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Generalised rational approximation and its application to improve deep learning classifiers

- Peiris, V, Sharon, Nir, Sukhorukova, Nadezda, Ugon, Julien

  • Authors: Peiris, V , Sharon, Nir , Sukhorukova, Nadezda , Ugon, Julien
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Applied Mathematics and Computation Vol. 389, no. (2021), p.
  • Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP180100602
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  • Description: A rational approximation (that is, approximation by a ratio of two polynomials) is a flexible alternative to polynomial approximation. In particular, rational functions exhibit accurate estimations to nonsmooth and non-Lipschitz functions, where polynomial approximations are not efficient. We prove that the optimisation problems appearing in the best uniform rational approximation and its generalisation to a ratio of linear combinations of basis functions are quasiconvex even when the basis functions are not restricted to monomials. Then we show how this fact can be used in the development of computational methods. This paper presents a theoretical study of the arising optimisation problems and provides results of several numerical experiments. We apply our approximation as a preprocessing step to deep learning classifiers and demonstrate that the classification accuracy is significantly improved compared to the classification of the raw signals. © 2020
  • Description: This research was supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC), Solving hard Chebyshev approximation problems through nonsmooth analysis (Discovery Project DP180100602 ).  This research was partially sponsored by Tel Aviv-Swinburne Research Collaboration Grant (2019).

A note on primal-dual stability in infinite linear programming

- Goberna, Miguel, López, Marco, Ridolfi, Andrea, Vera de Serio, Virginia

  • Authors: Goberna, Miguel , López, Marco , Ridolfi, Andrea , Vera de Serio, Virginia
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Optimization Letters Vol. 14, no. 8 (2020), p. 2247-2263
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  • Description: In this note we analyze the simultaneous preservation of the consistency (and of the inconsistency) of linear programming problems posed in infinite dimensional Banach spaces, and their corresponding dual problems, under sufficiently small perturbations of the data. We consider seven different scenarios associated with the different possibilities of perturbations of the data (the objective functional, the constraint functionals, and the right hand-side function), i.e., which of them are known, and remain fixed, and which ones can be perturbed because of their uncertainty. The obtained results allow us to give sufficient and necessary conditions for the coincidence of the optimal values of both problems and for the stability of the duality gap under the same type of perturbations. There appear substantial differences with the finite dimensional case due to the distinct topological properties of cones in finite and infinite dimensional Banach spaces. © 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
  • Description: Funding details: Australian Research Council, ARC, DP180100602: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP180100602

An existence result for quasi-equilibrium problems via Ekeland’s variational principle

- Cotrina, John, Théra, Michel, Zúñiga, Javier

  • Authors: Cotrina, John , Théra, Michel , Zúñiga, Javier
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications Vol. 187, no. 2 (2020), p. 336-355
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  • Description: This paper deals with the existence of solutions to equilibrium and quasi-equilibrium problems without any convexity assumption. Coverage includes some equivalences to the Ekeland variational principle for bifunctions and basic facts about transfer lower continuity. An application is given to systems of quasi-equilibrium problems. © 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
  • Description: Research of M. Théra is supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC) Grant DP160100854 and benefited from the support of the FMJH Program PGMO and from the support of EDF. http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP160100854

An incremental nonsmooth optimization algorithm for clustering using L1 and L∞ norms

- Ordin, Burak, Bagirov, Adil, Mohebi, Ehsam

Assessing cohesion of the rocks proposing a new intelligent technique namely group method of data handling

- Chen, Wusi, Khandelwal, Manoj, Murlidhar, Bhatawdekar, Bui, Dieu, Tahir, Mahmood, Katebi, Javad

  • Authors: Chen, Wusi , Khandelwal, Manoj , Murlidhar, Bhatawdekar , Bui, Dieu , Tahir, Mahmood , Katebi, Javad
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Engineering with Computers Vol. 36, no. 2 (2020), p. 783-793
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  • Description: In this study, evaluation and prediction of rock cohesion is assessed using multiple regression as well as group method of data handling (GMDH). It is a well-known fact that cohesion is the most crucial rock shear strength parameter, which is a key parameter for the stability evaluation of some geotechnical structures such as rock slope. To fulfill the aim of this study, a database of three model input parameters, i.e., p wave velocity, uniaxial compressive strength and Brazilian tensile strength and one model output, which is cohesion of limestone samples was prepared and utilized by GMDH. Different GMDH models with neurons and layers and selection pressure were tested and assessed. It was found that GMDH model number 4 (with 8 layers) shows the best performance among all of tested models between the input and output parameters for the prediction and assessment of rock cohesion with coefficient of determination (R2) values of 0.928 and 0.929, root mean square error values of 0.3545 and 0.3154 for training and testing datasets, respectively. Multiple regression analysis was also performed on the same database and R2 values were obtained as 0.8173 and 0.8313 between input and output parameters for the training and testing of the models, respectively. The GMDH technique developed in this study is introduced as a new model in field of rock shear strength parameters. © 2019, Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature.

Comparative approaches to probabilistic finite element methods for slope stability analysis

- Dyson, Ashley, Tolooiyan, Ali

  • Authors: Dyson, Ashley , Tolooiyan, Ali
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory Vol. 100, no. (2020), p.
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  • Description: Probabilistic slope stability analyses are often preferable to deterministic methods when soils are inherently heterogeneous, or the reliability of geotechnical parameters is largely unknown. These methods are suitable for evaluating the risk of slope failure by producing a range of potential scenarios for the slope stability factor of safety. Several probabilistic methods including the Point Estimate Method, Monte Carlo Method and Random Finite Element Method, can be combined with the Finite Element technique. In this study, various shear strength distributions are considered for three different probabilistic Finite Element Methods to determine Factor of Safety and Probability of Failure distributions, based on the associated method of slope stability analysis. Results are presented for a case study of an Australian open-cut coal mine, with a range of shear strength parameter distributions for coal and interseam cohesive materials considered. Coal and interseam shear strength parameters are varied independently, to determine the effects of each material on the slope Factor of Safety. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.

Design and optimisation of drainage systems for fractured slopes using the XFEM and FEM

- Shaghaghi, Tahereh, Ghadrdan, Mohsen, Tolooiyan, Ali

  • Authors: Shaghaghi, Tahereh , Ghadrdan, Mohsen , Tolooiyan, Ali
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory Vol. 103, no. (2020), p.
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  • Description: The reliable and optimised design of a drainage system for saturated slopes is often a challenging geotechnical task. Such a task becomes even more challenging when a slope contains pre-existing joints and discontinuities. In saturated and semi-saturated conditions, the existence of joints may lead to a complex distribution of pore water pressure within the slope, affecting the effective stress distribution and the stability of the slope. This paper aims to study the effect of horizontal borehole drainage systems with different arrangements on pore water pressure distributions within a saturated fractured slope. In this study, several coupled pore fluid diffusion and stress-strain analyses were conducted using the e-Xtended Finite Element Method (XFEM) in conjunction with the Finite Element Method (FEM) to simulate the efficiency of a drainage system of a deep slope at the second largest open-cut mine in Australia. As one of the objectives of this study, the effect of water flow inside a joint and normal to the joint surface (normal flow) is considered as an essential simulation component. The results show that the pore water pressure distribution at the vicinity of the joint is considerably influenced by the magnitude of normal flow. Such influence should be taken into account when designing a drainage system, as the magnitude of normal flow and the performance of the drainage system may affect each other directly. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.

Dual sufficient characterizations of transversality properties

- Cuong, Nguyen, Kruger, Alexander

  • Authors: Cuong, Nguyen , Kruger, Alexander
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Positivity Vol. 24, no. 5 (2020), p. 1313-1359
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  • Description: This paper continues the study of ‘good arrangements’ of collections of sets near a point in their intersection. Our aim is to develop a general scheme for quantitative analysis of several transversality properties within the same framework. We consider a general nonlinear setting and establish dual (subdifferential and normal cone) sufficient characterizations of transversality properties of collections of sets in Banach/Asplund spaces. Besides quantitative estimates for the rates/moduli of the corresponding properties, we establish here also estimates for the other parameters involved in the definitions, particularly the size of the neighbourhood where a property holds. Interpretations of the main general nonlinear characterizations for the case of Hölder transversality are provided. Some characterizations are new even in the linear setting. As an application, we provide dual sufficient conditions for nonlinear extensions of the new transversality properties of a set-valued mapping to a set in the range space due to Ioffe. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
  • Description: The research was supported by the Australian Research Council, Project DP160100854, and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sk

Early-stage reciprocity in sustainable scientific collaboration

- Wang, Wei, Ren, Jing, Alrashoud, Mubarak, Xia, Feng, Mao, Mengyi, Tolba, Amr

  • Authors: Wang, Wei , Ren, Jing , Alrashoud, Mubarak , Xia, Feng , Mao, Mengyi , Tolba, Amr
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Informetrics Vol. 14, no. 3 (2020), p.
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  • Description: Scientific collaboration is of significant importance in tackling grand challenges and breeding innovations. Despite the increasing interest in investigating and promoting scientific collaborations, we know little about the collaboration sustainability as well as mechanisms behind it. In this paper, we set out to study the relationships between early-stage reciprocity and collaboration sustainability. By proposing and defining h-index reciprocity, we give a comprehensive statistical analysis on how reciprocity influences scientific collaboration sustainability, and find that scholars are not altruism and the key to sustainable collaboration is fairness. The unfair h-index reciprocity has an obvious negative impact on collaboration sustainability. The bigger the reciprocity difference, the less sustainable in collaboration. This work facilitates understanding sustainable collaborations and thus will benefit both individual scholar in optimizing collaboration strategies and the whole academic society in improving teamwork efficiency. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd.
  • Description: The authors extend their appreciation to the International Scientific Partnership Program ISPP at King Saud University for funding this research work through ISPP-78. This work is partially supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation ( 2019M651115 ).

Effect of rock mass permeability and rock fracture leak-off coefficient on the pore water pressure distribution in a fractured slope

- Shaghaghi, Tahereh, Ghadrdan, Mohsen, Tolooiyan, Ali

  • Authors: Shaghaghi, Tahereh , Ghadrdan, Mohsen , Tolooiyan, Ali
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory Vol. 105, no. (2020), p. 1-13
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  • Description: The reliable assessment of the stability of saturated slopes becomes a challenging task when slopes are consisting of discontinuous materials and containing pre-existing joints. The discontinuous nature of the slopes' material could increase the overall permeability of the slope, while existing joints facilitate groundwater leakage through the joint surfaces into the slope which subsequently exerts a major impact on deformation and the effective stress distribution. This paper aims to study the Pore Water Pressure (PWP) distribution changes in a saturated fractured slope by conducting advanced coupled pore fluid diffusion and stress-strain analyses, while investigating the sensitivity of results to the variation of permeability and leakage properties of fracture surfaces. Modelling of jointed slopes is carried out using the e-Xtended Finite Element Method (XFEM) in conjunction with the Finite Element Method (FEM). In this study, the fluid flow inside the joint is the major focus at which the constitutive response of the fluid inside the joint considers both tangential and normal flows. To demonstrate the state-of-the-art simulation technique presented in this paper, simulation of a fractured slope at the second largest open-pit mine in Australia is performed as a case study. This study shows the effect of a variable leak-off coefficient of the joint surfaces and the permeability magnitude on the pore water pressure distribution.
  • Description: This research has been supported financially by the Earth Resources Regulation of the Victorian State Government Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources. The first and second authors are funded by the GHERG LV Batter Stability Project Scholarship and Faculty Tuition Scholarship of Federation University Australia.

Effects of a proper feature selection on prediction and optimization of drilling rate using intelligent techniques

- Liao, Xiufeng, Khandelwal, Manoj, Yang, Haiqing, Koopialipoor, Mohammadreza, Murlidhar, Bhatawdekar

  • Authors: Liao, Xiufeng , Khandelwal, Manoj , Yang, Haiqing , Koopialipoor, Mohammadreza , Murlidhar, Bhatawdekar
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Engineering with Computers Vol. 36, no. 2 (Apr 2020), p. 499-510
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  • Description: One of the important factors during drilling times is the rate of penetration (ROP), which is controlled based on different variables. Factors affecting different drillings are of paramount importance. In the current research, an attempt was made to better recognize drilling parameters and optimize them based on an optimization algorithm. For this purpose, 618 data sets, including RPM, flushing media, and compressive strength parameters, were measured and collected. After an initial investigation, the compressive strength feature of samples, which is an important parameter from the rocks, was used as a proper criterion for classification. Then using intelligent systems, three different levels of the rock strength and all data were modeled. The results showed that systems which were classified based on compressive strength showed a better performance for ROP assessment due to the proximity of features. Therefore, these three levels were used for classification. A new artificial bee colony algorithm was used to solve this problem. Optimizations were applied to the selected models under different optimization conditions, and optimal states were determined. As determining drilling machine parameters is important, these parameters were determined based on optimal conditions. The obtained results showed that this intelligent system can well improve drilling conditions and increase the ROP value for three strength levels of the rocks. This modeling system can be used in different drilling operations.

How health care organizations approach social media measurement: Qualitative study

- Ukoha, Chukwuma

  • Authors: Ukoha, Chukwuma
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: JMIR Formative Research Vol. 4, no. 8 (2020), p.
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  • Description: Background: Many health care organizations use social media to support a variety of activities. To ensure continuous improvement in social media performance, health care organizations must measure their social media. Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore how health care organizations approach social media measurement and to elucidate the tools they employ. Methods: In this exploratory qualitative research, Australian health care organizations that use social media, varying in size and locality, were invited to participate in the study. Data were collected through semistructured interviews, and the transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: The study identified health care organizations' approaches to social media measurement. While some measured their social media frequently, others used infrequent measurements, and a few did not measure theirs at all. Those that measured their social media used one or a combination of the following yardsticks: personal benchmarking, peer benchmarking, and metric benchmarking. The metrics tracked included one or more of the following: reach, engagement, and conversion rates. The tools employed to measure social media were either inbuilt or add-on analytics tools. Although many participants showed great interest in measuring their social media, they still had some unanswered questions. Conclusions: The lack of a consensus approach to measurement suggests that, unlike other industries, social media measurement in health care settings is at a nascent stage. There is a need to improve knowledge, sophistication, and integration of social media strategy through the application of theoretical and analytical knowledge to help resolve the current challenge of effective social media measurement. This study calls for social media training in health care organizations. Such training must focus on how to use relevant tools and how to measure their use effectively.

On the Aubin property of solution maps to parameterized variational systems with implicit constraints

- Gfrerer, Helmut, Outrata, Jiri

  • Authors: Gfrerer, Helmut , Outrata, Jiri
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Optimization Vol. 69, no. 7-8 (2020), p. 1681-1701
  • Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP160100854
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  • Description: In the paper, a new sufficient condition for the Aubin property to a class of parameterized variational systems is derived. In these systems, the constraints depend both on the parameter as well as on the decision variable itself and they include, e.g. parameter-dependent quasi-variational inequalities and implicit complementarity problems. The result is based on a general condition ensuring the Aubin property of implicitly defined multifunctions which employs the recently introduced notion of the directional limiting coderivative. Our final condition can be verified, however, without an explicit computation of these coderivatives. The procedure is illustrated by an example. © 2019, © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
  • Description: The research of the first author was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) under grant P29190-N32. The research of the second author was supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic, Project 17-04301S and the Australian Research Council, Project 10.13039/501100000923DP160100854.

Orthogonality in locally convex spaces: Two nonlinear generalizations of Neumann's lemma

- Barbagallo, Annamaria, Ernst, Octavian-Emil, Théra, Michel

Refining the partition for multifold conic optimization problems

- Ramirez, Hector, Roshchina, Vera

  • Authors: Ramirez, Hector , Roshchina, Vera
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Optimization Vol. 69, no. 11 (2020), p. 2489-2507
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  • Description: In this paper, we give a unified treatment of two different definitions of complementarity partition of multifold conic programs introduced independently in Bonnans and Ramirez [Perturbation analysis of second-order cone programming problems, Math Program. 2005;104(2-30):205-227] for conic optimization problems, and in Pena and Roshchina [A complementarity partition theorem for multifold conic systems, Math Program. 2013;142(1-2):579-589] for homogeneous feasibility problems. We show that both can be treated within the same unified geometric framework and extend the latter notion to optimization problems. We also show that the two partitions do not coincide, and their intersection gives a seven-set index partition. Finally, we demonstrate that the partitions are preserved under the application of nonsingular linear transformations, and in particular, that a standard conversion of a second-order cone program into a semidefinite programming problem preserves the partitions.
  • Description: This research was partially supported by ANID (Chile) under REDES project number 180032 and by the Australian Research Council grant DE150100240. The second author was supported by FONDECYT (Fondo de Fomento al Desarrollo Cientifico y Tecnologico) regular projects 1160204 and 1201982, and Basal Program CMM-AFB 170001 (Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica), all from ANID (Chile).

Statistical analysis the characteristics of extraordinarily severe coal mine accidents (ESCMAs) in China from 1950 to 2018

- Zhang, Jinjia, Xu, Kaili, Reniers, Genserik, You, Guanlin

  • Authors: Zhang, Jinjia , Xu, Kaili , Reniers, Genserik , You, Guanlin
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Process Safety and Environmental Protection Vol. 133, no. (2020), p. 332-340
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  • Description: Extraordinarily severe coal mine accidents (ESCMAs) are characteristized by thirty fatalities or more in one accident. In this paper, such ESCMAs are analyzed using 188 cases which occurred in Chinese underground coal mines. The analysis shows that the number of ESCMAs and the death toll have decreased steadily over time. Gas explosions, mine water inrushes, and coal dust explosions are the three major types of ESCMAs. Among the causes of ESCMAs, inadequate implementation of safety measures, deliberate violations and electromechanical equipment faults are the three top causes of ESCMAs, accounting for 27.13 %, 21.81 %, and 15.96 % of incidences, respectively. Meanwhile, ESCMAs frequently occur in the heading face, especially gas explosions, mine water inrushes and coal and gas outbursts. Furthermore, ESCMAs reoccur often in certain provinces, such as Shanxi, Henan and Heilongjiang, and mostly during November and December in each year. The results of statistical studies have presented useful information for the prevention of ESCMAs in order to reduce the probability of such disastrous accidents. © 2019 Institution of Chemical Engineers

Tennis influencers : the player effect on social media engagement and demand for tournament attendance

- Chmait, Nader, Westerbeek, Hans, Eime, Rochelle, Robertson, Sam, Sellitto, Carmine, Reid, Machar

  • Authors: Chmait, Nader , Westerbeek, Hans , Eime, Rochelle , Robertson, Sam , Sellitto, Carmine , Reid, Machar
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Telematics and Informatics Vol. 50, no. (2020), p.
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  • Description: Understanding the interest of sports fans in professional tennis has valuable operational and marketing implications for tournament organisers, marketeers, player sponsors and the media. In sports, professional tennis in particular, the player effect on social media user engagement is still elusive. Using data from the 2019 Australian Open grand slam period, the authors examine Adler's (1985) theoretical construct in the context of sports and social media. A social listening tool is used to probe more than 2 million posts and comments mentioning elite male and female tennis players on four major social media channels: Twitter, Facebook, Instagram and YouTube, over the grand slam period. It is shown that the effect of professional tennis players on social media user engagement extends beyond their talent. A selection of players had a strong positive impact on prompting social media activity, even after accounting for factors related to their performance, the tournament rounds in which they were featured and the opponents against whom they played. Furthermore, the connection between social media research and sports economics is considered by examining the relationship between a player's effects on social media engagement and her/his differential influence on demand for tickets at the Australian Tennis Open. The authors further discuss how the social media star influence can be used, in combination with other quantitative measures, to optimise tennis tournament scheduling, determine player appearance fees and lift participation in the sport. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd

The effects of the no-touch gap on the no-touch bipolar radiofrequency ablation treatment of liver cancer : a numerical study using a two compartment model

- Yap, Shelley, Cheong, Jason, Foo, Ji, Ooi, Ean Tat, Ooi, Ean H.

  • Authors: Yap, Shelley , Cheong, Jason , Foo, Ji , Ooi, Ean Tat , Ooi, Ean H.
  • Date: 2020
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Applied Mathematical Modelling Vol. 78, no. (2020), p. 134-147
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  • Description: The no-touch bipolar radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for cancer treatment is advantageous primarily because of its capability to prevent tumour track seeding (TTS). In this technique, the RF probes are placed at a distance (no-touch gap) away from the tumour boundary. Ideally, the RF probes should be placed sufficiently far from the tumour in order to avoid TTS. However, having a gap that is too large can lead to ineffective ablation. This paper investigates how the selection of the no-touch gap can affect the tissue electrical and thermal responses during the no-touch bipolar RFA treatment. Simulations were carried out on a two compartment model using the finite element method. Results obtained indicated that a gap that is too large may lead to incomplete ablation and failure to achieve significant ablation margin. However, keeping the gap to be too small may not be clinically practical. It was suggested that the incomplete ablation and the insufficient ablation margin observed in some of the cases may require the placement of additional probes around the tumour. The present study stresses on the importance of identifying the optimal no-touch gap that can avoid TTS without compromising the treatment outcome. © 2019 Elsevier Inc.

A counterexample to De Pierro's conjecture on the convergence of under-relaxed cyclic projections

- Cominetti, Roberto, Roshchina, Vera, Williamson, Andrew

  • Authors: Cominetti, Roberto , Roshchina, Vera , Williamson, Andrew
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article , acceptedVersion
  • Relation: Optimization Vol. 68, no. 1 (2019), p. 3-12
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  • Description: The convex feasibility problem consists in finding a point in the intersection of a finite family of closed convex sets. When the intersection is empty, a best compromise is to search for a point that minimizes the sum of the squared distances to the sets. In 2001, de Pierro conjectured that the limit cycles generated by the ε-under-relaxed cyclic projection method converge when ε ↓ 0 towards a least squares solution. While the conjecture has been confirmed under fairly general conditions, we show that it is false in general by constructing a system of three compact convex sets in R3 for which the ε-under-relaxed cycles do not converge. © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

A difference of convex optimization algorithm for piecewise linear regression

- Bagirov, Adil, Taheri, Sona, Asadi, Soodabeh