, Bridget , Eime, Rochelle , Rose, Catriona , Reece, Lindsey
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation Vol. 14, no. 1 (2022), p. 103-103
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Sports have a focus on increasing participation, which contributes to increasing population levels of physical activity, social cohesion and longevity of the sport. The primary aim of this study was to examine reasons for drop-out of a popular team sport in Australia, Field Hockey and identify opportunities to increase participation. This longitudinal study obtained routinely collected registered player data from Hockey New South Wales over two consecutive years, and survey data from registered players who dropped out. Logistic regression models identified demographic subgroups who were more likely to drop out of sport, and the reasons for dropping out. In 2018, 8463 (31%) of hockey players did not return to play hockey after the previous season and 805 (10%) of these completed a survey. Specific groups who were more likely to stop playing included 5-6 years (OR: 2.1, 95% CI 1.8-2.6 reference: 12-17 years), females (OR: 1.1, 95% CI 1.0-1.2 reference: males), Indigenous (OR: 1.2, 95% CI 1.1-1.4 reference: non-Indigenous), most disadvantaged (OR: 1.1, 95% CI 1.0-1.2 reference: least disadvantaged) or regional and remote (1.1, 95% CI 1.0-1.2 reference: major cities). Top reasons for drop out were medical/age (17%), change in circumstances (16%) and high cost (13%), lack of time (13%) and lack of enjoyment (7%). Although Hockey successfully reaches a large proportion of underrepresented groups in sport, these groups are more likely to drop out. Sports should consult these groups to develop enjoyable, flexible, and modifiable versions of the game that are appropriate to their needs.
Peer educators in the facilitation of sexuality and respectful relationship education for people with an intellectual disability : a scoping review and narrative synthesis
- James, Michelle, Porter, Joanne, Kattel, Sumitra, Prokopiv, Valerie, Hopwood, Peter
- Authors: James, Michelle , Porter, Joanne , Kattel, Sumitra , Prokopiv, Valerie , Hopwood, Peter
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Sexuality and Disability Vol. 40, no. 3 (2022), p. 487-502
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: A scoping review was conducted to identify how peer-education models are being used in sexuality and respectful relationship education for people with a disability. The search was conducted in August 2021 using the Joanna Briggs framework to scope and map the literature and research activity. Using strict criteria, 7 online databases, grey literature and reference lists were searched for resources written or published in the last 15 years (2006–2021). Relevant sources were shortlisted and assessed by the two authors. Six sources met the criteria for inclusion in this review. In total, four educational programs are described and discussed. The results identify four sexuality and respectful relationship programs that met screening criteria: (1) “Telling it like it is!”, (2) “Sexual Lives and Respectful Relationships”, (3) “Talking about sex and relationships: the views of young people with learning disabilities”, and (4) “Health, Safety & Sexuality Training for You & Me”. Peer-educators experienced increased confidence and feelings of empowerment, while people without an intellectual disability reported a greater understanding of the challenges and experiences of people with a disability. The use of peer educators to deliver sexuality and respectful relationship education for people with intellectual disability is a promising education model with multiple potential benefits for participants. However, more research is needed to understand the consequences and limitations of such programs. © 2022, Crown.
- Authors: James, Michelle , Porter, Joanne , Kattel, Sumitra , Prokopiv, Valerie , Hopwood, Peter
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Sexuality and Disability Vol. 40, no. 3 (2022), p. 487-502
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: A scoping review was conducted to identify how peer-education models are being used in sexuality and respectful relationship education for people with a disability. The search was conducted in August 2021 using the Joanna Briggs framework to scope and map the literature and research activity. Using strict criteria, 7 online databases, grey literature and reference lists were searched for resources written or published in the last 15 years (2006–2021). Relevant sources were shortlisted and assessed by the two authors. Six sources met the criteria for inclusion in this review. In total, four educational programs are described and discussed. The results identify four sexuality and respectful relationship programs that met screening criteria: (1) “Telling it like it is!”, (2) “Sexual Lives and Respectful Relationships”, (3) “Talking about sex and relationships: the views of young people with learning disabilities”, and (4) “Health, Safety & Sexuality Training for You & Me”. Peer-educators experienced increased confidence and feelings of empowerment, while people without an intellectual disability reported a greater understanding of the challenges and experiences of people with a disability. The use of peer educators to deliver sexuality and respectful relationship education for people with intellectual disability is a promising education model with multiple potential benefits for participants. However, more research is needed to understand the consequences and limitations of such programs. © 2022, Crown.
Seeking approval from universities to research the views of their staff : do gatekeepers provide a barrier to ethical research?
- Christian, Katherine, Johnstone, Carolyn, Larkins, Jo-Ann, Wright, Wendy
- Authors: Christian, Katherine , Johnstone, Carolyn , Larkins, Jo-Ann , Wright, Wendy
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics Vol. 17, no. 3 (2022), p. 317-328
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- Reviewed:
- Description: A “gatekeeper” controls access to an organization; “gatekeeper approval” is often needed before external research can take place within an organization. We explore the need for gatekeeper approval for research with university staff employing, as a case study, a project which collected data in Australia. This case study addresses known issues, seemingly rarely addressed in the literature. The Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC)'s requirement for approval from individual universities to approach their staff brought significant consequences, exacerbated by the lack of university procedures for such approvals. Simultaneously, since invitations could legitimately be distributed via other avenues, such approval was superfluous. We recommend the HREC's blanket requirement for institutional approval instead be considered on a case-by-case basis depending on the risk of the research, and perhaps waived for low-risk research where participants are able to provide informed consent, and that universities establish processes to deal with requests from external researchers. © The Author(s) 2022.
- Authors: Christian, Katherine , Johnstone, Carolyn , Larkins, Jo-Ann , Wright, Wendy
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics Vol. 17, no. 3 (2022), p. 317-328
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: A “gatekeeper” controls access to an organization; “gatekeeper approval” is often needed before external research can take place within an organization. We explore the need for gatekeeper approval for research with university staff employing, as a case study, a project which collected data in Australia. This case study addresses known issues, seemingly rarely addressed in the literature. The Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC)'s requirement for approval from individual universities to approach their staff brought significant consequences, exacerbated by the lack of university procedures for such approvals. Simultaneously, since invitations could legitimately be distributed via other avenues, such approval was superfluous. We recommend the HREC's blanket requirement for institutional approval instead be considered on a case-by-case basis depending on the risk of the research, and perhaps waived for low-risk research where participants are able to provide informed consent, and that universities establish processes to deal with requests from external researchers. © The Author(s) 2022.
The experience of structural burden for culturally and linguistically diverse family carers of people living with dementia in Australia
- Gilbert, Andrew, Antoniades, Josefine, Croy, Samantha, Thodis, Antonia, Adams, Jon, Goeman, Dianne, Browning, Colette, Kent, Mike, Ellis, Katie, Brijnath, Bianca
- Authors: Gilbert, Andrew , Antoniades, Josefine , Croy, Samantha , Thodis, Antonia , Adams, Jon , Goeman, Dianne , Browning, Colette , Kent, Mike , Ellis, Katie , Brijnath, Bianca
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Health and Social Care in the community Vol. 30, no. 6 (2022), p. e4492-e4503
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Evidence suggests that family carers of culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) people living with dementia experience higher stress and unmet need than the general Australian population. These disparities are often framed as the result of CALD communities failing to seek formal support. Challenging this, we draw on the concept of ‘structural burden’ to explore how the complexity of health and aged systems contribute to the burden that CALD carers experience. We conducted semi‐structured interviews with 104 family carers for CALD people with dementia in Australia, followed by thematic analysis of transcripts. Additional to structural burdens encountered by the general older population, CALD carers faced challenges understanding Australia's Anglo‐centric aged care system, locating culturally appropriate care and were required to translate the languages and operations of health and aged care systems into terms their family members understood. This burden was mitigated by the presence of ethno‐specific organisations and other navigation support. Australia's aged care system has moved towards centralised governance and consumer‐directed care provision. This system involves a confusing array of different programmes and levels, bureaucratic applications and long waiting times. Carers' encounters with these systems demonstrates how some CALD people are being left behind by the current aged care system. While ethno‐specific services can reduce this burden, not all CALD groups are represented. Consequently, improving access to dementia care among CALD populations requires entry point and navigation support that is culturally appropriate and linguistically accessible.
- Authors: Gilbert, Andrew , Antoniades, Josefine , Croy, Samantha , Thodis, Antonia , Adams, Jon , Goeman, Dianne , Browning, Colette , Kent, Mike , Ellis, Katie , Brijnath, Bianca
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Health and Social Care in the community Vol. 30, no. 6 (2022), p. e4492-e4503
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Evidence suggests that family carers of culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) people living with dementia experience higher stress and unmet need than the general Australian population. These disparities are often framed as the result of CALD communities failing to seek formal support. Challenging this, we draw on the concept of ‘structural burden’ to explore how the complexity of health and aged systems contribute to the burden that CALD carers experience. We conducted semi‐structured interviews with 104 family carers for CALD people with dementia in Australia, followed by thematic analysis of transcripts. Additional to structural burdens encountered by the general older population, CALD carers faced challenges understanding Australia's Anglo‐centric aged care system, locating culturally appropriate care and were required to translate the languages and operations of health and aged care systems into terms their family members understood. This burden was mitigated by the presence of ethno‐specific organisations and other navigation support. Australia's aged care system has moved towards centralised governance and consumer‐directed care provision. This system involves a confusing array of different programmes and levels, bureaucratic applications and long waiting times. Carers' encounters with these systems demonstrates how some CALD people are being left behind by the current aged care system. While ethno‐specific services can reduce this burden, not all CALD groups are represented. Consequently, improving access to dementia care among CALD populations requires entry point and navigation support that is culturally appropriate and linguistically accessible.
The impact of covid-19 on psychosocial well-being and learning for australian nursing and midwifery undergraduate students: a cross-sectional survey
- Rasmussen, Bodil, Hutchinson, Alison, Lowe, Grainne, Wynter, Karen, Redley, Bernice, Holton, Sara, Manias, Elizabeth, Phillips, Nikki, McDonall, Jo, McTier, Lauren, Kerr, Debra
- Authors: Rasmussen, Bodil , Hutchinson, Alison , Lowe, Grainne , Wynter, Karen , Redley, Bernice , Holton, Sara , Manias, Elizabeth , Phillips, Nikki , McDonall, Jo , McTier, Lauren , Kerr, Debra
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Nurse Education in Practice Vol. 58, no. (2022), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Aim: To explore the impact of COVID-19 on psychosocial well-being and learning for nursing and midwifery undergraduate students in an Australian university. Background: The World Health Organization has reported a substantial psychological impact of COVID-19 on healthcare professionals to date. Evidence is lacking, however, regarding university nursing and midwifery students of the pandemic and its impact on their educational preparation and/or clinical placement during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design: Cross-sectional survey of nursing and midwifery undergraduate students enrolled in the Bachelor of Nursing suite of courses from the study institution in August- September 2020. Methods: A cross-sectional self-administered anonymous online survey was distributed to current nursing and midwifery undergraduate students. The survey included three open-ended questions; responses were thematically analysed. Results: Of 2907 students invited, 637 (22%) responded with 288 of the respondents (45%) providing a response to at least one of the three open-ended questions. Three major themes associated with the impact of the pandemic on psychosocial well-being and learning were identified: psychosocial impact of the pandemic, adjustment to new modes of teaching and learning, and concerns about course progression and career. These themes were underpinned by lack of motivation to study, feeling isolated, and experiencing stress and anxiety that impacted on students’ well-being and their ability to learn and study. Conclusions: Students were appreciative of different and flexible teaching modes that allowed them to balance their study, family, and employment responsibilities. Support from academic staff and clinical facilitators/mentors combined with clear and timely communication of risk management related to personal protective equipment (PPE) in a healthcare facility, were reported to reduce students’ stress and anxiety. Ways to support and maintain motivation among undergraduate nursing and midwifery students are needed. © 2021
- Authors: Rasmussen, Bodil , Hutchinson, Alison , Lowe, Grainne , Wynter, Karen , Redley, Bernice , Holton, Sara , Manias, Elizabeth , Phillips, Nikki , McDonall, Jo , McTier, Lauren , Kerr, Debra
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Nurse Education in Practice Vol. 58, no. (2022), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Aim: To explore the impact of COVID-19 on psychosocial well-being and learning for nursing and midwifery undergraduate students in an Australian university. Background: The World Health Organization has reported a substantial psychological impact of COVID-19 on healthcare professionals to date. Evidence is lacking, however, regarding university nursing and midwifery students of the pandemic and its impact on their educational preparation and/or clinical placement during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design: Cross-sectional survey of nursing and midwifery undergraduate students enrolled in the Bachelor of Nursing suite of courses from the study institution in August- September 2020. Methods: A cross-sectional self-administered anonymous online survey was distributed to current nursing and midwifery undergraduate students. The survey included three open-ended questions; responses were thematically analysed. Results: Of 2907 students invited, 637 (22%) responded with 288 of the respondents (45%) providing a response to at least one of the three open-ended questions. Three major themes associated with the impact of the pandemic on psychosocial well-being and learning were identified: psychosocial impact of the pandemic, adjustment to new modes of teaching and learning, and concerns about course progression and career. These themes were underpinned by lack of motivation to study, feeling isolated, and experiencing stress and anxiety that impacted on students’ well-being and their ability to learn and study. Conclusions: Students were appreciative of different and flexible teaching modes that allowed them to balance their study, family, and employment responsibilities. Support from academic staff and clinical facilitators/mentors combined with clear and timely communication of risk management related to personal protective equipment (PPE) in a healthcare facility, were reported to reduce students’ stress and anxiety. Ways to support and maintain motivation among undergraduate nursing and midwifery students are needed. © 2021