List of Titles

"Regardless of age" : Australian university managers' attitudes and practices towards older academics

- Earl, Catherine, Taylor, Philip, Cannizzo, Fabian

Authors: Earl, Catherine , Taylor, Philip , Cannizzo, Fabian
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Work, Aging and Retirement Vol. 4, no. 3 (2018), p. 300-313
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Description: As with other industrialized nations Australia's population is aging and older workers are encouraged to work for longer. At the same time, Australia's university sector, which is aging, is being reconfigured through changes that potentially marginalize its older workers as higher education institutions try to become more competitive in a global market. In this context, youthfulness appears to embody competitiveness and academic institutions are increasingly aspiring to a young workforce profile. This qualitative article builds on previous research to explore to what extent ageist assumptions shape attitudes to older workers and human resource management (HRM) practices within Australian universities even when HRM practitioners are well versed in antidiscrimination legislation that (unlike the Age Discrimination in Employment Act in the United States) applies to workers of all ages. Semistructured interviews conducted with 22 HRM practitioners in Australian universities reveal that university HRM practices generally overlook the value of retaining an older workforce by conflating "potential" with "youthfulness," assuming that staff potential and performance share a negative correlation with age. While mostly lower-ranked institutions have attempted to retain older academics to maintain an adequate labor supply, this study finds that university policies targeting the ongoing utilization of older workers generally are underdeveloped. Consequently, the availability of late career employment arrangements is dependent upon institutions' strategic goals, with favorable ad hoc solutions offered to academics with outstanding performance records, while a rhetoric of performance decline threatens to marginalize older academic researchers and teachers more generally.

"There needs to be something there for people to remember" : Industrial heritage in Newcastle and the Hunter Valley, Australia

- Eklund, Erik

Authors: Eklund, Erik
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Book chapter
Relation: Industrial Heritage and Regional Identities (Routledge Cultural Heritage and Tourism Series) Chapter 8 p. 168-189
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Description: Newcastle is located on the east coast of Australia in the state of New South Wales (NSW). Coal mining began in the early 19th centrury, and from the 1850s encouraged the development of pit-top towns gathered around an increasingly busy river port. Coal mining shifted west into the Hunter Valley where there are still vast amounts of open pit coal production. Mining also encouraged industrial development in engineering, transport and, from 1915, iron and steel production. Deindustrialization in Newcastle dates from the mid-1970s and plant closures accelerated in the 1980s and 1990s as the steel works and other related manufacturing industries closed down.

A 'program of such potential' : The Australian Assistance Plan

- Scott, Joanne, Oppenheimer, Melanie, Eklund, Erik

Authors: Scott, Joanne , Oppenheimer, Melanie , Eklund, Erik
Date: 2018
Type: Book chapter , Text
Relation: The state of welfare : comparative studies of the welfare state at the end of the long boom, 1965-1980 Chapter 5 p. 85-104
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Description: The Australian Assistance Plan (AAP) was an innovative programme of social welfare reform. Foreshadowed in the late 1960s, launched in 1973, and abolished in 1977, it was the subject of substantial commentary during and immediately after its brief existence. Attracting more brickbats than bouquets, the AAP was variously described as ‘a feasible and indeed exciting approach’, ‘the most random of random experiments’, ‘welfare on the cheap’, ‘a confusing program’ and ‘good news’.2 In contrast to other major initiatives of the Whitlam Labor government, it has attracted almost no scholarly analysis since the 1970s.

A chronological history of the school

- Reeves, Mark, Dyson, Michael, Plunkett, Margaret

Authors: Reeves, Mark , Dyson, Michael , Plunkett, Margaret
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Book chapter
Relation: Surviving, thriving and reviving in adolescence : Research and narratives from the school for student leadership Chapter 2 p. 7-25
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Description: This chapter introduces the Alpine School and its original purpose and goals before leading into the story of the historical development of the current School for Student Leadership (SSL). It outlines the extensive political background behind the creation of this unique Victorian school and the search for an appropriate principal. The development of the school from a single campus to the current three campuses is detailed, with photos of each included to illustrate the diverse environmental contexts that are represented. Also presented is an outline of some of the major differences in the curriculum and overall experience that students receive through a term spent at the SSL, compared to that offered via traditional mainstream education. The different learning opportunities resulting from a program that focuses on providing a rite of passage for adolescents and includes experiential learning, reflection and a Community Learning Project are discussed, illustrating the contemporary approach used at the school to meet the cognitive, physical, social and emotional needs of the attending Year 9 students.

A comparative assessment of models to predict monthly rainfall in Australia

- Bagirov, Adil, Mahmood, Arshad

Authors: Bagirov, Adil , Mahmood, Arshad
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Water Resources Management Vol. 32, no. 5 (2018), p. 1777-1794
Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP140103213
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Description: Accurate rainfall prediction is a challenging task. It is especially challenging in Australia where the climate is highly variable. Australia’s climatic zones range from high rainfall tropical regions in the north to the driest desert region in the interior. The performance of prediction models may vary depending on climatic conditions. It is, therefore, important to assess and compare the performance of these models in different climatic zones. This paper examines the performance of data driven models such as the support vector machines for regression, the multiple linear regression, the k-nearest neighbors and the artificial neural networks for monthly rainfall prediction in Australia depending on climatic conditions. Rainfall data with five meteorological variables over the period of 1970–2014 from 24 geographically diverse weather stations are used for this purpose. The prediction performance of each model was evaluated by comparing observed and predicted rainfall using various measures for prediction accuracy. © 2018, Springer Science+Business Media B.V., part of Springer Nature.

A detector of structural similarity for multi-modal microscopic image registration

- Lv, Guohua, Teng, Shyh, Lu, Guojun

Authors: Lv, Guohua , Teng, Shyh , Lu, Guojun
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Multimedia Tools and Applications Vol. 77, no. 6 (2018), p. 7675-7701
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Description: This paper presents a Detector of Structural Similarity (DSS) to minimize the visual differences between brightfield and confocal microscopic images. The context of this work is that it is very challenging to effectively register such images due to a low structural similarity in image contents. To address this issue, DSS aims to maximize the structural similarity by utilizing the intensity relationships among red-green-blue (RGB) channels in images. Technically, DSS can be combined with any multi-modal image registration technique in registering brightfield and confocal microscopic images. Our experimental results show that DSS significantly increases the visual similarity in such images, thereby improving the registration performance of an existing state-of-the-art multi-modal image registration technique by up to approximately 27%. © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media New York.

A lack of aquatic rescue competency : A drowning risk factor for young adults involved in aquatic emergencies

- Petrass, Lauren, Blitvich, Jennifer

Authors: Petrass, Lauren , Blitvich, Jennifer
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Journal of Community Health Vol. 43, no. 4 (2018), p. 688-693
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Description: Drowning is an important public health issue with major impacts on young adults aged 15–24 years, yet little is known about the causal factors for drowning for this group. As young adults recreate with peers in unpatrolled aquatic environments, the capacity to perform effective and efficient rescues seems pivotal. This study examined perceived ability of young adults to perform a rescue; determined the level of aquatic rescue knowledge; and measured the effect of an aquatic rescue intervention. In total, 135 participants completed pre- and post-intervention surveys and rescue practical testing. Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank tests were used to assess significant differences pre- and post-intervention and Mann–Whitney tests used to compare groups. Pre-intervention, participants had a low level of rescue knowledge (Mdn = 50) and the relationship between perceived rescue ability and practical rescue testing was weak (rs = 0.33, p ≤ 0.001). Post-intervention, ability to perform a contact tow demonstrated significant improvement (z = − 9.09, p < 0.001, r = − 0.79) and rescue knowledge also improved significantly (Mdn = 100, z = − 9.42, p < 0.001, r = − 0.81). Many young adults lacked both the physical capacity and knowledge required to safely perform a rescue, a factor that may place them at increased drowning risk if they attempt an aquatic rescue. As a rescue based intervention can significantly improve competency of young adults regardless of previous experience and/or qualifications, research needs to consider how best these competencies can be promoted and/or developed with this high risk group.

A narrative account of the research journey

- Dyson, Michael, Plunkett, Margaret

Authors: Dyson, Michael , Plunkett, Margaret
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Book chapter
Relation: Surviving, thriving and reviving in adolescence : Research and narratives from the school for student leadership Chapter 3 p. 27-42
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Description: This narrative chapter unravels the story of the research journey undertaken over the last 16 years as part of a partnership between the Alpine School/School for Student Leadership and staff from Monash University’s Gippsland campus, which later became part of Federation University, Australia. It has been written in a narrative style to provide a conceptual context for discussing some of the major research insights from this partnership, including the significance of a ‘Landscape of Transformation’ as an overarching framework that has emerged from this longitudinal study. An outline of the research directions, and the associated teams who have been involved, is clarified. Also presented is a full listing of publications and reports associated with the research, with a focus on some of the key findings which are covered in more detail in later chapters.

A novel error indicator and an adaptive refinement technique using the scaled boundary finite element method

- Song, Chongmin, Ooi, Ean Tat, Pramod, Aladurthi, Natarajan, Sundararajan

Authors: Song, Chongmin , Ooi, Ean Tat , Pramod, Aladurthi , Natarajan, Sundararajan
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements Vol. 94, no. (2018), p. 10-24
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Description: In this paper, an adaptive refinement strategy based on the scaled boundary finite element method on quadtree meshes for linear elasticity problems is discussed. Within this framework, the elements with hanging nodes are treated as polygonal elements and thus does not require special treatment. The adaptive refinement is supplemented with a novel error indicator. The local error is estimated directly from the solution of the scaled boundary governing equations. The salient feature is that it does not require any stress recovery techniques. The efficacy and the robustness of the proposed approach are demonstrated with a few numerical examples.

A novel no-reference subjective quality metric for free viewpoint video using human eye movement

- Podder, Pallab, Paul, Manoranjan, Murshed, Manzur

Authors: Podder, Pallab , Paul, Manoranjan , Murshed, Manzur
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Conference proceedings , Conference Paper
Relation: 8th Pacific-Rim Symposium on Image and Video Technology, PSIVT 2017; Wuhan, China; 20th-24th November 2017; published in Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) Vol. 10749 LNCS, p. 237-251
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Description: The free viewpoint video (FVV) allows users to interactively control the viewpoint and generate new views of a dynamic scene from any 3D position for better 3D visual experience with depth perception. Multiview video coding exploits both texture and depth video information from various angles to encode a number of views to facilitate FVV. The usual practice for the single view or multiview quality assessment is characterized by evolving the objective quality assessment metrics due to their simplicity and real time applications such as the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) or the structural similarity index (SSIM). However, the PSNR or SSIM requires reference image for quality evaluation and could not be successfully employed in FVV as the new view in FVV does not have any reference view to compare with. Conversely, the widely used subjective estimator- mean opinion score (MOS) is often biased by the testing environment, viewers mode, domain knowledge, and many other factors that may actively influence on actual assessment. To address this limitation, in this work, we devise a no-reference subjective quality assessment metric by simply exploiting the pattern of human eye browsing on FVV. Over different quality contents of FVV, the participants eye-tracker recorded spatio-temporal gaze-data indicate more concentrated eye-traversing approach for relatively better quality. Thus, we calculate the Length, Angle, Pupil-size, and Gaze-duration features from the recorded gaze trajectory. The content and resolution invariant operation is carried out prior to synthesizing them using an adaptive weighted function to develop a new quality metric using eye traversal (QMET). Tested results reveal that the proposed QMET performs better than the SSIM and MOS in terms of assessing different aspects of coded video quality for a wide range of FVV contents.
Description: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)

A novel scaled boundary finite element formulation with stabilization and its application to image-based elastoplastic analysis

- He, Ke, Song, Chongmin, Ooi, Ean Tat

Authors: He, Ke , Song, Chongmin , Ooi, Ean Tat
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering Vol. 115, no. 8 (2018), p. 956-985
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Description: Digital images are increasingly being used as input data for computational analyses. This study presents an efficient numerical technique to perform image-based elastoplastic analysis of materials and structures. The quadtree decomposition algorithm is employed for image-based mesh generation, which is fully automatic and highly efficient. The quadtree cells are modeled by scaled boundary polytope elements, which eliminate the issue of hanging nodes faced by standard finite elements. A novel, simple, and efficient scaled boundary elastoplastic formulation with stablisation is developed. In this formulation, the return-mapping calculation is only required to be performed at a single point in a polytope element, which facilitates the computational efficiency of the elastoplastic analysis and simplicity of implementation. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed technique for performing the elastoplastic analysis of high-resolution images.

A potentially important role for T cells and regulatory T cells in Langerhans cell histiocytosis

- Mitchell, Jenne, Berzins, Stuart, Kannourakis, George

Authors: Mitchell, Jenne , Berzins, Stuart , Kannourakis, George
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Clinical Immunology Vol. 194, no. (2018), p. 19-25
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Description: Langerhans cell histiocytosis is characterized by lesions containing inflammatory immune cells, including myeloid cells and T cells. Patient mortality remains unacceptably high and new treatment options are required. Several LCH studies have identified aberrant frequencies of T cell subsets with potential immune regulatory properties. High numbers of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells and gamma-delta T cells have been reported in patients with LCH, although, the cause of their presence or their significance is not yet clear. This review describes the current understanding of how LCH develops and progresses, focusing on the growing evidence that regulatory T cell subsets may be important and discussing the exciting potential for harnessing these cells to treat LCH using immune based therapies.

A quadtree-polygon-based scaled boundary finite element method for crack propagation modeling in functionally graded materials

- Chen, Xiaojun, Luo, Tao, Ooi, Ean Tat, Ooi, Ean Hin, Song, Chongmin

Authors: Chen, Xiaojun , Luo, Tao , Ooi, Ean Tat , Ooi, Ean Hin , Song, Chongmin
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics Vol. 94, no. (2018), p. 120-133
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Description: This paper presents a method to improve the computational efficiency of the scaled boundary finite element formulation for functionally graded materials. Both isotropic and orthotropic functionally graded materials are considered. This is achieved using a combination of quadtree and polygon meshes. This hybrid meshing approach is particularly suitable to be used with the SBFEM for functionally graded materials because of the significant amount of calculations required to compute the stiffness matrices of the polygons/cells in the mesh. When a quadtree structure is adopted, most of the variables required for the numerical simulation can be pre-computed and stored in the memory, retrieved and scaled as required during the computations, leading to an efficient method for crack propagation modeling. The scaled boundary finite element formulation enables accurate computation of the stress intensity factors directly from the stress solutions without any special post-processing techniques or local mesh refinement in the vicinity of the crack tip. Numerical benchmarks demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method as opposed to using a purely polygon-mesh based approach. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd

A review of early Indigenous artefacts incorporating bird materials in the Lower Murray River region, South Australia

- Clarke, Philip

Authors: Clarke, Philip
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia Vol. 142, no. 1 (2018), p. 27-48
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Description: This paper is a literature review of the use of birds in the Indigenous material culture of the Lower Murray River region in temperate South Australia, as observed in the early years of British colonisation. This record is augmented with additional data from fieldwork in the 1980s and early 1990s. It was found that Aboriginal people in this region made artefacts incorporating avian materials based upon their perceived physical and cultural properties. Analysis of material culture with respect to birds contributes to the understanding of Aboriginal use and perception of the Australian landscape. © 2018 Royal Society of South Australia.

A technology review for regeneration of sulfur rich amine systems

- Garg, Bharti, Verheyen, Vincent, Pearson, Pauline, Feron, Paul, Cousins, Ashleigh

Authors: Garg, Bharti , Verheyen, Vincent , Pearson, Pauline , Feron, Paul , Cousins, Ashleigh
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Vol. 75, no. (2018), p. 243-253
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Description: Reducing the capital cost of post combustion CO2 capture by eliminating flue gas desulfurisation (FGD) pre-treatment, requires management of the amines preferential SO2 absorption. Novel technologies such as CS-Cap restrict the impact of SO2 to only a small fraction of the amine inventory resulting in high sulfate burden amines. Traditional thermal reclamation of these spent absorbents has advantages regarding simplicity, but ranks poorly for industrial ecology around PCC. These amines require low energy regeneration technologies compatible with their physico-chemical properties that also maximise the potential for valorising by-products. This review summarises the sulfur chemistry and outlines several amine reclamation processes. It assesses the status of established and novel regeneration technologies for their applicability to high sulfur loaded amines. Should deep sulfur removal be required, a hybrid approach with initial bulk removal (as product) followed by a polishing step to further reduce sulfur is prospective. A preliminary estimation of the relative cost of using standard reclamation methods for treating Sulfur loaded CS-Cap absorbent revealed the cost would increase due to its higher sulfate burden despite comparable treatment volumes. Research gaps are identified which would enable better comparison between the costs of traditional FGD versus higher reclamation costs for combined capture technologies.

A theoretical approach to resolving the psychometric problems associated with the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory : Results from the USA, Australia, Slovenia, and the United Kingdom

- Worrell, Frank, Temple, Elizabeth, McKay, Michael, Zivkovic, Urska, Perry, John, Mello, Zena, Musil, Bojan, Cole, Jonathan

Authors: Worrell, Frank , Temple, Elizabeth , McKay, Michael , Zivkovic, Urska , Perry, John , Mello, Zena , Musil, Bojan , Cole, Jonathan
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: European Journal of Psychological Assessment Vol. 34, no. 1 (2018), p. 41-51
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Description: The Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI; Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999) assesses five time-related constructs - Past Negative (PN), Past Positive (PP), Present Fatalistic (PF), Present Hedonistic (PF), and Future (F) - and is one of the most frequently used time measures in the extant literature. Versions of the ZTPI have been translated into a variety of languages, but the psychometric support for ZTPI scores remains contested. We examined the internal consistency, structural validity, and convergent validity of scores on a version of the ZTPI that consisted only of items that specifically referenced time constructs, the ZTPI-TP. Participants consisted of five samples of adolescents and adults from four countries: Australia (653 adults), Slovenia (425 adolescents and adults), the United Kingdom (913 adolescents; 455 adults), and the United States (815 adolescents). Structural validity analyses provided stronger support for ZTPI-TP scores than for ZTPI scores, and convergent validity evidence also provided support for ZTPI-TP scores. However, analyses revealed that the PF and PH factors were still problematic, especially with regard to factor coefficients and internal consistency estimates. We concluded that the ZTPI-TP can form the basis for a more robust version of the ZTPI.

Aboriginal biocultural knowledge in South-eastern Australia : Perspectives of early colonists

- Cahir, David (Fred), Clark, Ian, Clarke, Philip

Authors: Cahir, David (Fred) , Clark, Ian , Clarke, Philip
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Book
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Description: Indigenous Australians have long understood sustainable hunting and harvesting, seasonal changes in flora and fauna, predator-prey relationships and imbalances, and seasonal fire management. Yet the extent of their knowledge and expertise has been largely unknown and under-appreciated by non-Aboriginal colonists, especially in the south-east of Australia where Aboriginal culture was severely fractured. Aboriginal Biocultural Knowledge in South-eastern Australia is the first book to examine historical records from early colonists who interacted with south-eastern Australian Aboriginal communities and documented their understanding of the environment, natural resources such as water and plant and animal foods, medicine and other aspects of their material world. This book provides a compelling case for the importance of understanding Indigenous knowledge, to inform discussions around climate change, biodiversity, resource management, health and education. It will be a valuable reference for natural resource management agencies, academics in Indigenous studies and anyone interested in Aboriginal culture and knowledge.

About extensions of the extremal principle

- Bui, Hoa, Kruger, Alexander

Authors: Bui, Hoa , Kruger, Alexander
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Vietnam Journal of Mathematics Vol. 46, no. 2 (2018), p. 215-242
Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP160100854
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Description: In this paper, after recalling and discussing the conventional extremality, local extremality, stationarity and approximate stationarity properties of collections of sets, and the corresponding (extended) extremal principle, we focus on extensions of these properties and the corresponding dual conditions with the goal to refine the main arguments used in this type of results, clarify the relationships between different extensions, and expand the applicability of the generalized separation results. We introduce and study new more universal concepts of relative extremality and stationarity and formulate the relative extended extremal principle. Among other things, certain stability of the relative approximate stationarity is proved. Some links are established between the relative extremality and stationarity properties of collections of sets and (the absence of) certain regularity, lower semicontinuity, and Lipschitz-like properties of set-valued mappings. © 2018, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) and Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Addressing food insecurity in Papua New Guinea through food safety and sago cropping

- Pue, Aisak, Fletcher, Mary, Blaney, Barry, Greenhill, Andrew, Warner, Jeffrey, Latifa, Atagazli, Ng, Jack

Authors: Pue, Aisak , Fletcher, Mary , Blaney, Barry , Greenhill, Andrew , Warner, Jeffrey , Latifa, Atagazli , Ng, Jack
Date: 2018
Type: Text , Book chapter
Relation: Sago Palm: Multiple Contributions to Food Security and Sustainable Livelihoods 9 p. 123-137
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Description: Papua New Guinea (PNG) is known to have a large resource base of sago with over 1 million ha, as well as a high number of germplasm types of the Metroxylon species. The country’s food security status is very low and is primarily dependent on subsistence fresh garden produce as practiced by 85% of the population who are rural dwellers. Postharvest losses can be as high as 40% with little to no postharvest technology nor processing of foods done. Sago provides well for food security and sustains life in rural communities during disasters such as droughts, floods, and cyclones. The dilemma of sago being an underutilized crop in PNG is exacerbated by the introduction of new food crops, cash crops, and limited accessibility to cash to purchase other foods. Over the last 50 years, sago consumption has diminished as one of the major traditional food staples, from 16% to less than 10%. Neglect of sago is further due to food safety concerns about traditionally processed sago, in particular, the risk from sago hemolytic disease (SHD). For over 30 years, SHD has been a food safety issue since it was first reported in 1973. Investigations on SHD highlight the serious need to improve on the hygiene and sanitation of the traditional postharvest processing and storage methods of sago starch in PNG. A set of hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) protocols has been developed for traditional processing of sago as a food safety measure to improve food safety for food security. While commercial cultivation is nonexistent, there is increased planting of the larger hapaxanthic, non-soboliferous sago species, Metroxylon salomonense Becc., in some nontraditional sago-consuming areas as a low-cost raw material source for roof thatching and other building materials. It is however a wasted opportunity for food security in these areas as the starch from the palm is not utilized. Current work in these areas promotes sago as a potential food source that can be harvested or processed into flour. This is to improve the food security status in areas of high population density, like island communities where land is scarce.

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