CEOs as entrepreneurs : Performance and CEO turnover in China
- Authors: Lowe, Julian , Pi, Lili
- Date: 2007
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: Paper presented at 4th International AGSE Entrepreneurship Research Exchange: Regional Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 2007, Brisbane Graduate School of Business, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland : 6th-9th February 2007
- Full Text: false
- Description: Principal Topic: This paper is part of a broader study of CEO performance and turnover in China. CEO turnover is usually represented as being determined by firm performance and corporate governance. In addition recent research identifies that CEO’s are recruited to bring a specific skill set to a business, but as the industry context changes, the relevance and hence tenure of these CEOs is reduced Henderson, Miller and Hambrick, 2006). One group of CEOs are those recruited on the basis of their entrepreneurial track record. This research analyses how the interaction between performance and corporate governance characteristics affects the tenure of this group. Methodology/Key Propositions: The research approach is through the development and testing of a model based on the earlier work of Miller (1999), and enhanced by categorization of industry and CEO specific factors. Secondary data is extracted from the National Bureau of Statistics, China, and industry publications that provide commentary on the track record of mobile CEOs. The main proposition is that CEOs with a history of entrepreneurial behaviour, will maintain tenure if their performance continues to reflect the entrepreneurial dimensions that led to their appointment. This relationship will be moderated by measures of corporate governance used in previous work (Pi Lili, Lowe, Zhao, 2005) Results and Implications: The research confirms the impact of governance, industry type and performance on CEO tenure. However it also identifies ’entrepreneurial’ CEOs as an important sub-group for whom the performance criteria appear to be stricter and specifically related to performance factors reflecting their recruitment as entrepreneurs
- Description: 2003005185
Market entry strategy into China by entrepreneurial new venture firms
- Authors: Wan, Stephen , Lowe, Julian
- Date: 2007
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: Paper presented at 4th International AGSE Entrepreneurship Research Exchange : Regional Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 2007, Brisbane Graduate School of Business, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland : 6th-9th February 2007
- Full Text:
- Description: Principal Topic: This paper examines the entry strategy and start-up of a technology based small firm entering the China market through the vehicle of a joint venture company. The research deals with two main issues: - The intersection of the entrepreneurship and internationalization literatures - The specific considerations pertinent to foreign companies operating in China The internationalization of entrepreneurship theory has been the subject of ’special issues’ in the journals Entrepreneurship in Theory and Practice (1996); and Academy of Management Journal (2000). It has its roots in the seminal work of McDougal and Oviatt (1996, 2005). Much of this literature identifies internationalization as an important determinant of performance in SMEs, and emphasizes the specific factors that link entrepreneurial perspectives and the processes of internationalization. Mode of entry choice is dominated by a number of complementary paradigms in the international business literature. These include the ’stage’ or sequential approach proposed by the Uppsala group (Johanson and Widersheim-Paul, 1975); network theory (Chen and Chen, 2002); transaction cost economics (Buckley and Casson 1976); and the resource based view (Peng, 2001). China as an international market, supplier and collaborator has changed radically since 1982, following the Deng reforms. It is now the third largest economy in the world but despite its promise has also proved a problematic partner for Western firms. Since its entry into the WTO there have been significant changes but the culture and practice of doing business in China has proved a problem. This research examines how an SME can participate in this market without incurring very high costs and risks. Methodology/Key Propositions: With some exceptions (Jolly, 1992) the issue of SME entry strategies has not received a great deal of attention in the literature. In addition Mcdougall and Oviatt, (2003) challenge the notion that the theories of market entry that dominate the international business literature are applicable to the smaller firm. Our research approach is two-fold: - An examination of Chinese government statistics to identify the distribution by industry and firm type of FDI by SMEs in China - A case study of a technology based SME that has established a successful joint venture in Northern China. We use the secondary data to examine the conventional (large firm) propositions of the international business literature; we use the case study to examine how the specific entrepreneurial and China element require a modified perspective. Results and Implications: Whilst some research has suggested that internationalization is a problematic strategy for SMEs we find that even in a high risk market like China, these companies have struck up effective but non - conventional organizational forms. The network theory of internationalization seems the dominant paradigm, although our case study introduces some specific considerations that the model had not previously acknowledged.
- Description: 2003005182
- Authors: Wan, Stephen , Lowe, Julian
- Date: 2007
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: Paper presented at 4th International AGSE Entrepreneurship Research Exchange : Regional Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 2007, Brisbane Graduate School of Business, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland : 6th-9th February 2007
- Full Text:
- Description: Principal Topic: This paper examines the entry strategy and start-up of a technology based small firm entering the China market through the vehicle of a joint venture company. The research deals with two main issues: - The intersection of the entrepreneurship and internationalization literatures - The specific considerations pertinent to foreign companies operating in China The internationalization of entrepreneurship theory has been the subject of ’special issues’ in the journals Entrepreneurship in Theory and Practice (1996); and Academy of Management Journal (2000). It has its roots in the seminal work of McDougal and Oviatt (1996, 2005). Much of this literature identifies internationalization as an important determinant of performance in SMEs, and emphasizes the specific factors that link entrepreneurial perspectives and the processes of internationalization. Mode of entry choice is dominated by a number of complementary paradigms in the international business literature. These include the ’stage’ or sequential approach proposed by the Uppsala group (Johanson and Widersheim-Paul, 1975); network theory (Chen and Chen, 2002); transaction cost economics (Buckley and Casson 1976); and the resource based view (Peng, 2001). China as an international market, supplier and collaborator has changed radically since 1982, following the Deng reforms. It is now the third largest economy in the world but despite its promise has also proved a problematic partner for Western firms. Since its entry into the WTO there have been significant changes but the culture and practice of doing business in China has proved a problem. This research examines how an SME can participate in this market without incurring very high costs and risks. Methodology/Key Propositions: With some exceptions (Jolly, 1992) the issue of SME entry strategies has not received a great deal of attention in the literature. In addition Mcdougall and Oviatt, (2003) challenge the notion that the theories of market entry that dominate the international business literature are applicable to the smaller firm. Our research approach is two-fold: - An examination of Chinese government statistics to identify the distribution by industry and firm type of FDI by SMEs in China - A case study of a technology based SME that has established a successful joint venture in Northern China. We use the secondary data to examine the conventional (large firm) propositions of the international business literature; we use the case study to examine how the specific entrepreneurial and China element require a modified perspective. Results and Implications: Whilst some research has suggested that internationalization is a problematic strategy for SMEs we find that even in a high risk market like China, these companies have struck up effective but non - conventional organizational forms. The network theory of internationalization seems the dominant paradigm, although our case study introduces some specific considerations that the model had not previously acknowledged.
- Description: 2003005182
A matter of trust : Networks and entrepreneurs
- Lowe, Julian, Braun, Patrice
- Authors: Lowe, Julian , Braun, Patrice
- Date: 2006
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: Paper presented at Regional Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 2006, Auckland, New Zealand : 8th February, 2006 p. 496-509
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This paper discusses elements of inter-entrepreneurial trust in regional networks and clusters in terms of influencing business processes and economic viability in today’s economy. The message that can be extracted from the literature is that competitive advantage strongly depends on interfirm collaboration and that networks with a high degree of trust lead to entrepreneurship and innovation. The paper highlights two local Victorian network studies, one in the grains industry and one in the tourism industry, and explores trust based relations in these regional networks. Contrasting sectoral results indicate that social network cohesion and trust were found to be present in the grains community but were absent in the tourism community. Borrowing from the economics and leadership literature, it is proposed that trust fosters certain types of inter-entrepreneurial networks. A description of these networks and related policy implications conclude the paper.
- Description: E1
- Description: 2003001805
- Authors: Lowe, Julian , Braun, Patrice
- Date: 2006
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: Paper presented at Regional Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 2006, Auckland, New Zealand : 8th February, 2006 p. 496-509
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This paper discusses elements of inter-entrepreneurial trust in regional networks and clusters in terms of influencing business processes and economic viability in today’s economy. The message that can be extracted from the literature is that competitive advantage strongly depends on interfirm collaboration and that networks with a high degree of trust lead to entrepreneurship and innovation. The paper highlights two local Victorian network studies, one in the grains industry and one in the tourism industry, and explores trust based relations in these regional networks. Contrasting sectoral results indicate that social network cohesion and trust were found to be present in the grains community but were absent in the tourism community. Borrowing from the economics and leadership literature, it is proposed that trust fosters certain types of inter-entrepreneurial networks. A description of these networks and related policy implications conclude the paper.
- Description: E1
- Description: 2003001805
Economic clusters, entrepreneurship and innovation
- McRae-Williams, Pamela, Lowe, Julian, Taylor, Peter
- Authors: McRae-Williams, Pamela , Lowe, Julian , Taylor, Peter
- Date: 2005
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: Paper presented at the 2005 Annual High Technology Small Firms Conference, Melbourne : 10th February, 2005
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: E1
- Description: 2003001177
Growth beyond start-up : Entrepreneurship and firms in transition
- Authors: Lowe, Julian , Henson, Sam
- Date: 2004
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: Paper presented at the AGSE-Babson Entrepreneurship Research Conference, Hawthorne, Australia : 1st February, 2004
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The paper reports on the preliminary stages of a case-based study of regional, highgrowth SMEs. The study explores the actions, activities and processes undertaken by the firms and their start- up entrepreneurs. A framework for growth is proposed, supporting the notion of the growth process as a complex, multidimensional construct. Tentative suggestions are made about the nature of “distributed entrepreneurship” within a small, rapidly growing firm and the issue of regional impacts is also addressed.
- Description: E1
- Description: 2003000814
- Authors: Lowe, Julian , Henson, Sam
- Date: 2004
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: Paper presented at the AGSE-Babson Entrepreneurship Research Conference, Hawthorne, Australia : 1st February, 2004
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The paper reports on the preliminary stages of a case-based study of regional, highgrowth SMEs. The study explores the actions, activities and processes undertaken by the firms and their start- up entrepreneurs. A framework for growth is proposed, supporting the notion of the growth process as a complex, multidimensional construct. Tentative suggestions are made about the nature of “distributed entrepreneurship” within a small, rapidly growing firm and the issue of regional impacts is also addressed.
- Description: E1
- Description: 2003000814
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