- Title
- The role of ion channels in microglial activation and proliferation - a complex interplay between ligand-gated ion channels, K+ channels, and intracellular Ca2+
- Creator
- Stebbing, Martin; Cottee, Jennifer; Rana, Indrajeetsinh
- Date
- 2015
- Type
- Text; Journal article
- Identifier
- http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/99083
- Identifier
- vital:10321
- Identifier
-
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00497
- Identifier
- ISSN:1664-3224
- Abstract
- Microglia are often referred to as the immune cells of the brain. They are most definitely involved in immune responses to invading pathogens and inflammatory responses to tissue damage. However, recent results suggest microglia are vital for normal functioning of the brain. Neuroinflammation, as well as more subtle changes, in microglial function has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many brain diseases and disorders. Upon sensing alterations in their local environment, microglia change their shape and release factors that can modify the excitability of surrounding neurons. During neuroinflammation, microglia proliferate and release NO, reactive oxygen species, cytokines and chemokines. If inflammation resolves then their numbers normalize again via apoptosis. Microglia express a wide array of ion channels and different types are implicated in all of the cellular processes listed above. Modulation of microglial ion channels has shown great promise as a therapeutic strategy in several brain disorders. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our knowledge of microglial ion channels and their roles in responses of microglia to changes in the extracellular milieu. © 2015 Stebbing, Cottee and Rana.
- Publisher
- Frontiers Research Foundation
- Relation
- Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 6, no. OCT (2015), p. 1-7
- Rights
- Copyright © 2015 Stebbing, Cottee and Rana. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms
- Rights
- Open Access
- Rights
- This metadata is freely available under a CCO license
- Subject
- 1107 Immunology; Ion channels; K+ channels; Microglia; Neuroinflammation; P2X receptors
- Full Text
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