- Tomaszewski, Maciej, Charchar, Fadi, Barnes, Timothy, Gawron-Kiszka, Magdalena, Sedkowska, Agnieszka, Grzeszczak, Wladyslaw, Samani, Nilesh, Zukowska-Szczechowska, Ewa
- Authors: Tomaszewski, Maciej , Charchar, Fadi , Barnes, Timothy , Gawron-Kiszka, Magdalena , Sedkowska, Agnieszka , Grzeszczak, Wladyslaw , Samani, Nilesh , Zukowska-Szczechowska, Ewa
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Hypertension Vol. 52, no. 4 (Oct 2008), p. E129-E129
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: C1
- Tomaszewski, Maciej, Charchar, Fadi, Barnes, Timothy, Gawron-Kiszka, Magdalena, Sedkowska, Agnieszka, Podolecka, Ewa, Kowalczyk, Jacek, Rathbone, Wendy, Kalarus, Zbigniew, Grzeszczak, Wladyslaw, Goodall, Alison, Samani, Nilesh, Zukowska-Szczechowska, Ewa
- Authors: Tomaszewski, Maciej , Charchar, Fadi , Barnes, Timothy , Gawron-Kiszka, Magdalena , Sedkowska, Agnieszka , Podolecka, Ewa , Kowalczyk, Jacek , Rathbone, Wendy , Kalarus, Zbigniew , Grzeszczak, Wladyslaw , Goodall, Alison , Samani, Nilesh , Zukowska-Szczechowska, Ewa
- Date: 2009
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Vol. 29, no. 9 (2009), p. 1316-1321
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objective-A rare mutation in low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 gene (LRP6) was identified as the primary molecular defect underlying monogenic form of coronary artery disease. We hypothesized that common variants in LRP6 could predispose subjects to elevated LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C). Methods and Results-Twelve common ( minor allele frequency >= 0.1) single nucleotide polymorphisms in LRP6 were genotyped in 703 individuals from 213 Polish pedigrees (Silesian Cardiovascular Study families). The family-based analysis revealed that the minor allele of rs10845493 clustered with elevated LDL-C in offspring more frequently than expected by chance (P=0.0053). The quantitative analysis restricted to subjects free of lipid-lowering treatment confirmed the association between rs10845493 and age-, sex-, and BMI-adjusted circulating levels of LDL-C in families as well as 2 additional populations - 218 unrelated subjects from Silesian Cardiovascular Study replication panel and 1138 individuals from Young Men Cardiovascular Association cohort (P=0.0268, P=0.0476, and P=0.0472, respectively). In the inverse variance weighted meta-analysis of the 3 populations each extra minor allele copy of rs10845493 was associated with 0.14 mmol/L increase in age-, sex-, and BMI-adjusted LDL-C (SE=0.05, P=0.0038). Conclusions-Common polymorphism in the gene underlying monogenic form of coronary artery disease impacts on risk of LDL-C elevation. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2009;29:1316-1321.)
Signatures of miR-181a on the renal transcriptome and blood pressure
- Marques, Francine, Romaine, Simon, Denniff, Matthew, Eales, James, Dormer, John, Garrelds, Ingrid, Wojnar, Lukasz, Musialik, Katarzyna, Duda-Raszewska, Barbara, Kiszka, Bartlomiej, Duda, Magdalena, Morris, Brian, Samani, Nilesh, Jan Danser, Jan, Bogdanski, Pawel, Zukowska-Szczechowska, Ewa, Charchar, Fadi, Tomaszewski, Maciej
- Authors: Marques, Francine , Romaine, Simon , Denniff, Matthew , Eales, James , Dormer, John , Garrelds, Ingrid , Wojnar, Lukasz , Musialik, Katarzyna , Duda-Raszewska, Barbara , Kiszka, Bartlomiej , Duda, Magdalena , Morris, Brian , Samani, Nilesh , Jan Danser, Jan , Bogdanski, Pawel , Zukowska-Szczechowska, Ewa , Charchar, Fadi , Tomaszewski, Maciej
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Molecular Medicine Vol. 21, no. (2015), p. 739-748
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: MicroRNA-181a binds to the 3’ untranslated region of messenger RNA (mRNA) for renin, a rate-limiting enzyme of the renin-angiotensin system. Our objective was to determine whether this molecular interaction translates into a clinically meaningful effect on blood pressure and whether circulating miR-181a is a measurable proxy of blood pressure. In 200 human kidneys from the TRANScriptome of renaL humAn TissuE (TRANSLATE) study, renal miR-181a was the sole negative predictor of renin mRNA and a strong correlate of circulating miR-181a. Elevated miR-181a levels correlated positively with systolic and diastolic blood pressure in TRANSLATE, and this association was independent of circulating renin. The association between serum miR-181a and systolic blood pressure was replicated in 199 subjects from the Genetic Regulation of Arterial Pressure of Humans In the Community (GRAPHIC) study. Renal immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization showed that colocalization of miR-181a and renin was most prominent in collecting ducts where renin is not released into the systemic circulation. Analysis of 69 human kidneys characterized by RNA sequencing revealed that miR-181a was associated with downregulation of four mitochondrial pathways and upregulation of 41 signaling cascades of adaptive immunity and inflammation. We conclude that renal miR-181a has pleiotropic effects on pathways relevant to blood pressure regulation and that circulating levels of miR-181a are both a measurable proxy of renal miR-181a expression and a novel biochemical correlate of blood pressure.
Xenopus LAP2β protein knockdown affects location of lamin B and nucleoporins and has effect on assembly of cell nucleus and cell viability
- Dubińska-Magiera, M., Chmielewska, M., Kozioł, K., Machowska, M., Hutchison, C. J., Goldberg, M. W., Rzepecki, R.
- Authors: Dubińska-Magiera, M. , Chmielewska, M. , Kozioł, K. , Machowska, M. , Hutchison, C. J. , Goldberg, M. W. , Rzepecki, R.
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Protoplasma Vol. 253, no. 3 (2016), p. 943-956
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Xenopus LAP2β protein is the single isoform expressed in XTC cells. The protein localizes on heterochromatin clusters both at the nuclear envelope and inside a cell nucleus. The majority of XLAP2β fraction neither colocalizes with TPX2 protein during interphase nor can be immunoprecipitated with XLAP2β antibody. Knockdown of the XLAP2β protein expression in XTC cells by synthetic siRNA and plasmid encoded siRNA resulted in nuclear abnormalities including changes in shape of nuclei, abnormal chromatin structure, loss of nuclear envelope, mislocalization of integral membrane proteins of INM such as lamin B2, mislocalization of nucleoporins, and cell death. Based on timing of cell death, we suggest mechanism associated with nucleus reassembly or with entry into mitosis. This confirms that Xenopus LAP2 protein is essential for the maintenance of cell nucleus integrity and the process of its reassembly after mitosis. © 2015, The Author(s).
- Authors: Dubińska-Magiera, M. , Chmielewska, M. , Kozioł, K. , Machowska, M. , Hutchison, C. J. , Goldberg, M. W. , Rzepecki, R.
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Protoplasma Vol. 253, no. 3 (2016), p. 943-956
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Xenopus LAP2β protein is the single isoform expressed in XTC cells. The protein localizes on heterochromatin clusters both at the nuclear envelope and inside a cell nucleus. The majority of XLAP2β fraction neither colocalizes with TPX2 protein during interphase nor can be immunoprecipitated with XLAP2β antibody. Knockdown of the XLAP2β protein expression in XTC cells by synthetic siRNA and plasmid encoded siRNA resulted in nuclear abnormalities including changes in shape of nuclei, abnormal chromatin structure, loss of nuclear envelope, mislocalization of integral membrane proteins of INM such as lamin B2, mislocalization of nucleoporins, and cell death. Based on timing of cell death, we suggest mechanism associated with nucleus reassembly or with entry into mitosis. This confirms that Xenopus LAP2 protein is essential for the maintenance of cell nucleus integrity and the process of its reassembly after mitosis. © 2015, The Author(s).
An overview of long covid support services in australia and international clinical guidelines, with a proposed care model in a global context
- Luo, Shiqi, Zheng, Zhen, Bird, Stephen, Plebanski, Magdalena, Figueiredo, Bernardo, Jessup, Rebecca, Stelmach, Wanda, Robinson, Jennifer, Xenos, Sophia, Olasoji, Micheal, Wan, Dawn, Sheahan, Jacob, Itsiopoulos, Catherine
- Authors: Luo, Shiqi , Zheng, Zhen , Bird, Stephen , Plebanski, Magdalena , Figueiredo, Bernardo , Jessup, Rebecca , Stelmach, Wanda , Robinson, Jennifer , Xenos, Sophia , Olasoji, Micheal , Wan, Dawn , Sheahan, Jacob , Itsiopoulos, Catherine
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Public Health Reviews Vol. 44, no. (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objective: To identify gaps among Australian Long COVID support services and guidelines alongside recommendations for future health programs. Methods: Electronic databases and seven government health websites were searched for Long COVID-specific programs or clinics available in Australia as well as international and Australian management guidelines. Results: Five Long COVID specific guidelines and sixteen Australian services were reviewed. The majority of Australian services provided multidisciplinary rehabilitation programs with service models generally consistent with international and national guidelines. Most services included physiotherapists and psychologists. While early investigation at week 4 after contraction of COVID-19 is recommended by the Australian, UK and US guidelines, this was not consistently implemented. Conclusion: Besides Long COVID clinics, future solutions should focus on early identification that can be delivered by General Practitioners and all credentialed allied health professions. Study findings highlight an urgent need for innovative care models that address individual patient needs at an affordable cost. We propose a model that focuses on patient-led self-care with further enhancement via multi-disciplinary care tools. Copyright © 2023 Luo, Zheng, Bird, Plebanski, Figueiredo, Jessup, Stelmach, Robinson, Xenos, Olasoji, Wan, Sheahan and Itsiopoulos.
- Authors: Luo, Shiqi , Zheng, Zhen , Bird, Stephen , Plebanski, Magdalena , Figueiredo, Bernardo , Jessup, Rebecca , Stelmach, Wanda , Robinson, Jennifer , Xenos, Sophia , Olasoji, Micheal , Wan, Dawn , Sheahan, Jacob , Itsiopoulos, Catherine
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Public Health Reviews Vol. 44, no. (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objective: To identify gaps among Australian Long COVID support services and guidelines alongside recommendations for future health programs. Methods: Electronic databases and seven government health websites were searched for Long COVID-specific programs or clinics available in Australia as well as international and Australian management guidelines. Results: Five Long COVID specific guidelines and sixteen Australian services were reviewed. The majority of Australian services provided multidisciplinary rehabilitation programs with service models generally consistent with international and national guidelines. Most services included physiotherapists and psychologists. While early investigation at week 4 after contraction of COVID-19 is recommended by the Australian, UK and US guidelines, this was not consistently implemented. Conclusion: Besides Long COVID clinics, future solutions should focus on early identification that can be delivered by General Practitioners and all credentialed allied health professions. Study findings highlight an urgent need for innovative care models that address individual patient needs at an affordable cost. We propose a model that focuses on patient-led self-care with further enhancement via multi-disciplinary care tools. Copyright © 2023 Luo, Zheng, Bird, Plebanski, Figueiredo, Jessup, Stelmach, Robinson, Xenos, Olasoji, Wan, Sheahan and Itsiopoulos.
DMD-associated dilated cardiomyopathy : genotypes, phenotypes, and phenocopies
- Johnson, Renee, Otway, Robyn, Chin, Ephrem, Horvat, Claire, Ohanian, Monique, Wilcox, Jon, Su, Zheng, Prestes, Priscilla, Smolnikov, Andrei, Soka, Magdalena, Guo, Guanglan, Rath, Emma, Chakravorty, Samya, Chrzanowski, Lukasz, Hayward, Christopher, Keogh, Anne, MacDonald, Peter, Giannoulatou, Eleni, Chang, Alex, Oates, Emily, Charchar, Fadi, Seidman, Jonathan, Seidman, Christine, Hegde, Madhuri, Fatkin, Diane
- Authors: Johnson, Renee , Otway, Robyn , Chin, Ephrem , Horvat, Claire , Ohanian, Monique , Wilcox, Jon , Su, Zheng , Prestes, Priscilla , Smolnikov, Andrei , Soka, Magdalena , Guo, Guanglan , Rath, Emma , Chakravorty, Samya , Chrzanowski, Lukasz , Hayward, Christopher , Keogh, Anne , MacDonald, Peter , Giannoulatou, Eleni , Chang, Alex , Oates, Emily , Charchar, Fadi , Seidman, Jonathan , Seidman, Christine , Hegde, Madhuri , Fatkin, Diane
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Circulation: Genomic and Precision Medicine Vol. 16, no. 5 (2023), p. 421-430
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Variants in the DMD gene, that encodes the cytoskeletal protein, dystrophin, cause a severe form of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) associated with high rates of heart failure, heart transplantation, and ventricular arrhythmias. Improved early detection of individuals at risk is needed. Methods: Genetic testing of 40 male probands with a potential X-linked genetic cause of primary DCM was undertaken using multi-gene panel sequencing, multiplex polymerase chain reaction, and array comparative genomic hybridization. Variant location was assessed with respect to dystrophin isoform patterns and exon usage. Telomere length was evaluated as a marker of myocardial dysfunction in left ventricular tissue and blood. Results: Four pathogenic/likely pathogenic DMD variants were found in 5 probands (5/40: 12.5%). Only one rare variant was identified by gene panel testing with 3 additional multi-exon deletion/duplications found following targeted assays for structural variants. All of the pathogenic/likely pathogenic DMD variants involved dystrophin exons that had percent spliced-in scores >90, indicating high levels of constitutive expression in the human adult heart. Fifteen DMD variant-negative probands (15/40: 37.5%) had variants in autosomal genes including TTN, BAG3, LMNA, and RBM20. Myocardial telomere length was reduced in patients with DCM irrespective of genotype. No differences in blood telomere length were observed between genotype-positive family members with/without DCM and controls. Conclusions: Primary genetic testing using multi-gene panels has a low yield and specific assays for structural variants are required if DMD-associated cardiomyopathy is suspected. Distinguishing X-linked causes of DCM from autosomal genes that show sex differences in clinical presentation is crucial for informed family management. © 2023 American Heart Association, Inc.
- Authors: Johnson, Renee , Otway, Robyn , Chin, Ephrem , Horvat, Claire , Ohanian, Monique , Wilcox, Jon , Su, Zheng , Prestes, Priscilla , Smolnikov, Andrei , Soka, Magdalena , Guo, Guanglan , Rath, Emma , Chakravorty, Samya , Chrzanowski, Lukasz , Hayward, Christopher , Keogh, Anne , MacDonald, Peter , Giannoulatou, Eleni , Chang, Alex , Oates, Emily , Charchar, Fadi , Seidman, Jonathan , Seidman, Christine , Hegde, Madhuri , Fatkin, Diane
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Circulation: Genomic and Precision Medicine Vol. 16, no. 5 (2023), p. 421-430
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Variants in the DMD gene, that encodes the cytoskeletal protein, dystrophin, cause a severe form of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) associated with high rates of heart failure, heart transplantation, and ventricular arrhythmias. Improved early detection of individuals at risk is needed. Methods: Genetic testing of 40 male probands with a potential X-linked genetic cause of primary DCM was undertaken using multi-gene panel sequencing, multiplex polymerase chain reaction, and array comparative genomic hybridization. Variant location was assessed with respect to dystrophin isoform patterns and exon usage. Telomere length was evaluated as a marker of myocardial dysfunction in left ventricular tissue and blood. Results: Four pathogenic/likely pathogenic DMD variants were found in 5 probands (5/40: 12.5%). Only one rare variant was identified by gene panel testing with 3 additional multi-exon deletion/duplications found following targeted assays for structural variants. All of the pathogenic/likely pathogenic DMD variants involved dystrophin exons that had percent spliced-in scores >90, indicating high levels of constitutive expression in the human adult heart. Fifteen DMD variant-negative probands (15/40: 37.5%) had variants in autosomal genes including TTN, BAG3, LMNA, and RBM20. Myocardial telomere length was reduced in patients with DCM irrespective of genotype. No differences in blood telomere length were observed between genotype-positive family members with/without DCM and controls. Conclusions: Primary genetic testing using multi-gene panels has a low yield and specific assays for structural variants are required if DMD-associated cardiomyopathy is suspected. Distinguishing X-linked causes of DCM from autosomal genes that show sex differences in clinical presentation is crucial for informed family management. © 2023 American Heart Association, Inc.
Evaluating a peer-led wellbeing programme for doctors-in-training during the COVID-19 pandemic in Victoria, Australia, using the most significant change technique
- Crinall, Karen, Ward, Madeleine, McDonald, Rebecca, Crinall, William, Aridas, James, Rolnik, Daniel
- Authors: Crinall, Karen , Ward, Madeleine , McDonald, Rebecca , Crinall, William , Aridas, James , Rolnik, Daniel
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Evaluation Journal of Australasia Vol. 22, no. 2 (2022), p. 90-107
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This article discusses the use of the Most Significant Change (MSC) technique in a mixed-methods evaluation of a pilot wellbeing programme for obstetrics and gynaecology doctors-in-training introduced at a large public hospital during Melbourne, Australia’s second coronavirus (COVID-19) lockdown, which occurred from 7 July to 26 October 2020. The evaluation was conducted remotely using videoconferencing technology, to conform with pandemic restrictions. MSC complemented the program’s participatory principles and was chosen because it seeks to learn about participants’ perceptions of programme impacts by evaluating their stories of significant change. Stakeholders select one story exemplifying the most significant change resulting from the evaluated program. Inductive thematic analysis of all stories is combined with reasons for making the selection, to inform learnings (Dart & Davies, 2003; Tonkin et al., 2021). Nine stories of change were included in the selection. The most significant change was a more supportive workplace culture brought about by enabling basic needs to be met and breaking down hierarchical barriers. This was linked to five interconnected themes – connection, caring, communication, confidence and cooperation. The evaluation learnings are explored and reflections on remotely conducting MSC evaluation are shared. © The Author(s) 2022.
- Authors: Crinall, Karen , Ward, Madeleine , McDonald, Rebecca , Crinall, William , Aridas, James , Rolnik, Daniel
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Evaluation Journal of Australasia Vol. 22, no. 2 (2022), p. 90-107
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This article discusses the use of the Most Significant Change (MSC) technique in a mixed-methods evaluation of a pilot wellbeing programme for obstetrics and gynaecology doctors-in-training introduced at a large public hospital during Melbourne, Australia’s second coronavirus (COVID-19) lockdown, which occurred from 7 July to 26 October 2020. The evaluation was conducted remotely using videoconferencing technology, to conform with pandemic restrictions. MSC complemented the program’s participatory principles and was chosen because it seeks to learn about participants’ perceptions of programme impacts by evaluating their stories of significant change. Stakeholders select one story exemplifying the most significant change resulting from the evaluated program. Inductive thematic analysis of all stories is combined with reasons for making the selection, to inform learnings (Dart & Davies, 2003; Tonkin et al., 2021). Nine stories of change were included in the selection. The most significant change was a more supportive workplace culture brought about by enabling basic needs to be met and breaking down hierarchical barriers. This was linked to five interconnected themes – connection, caring, communication, confidence and cooperation. The evaluation learnings are explored and reflections on remotely conducting MSC evaluation are shared. © The Author(s) 2022.
Mandarin DP1-he-DP2 in the subject position
- Authors: Han, Weifeng , Shi, Dingxu
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: SKASE Journal of Theoretical Linguistics Vol. 19, no. 1 (2022), p. 43-62
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Recent studies claim that, syntactically, he in DP1-he-DP2 can only be analyzed as a conjunction or as a preposition, but not both, in the subject position in Mandarin. This paper presents both empirical and theoretical arguments against such singular analyses of he. Drawn upon cross-linguistic evidence, we argue that he is open to both a conjunction and a proposition analyses. Under the Merge theory, it is argued that the prepositional phrase (PP) is derived through only EXTERNAL MERGE (EM), while the conjunction phrase (&P) is yielded through EM and then INTERNAL MERGE (IM). Therefore, PP and &P undergo different processes of labelling. The Phase Impenetrability Condition helps explain the topicalization and focus marking issues by the singular analysis of he as a preposition only. This paper illustrates how the same lexical item of he is used for both the conjunction and the comitative structures in Mandarin, and how both structures differ syntactically under the Merge theory. © 2022 Slovak Association for the Study of English. All rights reserved.
- Authors: Han, Weifeng , Shi, Dingxu
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: SKASE Journal of Theoretical Linguistics Vol. 19, no. 1 (2022), p. 43-62
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Recent studies claim that, syntactically, he in DP1-he-DP2 can only be analyzed as a conjunction or as a preposition, but not both, in the subject position in Mandarin. This paper presents both empirical and theoretical arguments against such singular analyses of he. Drawn upon cross-linguistic evidence, we argue that he is open to both a conjunction and a proposition analyses. Under the Merge theory, it is argued that the prepositional phrase (PP) is derived through only EXTERNAL MERGE (EM), while the conjunction phrase (&P) is yielded through EM and then INTERNAL MERGE (IM). Therefore, PP and &P undergo different processes of labelling. The Phase Impenetrability Condition helps explain the topicalization and focus marking issues by the singular analysis of he as a preposition only. This paper illustrates how the same lexical item of he is used for both the conjunction and the comitative structures in Mandarin, and how both structures differ syntactically under the Merge theory. © 2022 Slovak Association for the Study of English. All rights reserved.
Cultivation of low tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Cannabis sativa L. cultivation in Victoria, Australia: Do we know enough?
- Humphries, Talia, Florentine, Singarayer
- Authors: Humphries, Talia , Florentine, Singarayer
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Journal of Crop Science Vol. 13, no. 6 (2019), p. 911-919
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Late 2017, the ban on the cultivation and consumption of low tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Cannabis sativa L. in Victoria, was lifted by the Federal Government of Australia. Its legalization presents the opportunity for Victoria to become a leading producer and distributer of these economically valuable hemp products. However, as a novel crop to Victoria, there is little information available for obtaining economically viable yields. Therefore, the objectives of this review were to firstly, develop an understanding of the environmental requirements shared by C. sativa cultivars, and what conditions promote fibre and grain yields. Secondly, it seeks to identify what farming practices have been conducted throughout Europe, Canada and China, and to explore whether these practices could be adapted to Victoria. Thirdly, the review will assist in making recommendations regarding which cultivars would be 'potential' candidates for commencing trials under Victorian climates so to find out the varieties that can provide high yields for fibre, grain and dual-purpose production. This review notes that Victoria shares a similar climate to central Europe, and has an ideal climate for the development of a successful hemp industry, as it has suitable lengths of daylight throughout spring and summer months and meets the precipitation requirements. This review has thus strongly suggested that the properties and attributes of European varieties of C. sativa should be further researched for site-specific cultivation in Victoria for fibre, grain and dual-purpose production in order to maximise harvest yields. © 2007-2019 Southern Cross Publishing-Australia.
- Authors: Humphries, Talia , Florentine, Singarayer
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Journal of Crop Science Vol. 13, no. 6 (2019), p. 911-919
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Late 2017, the ban on the cultivation and consumption of low tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Cannabis sativa L. in Victoria, was lifted by the Federal Government of Australia. Its legalization presents the opportunity for Victoria to become a leading producer and distributer of these economically valuable hemp products. However, as a novel crop to Victoria, there is little information available for obtaining economically viable yields. Therefore, the objectives of this review were to firstly, develop an understanding of the environmental requirements shared by C. sativa cultivars, and what conditions promote fibre and grain yields. Secondly, it seeks to identify what farming practices have been conducted throughout Europe, Canada and China, and to explore whether these practices could be adapted to Victoria. Thirdly, the review will assist in making recommendations regarding which cultivars would be 'potential' candidates for commencing trials under Victorian climates so to find out the varieties that can provide high yields for fibre, grain and dual-purpose production. This review notes that Victoria shares a similar climate to central Europe, and has an ideal climate for the development of a successful hemp industry, as it has suitable lengths of daylight throughout spring and summer months and meets the precipitation requirements. This review has thus strongly suggested that the properties and attributes of European varieties of C. sativa should be further researched for site-specific cultivation in Victoria for fibre, grain and dual-purpose production in order to maximise harvest yields. © 2007-2019 Southern Cross Publishing-Australia.
When you go looking for me, I am not there : description by absence
- Authors: Crawford, Fiona
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Thesis , Masters
- Full Text:
- Description: When women don’t have access to public voices, their stories may be told through symbols and sewing, publicly viewed but understood only by an audience of intimates. My research builds upon my May 2016 residency in Assisi, Italy, and explores description through absence. Punto Assisi, an embroidery tradition predating the Renaissance, is still practised by women of Assisi. Uniquely, the subject matter is empty of detail. The negative space in Punto Assisi work can be seen as echoing the absence of information about the makers. Invisible and indispensable, women and their work have provided the fabric of human society throughout history, yet the names and faces of female artists and artisans are rarely documented. This embroidery style resonated with my interest in women's work and how ubiquitous and anonymous it is. Based on the concept of drawing with thread to manifest content, I explore description through absence, and honour the unknown makers of this art. Studio practice revealed insight into materiality, imagery, form design and palette. The haptic process of sewing gave insight into a universality of the experience of making, a connection crossing time, place and culture. The experience of the maker is highly individual and takes place in diverse contexts. The maker and their experience may be unknown, except to self, however the outcome, the product or the artwork may be indexical of a place, time or the maker, known or unknown. As such, unknown women makers have a presence in their works. The negative space in the uncoloured linen yields a presence and materiality that allows us to engage with what isn’t there. Absence is made material. Materiality, memory, narrative, and identity are themes emerging from this project. In my contemporary application of the style constraints yielded creative freedom. In absence, I found description.
- Description: Master of Arts (Visual and Performing Arts) (Research)
- Authors: Crawford, Fiona
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Thesis , Masters
- Full Text:
- Description: When women don’t have access to public voices, their stories may be told through symbols and sewing, publicly viewed but understood only by an audience of intimates. My research builds upon my May 2016 residency in Assisi, Italy, and explores description through absence. Punto Assisi, an embroidery tradition predating the Renaissance, is still practised by women of Assisi. Uniquely, the subject matter is empty of detail. The negative space in Punto Assisi work can be seen as echoing the absence of information about the makers. Invisible and indispensable, women and their work have provided the fabric of human society throughout history, yet the names and faces of female artists and artisans are rarely documented. This embroidery style resonated with my interest in women's work and how ubiquitous and anonymous it is. Based on the concept of drawing with thread to manifest content, I explore description through absence, and honour the unknown makers of this art. Studio practice revealed insight into materiality, imagery, form design and palette. The haptic process of sewing gave insight into a universality of the experience of making, a connection crossing time, place and culture. The experience of the maker is highly individual and takes place in diverse contexts. The maker and their experience may be unknown, except to self, however the outcome, the product or the artwork may be indexical of a place, time or the maker, known or unknown. As such, unknown women makers have a presence in their works. The negative space in the uncoloured linen yields a presence and materiality that allows us to engage with what isn’t there. Absence is made material. Materiality, memory, narrative, and identity are themes emerging from this project. In my contemporary application of the style constraints yielded creative freedom. In absence, I found description.
- Description: Master of Arts (Visual and Performing Arts) (Research)
Mapping Australia felix : maps, myths and mitchell
- Authors: Coleridge, Edward
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Thesis , PhD
- Full Text:
- Description: This investigation into the oeuvre of Thomas Mitchell, the Surveyor-General of New South Wales from 1827 to 1855, intends to reveal the remarkable opus of work he produced and enquire how he achieved it. The feat that won him fame was his discovery of the rich pasturelands and picturesque landscapes in an area that is now western Victoria, which he called Australia Felix. He matched this enthusiastic name with a finely illustrated and densely detailed two-volume journal of his three exploratory journeys - ostensibly to find where the River Darling met the Murray River. Mitchell learnt his trade as a surveyor and mapmaker in Wellington’s army fighting the French in Spain and Portugal, that theatre of the Napoleonic Wars termed the Peninsular War. The objective of this thesis is twofold. The first is the exposition of a rare and remarkable atlas of battlefield plans he was commissioned to survey at the conclusion of the war, a task which took him five years in the field, but was only completed and published 25 years later. There are only two known copies of this immense tome in Australian public libraries. The parallel plan is to relate it to the wealth of imagery with which he illustrated the journal of his expedition in 1836 that discovered Australia Felix. By the artifice of fusing the magnificent maps and landscapes in the atlas with the illustrations in the journals, together with his unpublished artwork, and commissioned structures, a metaphorical map of the new Promised Land can be attempted. Set in a period of revolution and European expansion, it is a study encompassing histories of nationalism, exploration, cartography, colonisation, indigenous relations, warfare, art, and theories of landscape art, architecture, neoclassicism and romanticism, and the aesthetics of the sublime, the beautiful and the picturesque.
- Description: Doctor of Philosophy
- Authors: Coleridge, Edward
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Thesis , PhD
- Full Text:
- Description: This investigation into the oeuvre of Thomas Mitchell, the Surveyor-General of New South Wales from 1827 to 1855, intends to reveal the remarkable opus of work he produced and enquire how he achieved it. The feat that won him fame was his discovery of the rich pasturelands and picturesque landscapes in an area that is now western Victoria, which he called Australia Felix. He matched this enthusiastic name with a finely illustrated and densely detailed two-volume journal of his three exploratory journeys - ostensibly to find where the River Darling met the Murray River. Mitchell learnt his trade as a surveyor and mapmaker in Wellington’s army fighting the French in Spain and Portugal, that theatre of the Napoleonic Wars termed the Peninsular War. The objective of this thesis is twofold. The first is the exposition of a rare and remarkable atlas of battlefield plans he was commissioned to survey at the conclusion of the war, a task which took him five years in the field, but was only completed and published 25 years later. There are only two known copies of this immense tome in Australian public libraries. The parallel plan is to relate it to the wealth of imagery with which he illustrated the journal of his expedition in 1836 that discovered Australia Felix. By the artifice of fusing the magnificent maps and landscapes in the atlas with the illustrations in the journals, together with his unpublished artwork, and commissioned structures, a metaphorical map of the new Promised Land can be attempted. Set in a period of revolution and European expansion, it is a study encompassing histories of nationalism, exploration, cartography, colonisation, indigenous relations, warfare, art, and theories of landscape art, architecture, neoclassicism and romanticism, and the aesthetics of the sublime, the beautiful and the picturesque.
- Description: Doctor of Philosophy
Traces of the female self : exploring the documentation of women’s art through traces, impressions, residues and self-portraiture via contemporary art practice
- Authors: Janetzki, Georgia
- Type: Text , Thesis , Masters
- Full Text:
- Description: Women have always been present as artists, but not necessarily included within the canon of Western art history. Studying the canon is an accepted way of understanding the context of what has gone before, and in turn positioning ourselves within contemporary art practices and theories. However there is a disconnect when most of the individuals within the canon are nothing like us. Self-portraiture can be an embodied methodology, a starting point for an investigation that goes beyond oneself. Addressing the personal through my art practice also addresses a wider community of female artists. Through a studio-based investigation I have asked: What can visual art’s inherent capacity for generating and capturing traces, residues and impressions express in a material and conceptual way to explore self-identity and contribute to the current discourse about women artists’ history? How can these themes be visually expressed in new ways through contemporary selfportraiture, addressing absence and perspective in the documentation of women’s art? I explore these questions through experimental methods of making self-portraits. This research project considers the personal, examining representation of the self as an ontological enquiry into the roles of making and being. As a practice-led study, I pursue this line of enquiry as a means for exploring current structures of power, through a new body of work aimed at further informing Australian women’s art practice and its history.
- Description: Masters by Research
- Authors: Janetzki, Georgia
- Type: Text , Thesis , Masters
- Full Text:
- Description: Women have always been present as artists, but not necessarily included within the canon of Western art history. Studying the canon is an accepted way of understanding the context of what has gone before, and in turn positioning ourselves within contemporary art practices and theories. However there is a disconnect when most of the individuals within the canon are nothing like us. Self-portraiture can be an embodied methodology, a starting point for an investigation that goes beyond oneself. Addressing the personal through my art practice also addresses a wider community of female artists. Through a studio-based investigation I have asked: What can visual art’s inherent capacity for generating and capturing traces, residues and impressions express in a material and conceptual way to explore self-identity and contribute to the current discourse about women artists’ history? How can these themes be visually expressed in new ways through contemporary selfportraiture, addressing absence and perspective in the documentation of women’s art? I explore these questions through experimental methods of making self-portraits. This research project considers the personal, examining representation of the self as an ontological enquiry into the roles of making and being. As a practice-led study, I pursue this line of enquiry as a means for exploring current structures of power, through a new body of work aimed at further informing Australian women’s art practice and its history.
- Description: Masters by Research
Global injury morbidity and mortality from 1990 to 2017 : results from the global burden of disease study 2017
- James, Spencer, Castle, Chris, Dingels, Zachary, Fox, Jack, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Authors: James, Spencer , Castle, Chris , Dingels, Zachary , Fox, Jack , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Injury Prevention Vol. 26, no. 1 (2020), p. I96-I114
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background Past research in population health trends has shown that injuries form a substantial burden of population health loss. Regular updates to injury burden assessments are critical. We report Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 Study estimates on morbidity and mortality for all injuries. methods We reviewed results for injuries from the GBD 2017 study. GBD 2017 measured injury-specific mortality and years of life lost (YLLs) using the Cause of Death Ensemble model. To measure non-fatal injuries, GBD 2017 modelled injury-specific incidence and converted this to prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs). YLLs and YLDs were summed to calculate disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Findings In 1990, there were 4 260 493 (4 085 700 to 4 396 138) injury deaths, which increased to 4 484 722 (4 332 010 to 4 585 554) deaths in 2017, while age-standardised mortality decreased from 1079 (1073 to 1086) to 738 (730 to 745) per 100 000. In 1990, there were 354 064 302 (95% uncertainty interval: 338 174 876 to 371 610 802) new cases of injury globally, which increased to 520 710 288 (493 430 247 to 547 988 635) new cases in 2017. During this time, age-standardised incidence decreased non-significantly from 6824 (6534 to 7147) to 6763 (6412 to 7118) per 100 000. Between 1990 and 2017, age-standardised DALYs decreased from 4947 (4655 to 5233) per 100 000 to 3267 (3058 to 3505). Interpretation Injuries are an important cause of health loss globally, though mortality has declined between 1990 and 2017. Future research in injury burden should focus on prevention in high-burden populations, improving data collection and ensuring access to medical care. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. ***Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 5 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Muhammad Rahman” is provided in this record***
- Authors: James, Spencer , Castle, Chris , Dingels, Zachary , Fox, Jack , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Injury Prevention Vol. 26, no. 1 (2020), p. I96-I114
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background Past research in population health trends has shown that injuries form a substantial burden of population health loss. Regular updates to injury burden assessments are critical. We report Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 Study estimates on morbidity and mortality for all injuries. methods We reviewed results for injuries from the GBD 2017 study. GBD 2017 measured injury-specific mortality and years of life lost (YLLs) using the Cause of Death Ensemble model. To measure non-fatal injuries, GBD 2017 modelled injury-specific incidence and converted this to prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs). YLLs and YLDs were summed to calculate disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Findings In 1990, there were 4 260 493 (4 085 700 to 4 396 138) injury deaths, which increased to 4 484 722 (4 332 010 to 4 585 554) deaths in 2017, while age-standardised mortality decreased from 1079 (1073 to 1086) to 738 (730 to 745) per 100 000. In 1990, there were 354 064 302 (95% uncertainty interval: 338 174 876 to 371 610 802) new cases of injury globally, which increased to 520 710 288 (493 430 247 to 547 988 635) new cases in 2017. During this time, age-standardised incidence decreased non-significantly from 6824 (6534 to 7147) to 6763 (6412 to 7118) per 100 000. Between 1990 and 2017, age-standardised DALYs decreased from 4947 (4655 to 5233) per 100 000 to 3267 (3058 to 3505). Interpretation Injuries are an important cause of health loss globally, though mortality has declined between 1990 and 2017. Future research in injury burden should focus on prevention in high-burden populations, improving data collection and ensuring access to medical care. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. ***Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 5 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Muhammad Rahman” is provided in this record***
Global, regional, and national incidence of six major immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: findings from the global burden of disease study 2019
- Wu, Dongze, Jin, Yingzhao, Xing, Yuhan, Abate, Melsew, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abdollahifar, Mohammad-Amin, Abdulah, Deldar, Abedi, Aidin, Abedi, Vida, Abidi, Hassan, Aboagye, Richard, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abuabara, Katrina, Abyadeh, Morteza, Addo, Isaac, Adeniji, Kayode, Adepoju, Abiola, Adesina, Miracle, Adnani, Qorinah, Afarideh, Mohsen, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agodi, Antonella, Agrawal, Anurag, Arriagada, Constanza, Ahmad, Antonella, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Authors: Wu, Dongze , Jin, Yingzhao , Xing, Yuhan , Abate, Melsew , Abbasian, Mohammadreza , Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen , Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab , Abd-Allah, Foad , Abdelmasseh, Michael , Abdollahifar, Mohammad-Amin , Abdulah, Deldar , Abedi, Aidin , Abedi, Vida , Abidi, Hassan , Aboagye, Richard , Abolhassani, Hassan , Abuabara, Katrina , Abyadeh, Morteza , Addo, Isaac , Adeniji, Kayode , Adepoju, Abiola , Adesina, Miracle , Adnani, Qorinah , Afarideh, Mohsen , Aghamiri, Shahin , Agodi, Antonella , Agrawal, Anurag , Arriagada, Constanza , Ahmad, Antonella , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: eClinicalMedicine Vol. 64, no. (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: The causes for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are diverse and the incidence trends of IMIDs from specific causes are rarely studied. The study aims to investigate the pattern and trend of IMIDs from 1990 to 2019. Methods: We collected detailed information on six major causes of IMIDs, including asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis, between 1990 and 2019, derived from the Global Burden of Disease study in 2019. The average annual percent change (AAPC) in number of incidents and age standardized incidence rate (ASR) on IMIDs, by sex, age, region, and causes, were calculated to quantify the temporal trends. Findings: In 2019, rheumatoid arthritis, atopic dermatitis, asthma, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease accounted 1.59%, 36.17%, 54.71%, 0.09%, 6.84%, 0.60% of overall new IMIDs cases, respectively. The ASR of IMIDs showed substantial regional and global variation with the highest in High SDI region, High-income North America, and United States of America. Throughout human lifespan, the age distribution of incident cases from six IMIDs was quite different. Globally, incident cases of IMIDs increased with an AAPC of 0.68 and the ASR decreased with an AAPC of
- Authors: Wu, Dongze , Jin, Yingzhao , Xing, Yuhan , Abate, Melsew , Abbasian, Mohammadreza , Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen , Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab , Abd-Allah, Foad , Abdelmasseh, Michael , Abdollahifar, Mohammad-Amin , Abdulah, Deldar , Abedi, Aidin , Abedi, Vida , Abidi, Hassan , Aboagye, Richard , Abolhassani, Hassan , Abuabara, Katrina , Abyadeh, Morteza , Addo, Isaac , Adeniji, Kayode , Adepoju, Abiola , Adesina, Miracle , Adnani, Qorinah , Afarideh, Mohsen , Aghamiri, Shahin , Agodi, Antonella , Agrawal, Anurag , Arriagada, Constanza , Ahmad, Antonella , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: eClinicalMedicine Vol. 64, no. (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: The causes for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are diverse and the incidence trends of IMIDs from specific causes are rarely studied. The study aims to investigate the pattern and trend of IMIDs from 1990 to 2019. Methods: We collected detailed information on six major causes of IMIDs, including asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis, between 1990 and 2019, derived from the Global Burden of Disease study in 2019. The average annual percent change (AAPC) in number of incidents and age standardized incidence rate (ASR) on IMIDs, by sex, age, region, and causes, were calculated to quantify the temporal trends. Findings: In 2019, rheumatoid arthritis, atopic dermatitis, asthma, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease accounted 1.59%, 36.17%, 54.71%, 0.09%, 6.84%, 0.60% of overall new IMIDs cases, respectively. The ASR of IMIDs showed substantial regional and global variation with the highest in High SDI region, High-income North America, and United States of America. Throughout human lifespan, the age distribution of incident cases from six IMIDs was quite different. Globally, incident cases of IMIDs increased with an AAPC of 0.68 and the ASR decreased with an AAPC of
Diegetic wounds : the representation of individual and collective trauma in found footage horror films
- Authors: Hubber, Duncan
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Thesis , PhD
- Full Text:
- Description: The type of horror film known as “found footage” was prominent in the 2000s and early 2010s. The term refers to films that aim to scare their audience, and which are primarily shot diegetically, with handheld and surveillance cameras that exist within the world of the film. The thesis identifies conceptual, aesthetic, and thematic links between found footage horror films and psychological trauma theory. For example, in each film the premise of the characters and viewers finding footage of a frightening event evokes the victim’s belated recollection of a traumatic experience. Additionally, the often-frantic cinematography and ambiguous formulation of the monster evokes the shocked and disoriented cognition of the trauma victim in the wake of their experience. Finally, the experience and effect of trauma on society is a recurring theme of found footage horror films. By examining 14 films, this thesis aims to answer the question: how do found footage horror films represent the relationship between individual and collective trauma? It theorises that individual trauma is conveyed through the films’ point-of-view (POV) aesthetic, while collective trauma is conveyed through their narrative themes. The thesis groups the films into four categories, each of which addresses a different aspect of trauma theory. Firstly, Remote found footage horror films, such as The Blair Witch Project (Myrick and Sánchez 1999), are examined as depictions of national historical traumas. Secondly, Urban found footage horror films, such as Cloverfield (Reeves 2008), are read as depictions of contemporary global traumas. Thirdly, Domestic found footage horror films, such as Paranormal Activity (Peli 2009), are framed as depictions of systemic domestic trauma. Fourthly, Perpetrator found footage horror films, such as Man Bites Dog (Belvaux, Bonzel and Poelvoorde 1992), are examined as depictions of perpetrator trauma. The thesis disputes the claim made by numerous critics and theorists that found footage horror films do not constitute a subgenre, but merely a cinematographic style or marketing gimmick. By demonstrating their aesthetic and thematic consistency, and the manifold ways that found footage horror can be read as representing trauma, the thesis argues that the films constitute a specific subgenre of horror cinema. The thesis makes significant contributions to knowledge by identifying, testing and demonstrating links between horror film theory, genre theory, spectator theory, and psychological and collective trauma theory. It conducts a broad survey of a recent subgenre of horror films that has, thus far, only received sporadic and insubstantial academic attention. It also presents an original theory that explains the psychological and sociological subtext of the subgenre, and the cultural insights that the films provide.
- Description: Doctor of Philosophy
- Authors: Hubber, Duncan
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Thesis , PhD
- Full Text:
- Description: The type of horror film known as “found footage” was prominent in the 2000s and early 2010s. The term refers to films that aim to scare their audience, and which are primarily shot diegetically, with handheld and surveillance cameras that exist within the world of the film. The thesis identifies conceptual, aesthetic, and thematic links between found footage horror films and psychological trauma theory. For example, in each film the premise of the characters and viewers finding footage of a frightening event evokes the victim’s belated recollection of a traumatic experience. Additionally, the often-frantic cinematography and ambiguous formulation of the monster evokes the shocked and disoriented cognition of the trauma victim in the wake of their experience. Finally, the experience and effect of trauma on society is a recurring theme of found footage horror films. By examining 14 films, this thesis aims to answer the question: how do found footage horror films represent the relationship between individual and collective trauma? It theorises that individual trauma is conveyed through the films’ point-of-view (POV) aesthetic, while collective trauma is conveyed through their narrative themes. The thesis groups the films into four categories, each of which addresses a different aspect of trauma theory. Firstly, Remote found footage horror films, such as The Blair Witch Project (Myrick and Sánchez 1999), are examined as depictions of national historical traumas. Secondly, Urban found footage horror films, such as Cloverfield (Reeves 2008), are read as depictions of contemporary global traumas. Thirdly, Domestic found footage horror films, such as Paranormal Activity (Peli 2009), are framed as depictions of systemic domestic trauma. Fourthly, Perpetrator found footage horror films, such as Man Bites Dog (Belvaux, Bonzel and Poelvoorde 1992), are examined as depictions of perpetrator trauma. The thesis disputes the claim made by numerous critics and theorists that found footage horror films do not constitute a subgenre, but merely a cinematographic style or marketing gimmick. By demonstrating their aesthetic and thematic consistency, and the manifold ways that found footage horror can be read as representing trauma, the thesis argues that the films constitute a specific subgenre of horror cinema. The thesis makes significant contributions to knowledge by identifying, testing and demonstrating links between horror film theory, genre theory, spectator theory, and psychological and collective trauma theory. It conducts a broad survey of a recent subgenre of horror films that has, thus far, only received sporadic and insubstantial academic attention. It also presents an original theory that explains the psychological and sociological subtext of the subgenre, and the cultural insights that the films provide.
- Description: Doctor of Philosophy
Got the message? 50 years of political posters
- Authors: Wallis, Geoff
- Date: 2013
- Type: Text , Visual art work
- Full Text:
- Authors: Wallis, Geoff
- Date: 2013
- Type: Text , Visual art work
- Full Text:
Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
- Ong, Kanyin, Stafford, Lauryn, McLaughlin, Susan, Boyko, Edward, Vollset, Stein, Smith, Amanda, Dalton, Bronte, Duprey, Joe, Cruz, Jessica, Hagins, Hailey, Lindstedt, Paulina, Aali, Amirali, Abate, Yohannes, Abate, Melew, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, ElHafeez, Samar, Abd-Rabu, Rami, Abdulah, Deldar, Abdullah, Abu, Abedi, Vida, Abidi, Hassan, Aboagye, Richard, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abu-Gharbieh, Eshetie, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Adane, Tigist, Adane, Denberu, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Authors: Ong, Kanyin , Stafford, Lauryn , McLaughlin, Susan , Boyko, Edward , Vollset, Stein , Smith, Amanda , Dalton, Bronte , Duprey, Joe , Cruz, Jessica , Hagins, Hailey , Lindstedt, Paulina , Aali, Amirali , Abate, Yohannes , Abate, Melew , Abbasian, Mohammadreza , Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab , Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen , ElHafeez, Samar , Abd-Rabu, Rami , Abdulah, Deldar , Abdullah, Abu , Abedi, Vida , Abidi, Hassan , Aboagye, Richard , Abolhassani, Hassan , Abu-Gharbieh, Eshetie , Abu-Zaid, Ahmed , Adane, Tigist , Adane, Denberu , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: The Lancet Vol. 402, no. 10397 (2023), p. 203-234
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and affects people regardless of country, age group, or sex. Using the most recent evidentiary and analytical framework from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD), we produced location-specific, age-specific, and sex-specific estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden from 1990 to 2021, the proportion of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in 2021, the proportion of the type 2 diabetes burden attributable to selected risk factors, and projections of diabetes prevalence through 2050. Methods: Estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden were computed in 204 countries and territories, across 25 age groups, for males and females separately and combined; these estimates comprised lost years of healthy life, measured in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs; defined as the sum of years of life lost [YLLs] and years lived with disability [YLDs]). We used the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) approach to estimate deaths due to diabetes, incorporating 25 666 location-years of data from vital registration and verbal autopsy reports in separate total (including both type 1 and type 2 diabetes) and type-specific models. Other forms of diabetes, including gestational and monogenic diabetes, were not explicitly modelled. Total and type 1 diabetes prevalence was estimated by use of a Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, to analyse 1527 location-years of data from the scientific literature, survey microdata, and insurance claims; type 2 diabetes estimates were computed by subtracting type 1 diabetes from total estimates. Mortality and prevalence estimates, along with standard life expectancy and disability weights, were used to calculate YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs. When appropriate, we extrapolated estimates to a hypothetical population with a standardised age structure to allow comparison in populations with different age structures. We used the comparative risk assessment framework to estimate the risk-attributable type 2 diabetes burden for 16 risk factors falling under risk categories including environmental and occupational factors, tobacco use, high alcohol use, high body-mass index (BMI), dietary factors, and low physical activity. Using a regression framework, we forecast type 1 and type 2 diabetes prevalence through 2050 with Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and high BMI as predictors, respectively. Findings: In 2021, there were 529 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 500–564) people living with diabetes worldwide, and the global age-standardised total diabetes prevalence was 6·1% (5·8–6·5). At the super-region level, the highest age-standardised rates were observed in north Africa and the Middle East (9·3% [8·7–9·9]) and, at the regional level, in Oceania (12·3% [11·5–13·0]). Nationally, Qatar had the world's highest age-specific prevalence of diabetes, at 76·1% (73·1–79·5) in individuals aged 75–79 years. Total diabetes prevalence—especially among older adults—primarily reflects type 2 diabetes, which in 2021 accounted for 96·0% (95·1–96·8) of diabetes cases and 95·4% (94·9–95·9) of diabetes DALYs worldwide. In 2021, 52·2% (25·5–71·8) of global type 2 diabetes DALYs were attributable to high BMI. The contribution of high BMI to type 2 diabetes DALYs rose by 24·3% (18·5–30·4) worldwide between 1990 and 2021. By 2050, more than 1·31 billion (1·22–1·39) people are projected to have diabetes, with expected age-standardised total diabetes prevalence rates greater than 10% in two super-regions: 16·8% (16·1–17·6) in north Africa and the Middle East and 11·3% (10·8–11·9) in Latin America and Caribbean. By 2050, 89 (43·6%) of 204 countries and territories will have an age-standardised rate greater than 10%. Interpretation: Diabetes remains a substantial public health issue. Type 2 diabetes, which makes up the bulk of diabetes cases, is largely preventable and, in some cases, potentially reversible if identified and managed early in the disea e course. However, all evidence indicates that diabetes prevalence is increasing worldwide, primarily due to a rise in obesity caused by multiple factors. Preventing and controlling type 2 diabetes remains an ongoing challenge. It is essential to better understand disparities in risk factor profiles and diabetes burden across populations, to inform strategies to successfully control diabetes risk factors within the context of multiple and complex drivers. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 30 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Muhammad Aziz Rahman” is provided in this record**
- Authors: Ong, Kanyin , Stafford, Lauryn , McLaughlin, Susan , Boyko, Edward , Vollset, Stein , Smith, Amanda , Dalton, Bronte , Duprey, Joe , Cruz, Jessica , Hagins, Hailey , Lindstedt, Paulina , Aali, Amirali , Abate, Yohannes , Abate, Melew , Abbasian, Mohammadreza , Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab , Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen , ElHafeez, Samar , Abd-Rabu, Rami , Abdulah, Deldar , Abdullah, Abu , Abedi, Vida , Abidi, Hassan , Aboagye, Richard , Abolhassani, Hassan , Abu-Gharbieh, Eshetie , Abu-Zaid, Ahmed , Adane, Tigist , Adane, Denberu , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: The Lancet Vol. 402, no. 10397 (2023), p. 203-234
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and affects people regardless of country, age group, or sex. Using the most recent evidentiary and analytical framework from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD), we produced location-specific, age-specific, and sex-specific estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden from 1990 to 2021, the proportion of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in 2021, the proportion of the type 2 diabetes burden attributable to selected risk factors, and projections of diabetes prevalence through 2050. Methods: Estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden were computed in 204 countries and territories, across 25 age groups, for males and females separately and combined; these estimates comprised lost years of healthy life, measured in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs; defined as the sum of years of life lost [YLLs] and years lived with disability [YLDs]). We used the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) approach to estimate deaths due to diabetes, incorporating 25 666 location-years of data from vital registration and verbal autopsy reports in separate total (including both type 1 and type 2 diabetes) and type-specific models. Other forms of diabetes, including gestational and monogenic diabetes, were not explicitly modelled. Total and type 1 diabetes prevalence was estimated by use of a Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, to analyse 1527 location-years of data from the scientific literature, survey microdata, and insurance claims; type 2 diabetes estimates were computed by subtracting type 1 diabetes from total estimates. Mortality and prevalence estimates, along with standard life expectancy and disability weights, were used to calculate YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs. When appropriate, we extrapolated estimates to a hypothetical population with a standardised age structure to allow comparison in populations with different age structures. We used the comparative risk assessment framework to estimate the risk-attributable type 2 diabetes burden for 16 risk factors falling under risk categories including environmental and occupational factors, tobacco use, high alcohol use, high body-mass index (BMI), dietary factors, and low physical activity. Using a regression framework, we forecast type 1 and type 2 diabetes prevalence through 2050 with Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and high BMI as predictors, respectively. Findings: In 2021, there were 529 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 500–564) people living with diabetes worldwide, and the global age-standardised total diabetes prevalence was 6·1% (5·8–6·5). At the super-region level, the highest age-standardised rates were observed in north Africa and the Middle East (9·3% [8·7–9·9]) and, at the regional level, in Oceania (12·3% [11·5–13·0]). Nationally, Qatar had the world's highest age-specific prevalence of diabetes, at 76·1% (73·1–79·5) in individuals aged 75–79 years. Total diabetes prevalence—especially among older adults—primarily reflects type 2 diabetes, which in 2021 accounted for 96·0% (95·1–96·8) of diabetes cases and 95·4% (94·9–95·9) of diabetes DALYs worldwide. In 2021, 52·2% (25·5–71·8) of global type 2 diabetes DALYs were attributable to high BMI. The contribution of high BMI to type 2 diabetes DALYs rose by 24·3% (18·5–30·4) worldwide between 1990 and 2021. By 2050, more than 1·31 billion (1·22–1·39) people are projected to have diabetes, with expected age-standardised total diabetes prevalence rates greater than 10% in two super-regions: 16·8% (16·1–17·6) in north Africa and the Middle East and 11·3% (10·8–11·9) in Latin America and Caribbean. By 2050, 89 (43·6%) of 204 countries and territories will have an age-standardised rate greater than 10%. Interpretation: Diabetes remains a substantial public health issue. Type 2 diabetes, which makes up the bulk of diabetes cases, is largely preventable and, in some cases, potentially reversible if identified and managed early in the disea e course. However, all evidence indicates that diabetes prevalence is increasing worldwide, primarily due to a rise in obesity caused by multiple factors. Preventing and controlling type 2 diabetes remains an ongoing challenge. It is essential to better understand disparities in risk factor profiles and diabetes burden across populations, to inform strategies to successfully control diabetes risk factors within the context of multiple and complex drivers. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 30 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Muhammad Aziz Rahman” is provided in this record**
A fuzzy logic approach to experience based
- Authors: Sun, Zhaohao , Finnie, Gavin
- Date: 2007
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Intelligent Systems Vol. 22, no. 8 (2007), p. 867-889
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: International Journal of Intelligent Systems archive Volume 22 Issue 8, August 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, NY, USA table of contents doi>10.1002/int.v22:8
Introduction: the promise of ageing labour forces
- Authors: Taylor, Philip
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: Ageing labour forces: Promises and prospects p. 1-22
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
The degree-diameter problem for sparse graph classes
- Pineda-Villavicencio, Guillermo, Wood, David
- Authors: Pineda-Villavicencio, Guillermo , Wood, David
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Electronic Journal of Combinatorics Vol. 22, no. 2 (2015), p. 1-20
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: The degree-diameter problem asks for the maximum number of vertices in a graph with maximum degree ∆ and diameter k. For fixed k, the answer is