'A peep at the Blacks' : A history of tourism at Coranderrk Aboriginal Station, 1863-1924
- Authors: Clark, Ian
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Book
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- Description: This book is concerned with the history of tourism at the Coranderrk Aboriginal Station at Healesville, northeast of Melbourne, which functioned as a government reserve from 1863 until its closure in 1924. At Coranderrk, Aboriginal mission interests and tourism intersected and the station became a ‘showplace’ of Aboriginal culture and the government policy of assimilation. The Aboriginal residents responded to tourist interest by staging cultural performances that involved boomerang throwing and traditional ways of lighting fires and by manufacturing and selling traditional artifacts. Whenever government policy impacted adversely on the Aboriginal community, the residents of Coranderrk took advantage of the opportunities offered to them by tourism to advance their political and cultural interests. This was particularly evident in the 1910s and 1920s when government policy moved to close the station.
- Authors: Clark, Ian
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Book
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This book is concerned with the history of tourism at the Coranderrk Aboriginal Station at Healesville, northeast of Melbourne, which functioned as a government reserve from 1863 until its closure in 1924. At Coranderrk, Aboriginal mission interests and tourism intersected and the station became a ‘showplace’ of Aboriginal culture and the government policy of assimilation. The Aboriginal residents responded to tourist interest by staging cultural performances that involved boomerang throwing and traditional ways of lighting fires and by manufacturing and selling traditional artifacts. Whenever government policy impacted adversely on the Aboriginal community, the residents of Coranderrk took advantage of the opportunities offered to them by tourism to advance their political and cultural interests. This was particularly evident in the 1910s and 1920s when government policy moved to close the station.
Comparison of agility demands of small-sided games in elite Australian football
- Davies, Michael, Young, Warren, Farrow, Damian, Bahnert, Andrew
- Authors: Davies, Michael , Young, Warren , Farrow, Damian , Bahnert, Andrew
- Date: 2013
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance Vol. 8, no. 2 (2013), p. 139-147
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- Description: Purpose: To compare the agility demands of 4 small-sided games (SSGs) and evaluate the variability in demands for elite Australian Football (AF). Methods: Fourteen male elite Australian Football League (AFL) players (mean ± SD; 21.7 ± 3.1 y, 189.6 ± 9.0 cm, 88.7 ± 10.0 kg, 39.4 ± 57.1 games) completed 4 SSGs of 3 x 45-s bouts each with modified designs. Video notational analysis, GPS at 5 Hz, and triaxial accelerometer data expressed the external player loads within games. Three comparisons were made using a paired t test (P < .05), and magnitudes of differences were reported with effect size (ES) statistics. Results: Reduced area per player (increased density) produced a small increase in total agility maneuvers (SSG1, 7.2 ± 1.3; SSG2, 8.8 ± 4.1), while a large 2D player load was accumulated (P < .05, ES = 1.22). A reduction in players produced a moderate (ES = 0.60) total number of agility maneuvers (SSG 3, 11.3 ± 6.1; SSG 2, 8.3 ± 3.6); however, a greater variability was found. The implementation of a 2-handed-tag rule resulted in a somewhat trivial decline (P > .05, ES = 0.16) in agility events compared with normal AFL tackling rules (SSG 2, 8.3 ± 3.6; SSG 4, 7.8 ± 2.6). Conclusions: SSG characteristics can influence agility-training demand, which can vary considerably for individuals. Coaches should carefully consider SSG design to maximize the potential to develop agility for all players. © 2013 Human Kinetics, Inc.
- Description: 2003010585
- Authors: Davies, Michael , Young, Warren , Farrow, Damian , Bahnert, Andrew
- Date: 2013
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance Vol. 8, no. 2 (2013), p. 139-147
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Purpose: To compare the agility demands of 4 small-sided games (SSGs) and evaluate the variability in demands for elite Australian Football (AF). Methods: Fourteen male elite Australian Football League (AFL) players (mean ± SD; 21.7 ± 3.1 y, 189.6 ± 9.0 cm, 88.7 ± 10.0 kg, 39.4 ± 57.1 games) completed 4 SSGs of 3 x 45-s bouts each with modified designs. Video notational analysis, GPS at 5 Hz, and triaxial accelerometer data expressed the external player loads within games. Three comparisons were made using a paired t test (P < .05), and magnitudes of differences were reported with effect size (ES) statistics. Results: Reduced area per player (increased density) produced a small increase in total agility maneuvers (SSG1, 7.2 ± 1.3; SSG2, 8.8 ± 4.1), while a large 2D player load was accumulated (P < .05, ES = 1.22). A reduction in players produced a moderate (ES = 0.60) total number of agility maneuvers (SSG 3, 11.3 ± 6.1; SSG 2, 8.3 ± 3.6); however, a greater variability was found. The implementation of a 2-handed-tag rule resulted in a somewhat trivial decline (P > .05, ES = 0.16) in agility events compared with normal AFL tackling rules (SSG 2, 8.3 ± 3.6; SSG 4, 7.8 ± 2.6). Conclusions: SSG characteristics can influence agility-training demand, which can vary considerably for individuals. Coaches should carefully consider SSG design to maximize the potential to develop agility for all players. © 2013 Human Kinetics, Inc.
- Description: 2003010585
Extending ICPC-2 PLUS terminology to develop a classification system specific for the study of chiropractic encounters
- Charity, Melanie, French, Simon, Forsdike, Kirsty, Britt, Helena, Polus, Bolus, Gunn, Jane
- Authors: Charity, Melanie , French, Simon , Forsdike, Kirsty , Britt, Helena , Polus, Bolus , Gunn, Jane
- Date: 2013
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Chiropractic and Manual Therapies Vol. 21, no. 1 (2013), p.1-10
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- Description: Background: Typically a large amount of information is collected during healthcare research and this information needs to be organised in a way that will make it manageable and to facilitate clear reporting. The Chiropractic Observation and Analysis STudy (COAST) was a cross sectional observational study that described the clinical practices of chiropractors in Victoria, Australia. To code chiropractic encounters COAST used the International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC-2) with the PLUS general practice clinical terminology to code chiropractic encounters. This paper describes the process by which a chiropractic-profession specific terminology was developed for use in research by expanding the current ICPC-2 PLUS system.Methods: The coder referred to the ICPC-2 PLUS system when coding chiropractor recorded encounter details (reasons for encounter, diagnoses/problems and processes of care). The coder used rules and conventions supplied by the Family Medicine Research Unit at the University of Sydney, the developers of the PLUS system. New chiropractic specific terms and codes were created when a relevant term was not available in ICPC-2 PLUS.Results: Information was collected from 52 chiropractors who documented 4,464 chiropractor-patient encounters. During the study, 6,225 reasons for encounter and 6,491 diagnoses/problems were documented, coded and analysed; 169 new chiropractic specific terms were added to the ICPC-2 PLUS terminology list. Most new terms were allocated to diagnoses/problems, with reasons for encounter generally well covered in the original ICPC 2 PLUS terminology: 3,074 of the 6,491 (47%) diagnoses/problems and 274 of the 6,225 (4%) reasons for encounter recorded during encounters were coded to a new term. Twenty nine new terms (17%) represented chiropractic processes of care.Conclusion: While existing ICPC-2 PLUS terminology could not fully represent chiropractic practice, adding terms specific to chiropractic enabled coding of a large number of chiropractic encounters at the desired level. Further, the new system attempted to record the diversity among chiropractic encounters while enabling generalisation for reporting where required. COAST is ongoing, and as such, any further encounters received from chiropractors will enable addition and refinement of ICPC-2 PLUS (Chiro). More research is needed into the diagnosis/problem descriptions used by chiropractors. © 2013 Charity et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
- Authors: Charity, Melanie , French, Simon , Forsdike, Kirsty , Britt, Helena , Polus, Bolus , Gunn, Jane
- Date: 2013
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Chiropractic and Manual Therapies Vol. 21, no. 1 (2013), p.1-10
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Typically a large amount of information is collected during healthcare research and this information needs to be organised in a way that will make it manageable and to facilitate clear reporting. The Chiropractic Observation and Analysis STudy (COAST) was a cross sectional observational study that described the clinical practices of chiropractors in Victoria, Australia. To code chiropractic encounters COAST used the International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC-2) with the PLUS general practice clinical terminology to code chiropractic encounters. This paper describes the process by which a chiropractic-profession specific terminology was developed for use in research by expanding the current ICPC-2 PLUS system.Methods: The coder referred to the ICPC-2 PLUS system when coding chiropractor recorded encounter details (reasons for encounter, diagnoses/problems and processes of care). The coder used rules and conventions supplied by the Family Medicine Research Unit at the University of Sydney, the developers of the PLUS system. New chiropractic specific terms and codes were created when a relevant term was not available in ICPC-2 PLUS.Results: Information was collected from 52 chiropractors who documented 4,464 chiropractor-patient encounters. During the study, 6,225 reasons for encounter and 6,491 diagnoses/problems were documented, coded and analysed; 169 new chiropractic specific terms were added to the ICPC-2 PLUS terminology list. Most new terms were allocated to diagnoses/problems, with reasons for encounter generally well covered in the original ICPC 2 PLUS terminology: 3,074 of the 6,491 (47%) diagnoses/problems and 274 of the 6,225 (4%) reasons for encounter recorded during encounters were coded to a new term. Twenty nine new terms (17%) represented chiropractic processes of care.Conclusion: While existing ICPC-2 PLUS terminology could not fully represent chiropractic practice, adding terms specific to chiropractic enabled coding of a large number of chiropractic encounters at the desired level. Further, the new system attempted to record the diversity among chiropractic encounters while enabling generalisation for reporting where required. COAST is ongoing, and as such, any further encounters received from chiropractors will enable addition and refinement of ICPC-2 PLUS (Chiro). More research is needed into the diagnosis/problem descriptions used by chiropractors. © 2013 Charity et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Directional metric regularity of multifunctions
- Ngai, Huynh Van, Thera, Michel
- Authors: Ngai, Huynh Van , Thera, Michel
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Mathematics of Operations Research Vol. 40, no. 4 (2015), p. 969-991
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP110102011
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- Description: In this paper, we study relative metric regularity of set-valued mappings with emphasis on directional metric regularity. We establish characterizations of relative metric regularity without assuming the completeness of the image spaces, by using the relative lower semicontinuous envelopes of the distance functions to set-valued mappings. We then apply these characterizations to establish a coderivative type criterion for directional metric regularity as well as for the robustness of metric regularity.
- Description: In this paper, we study relative metric regularity of set-valued mappings with emphasis on directional metric regularity. We establish characterizations of relative metric regularity without assuming the completeness of the image spaces, by using the relative lower semicontinuous envelopes of the distance functions to set-valued mappings. We then apply these characterizations to establish a coderivative type criterion for directional metric regularity as well as for the robustness of metric regularity. © 2015 INFORMS.
- Authors: Ngai, Huynh Van , Thera, Michel
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Mathematics of Operations Research Vol. 40, no. 4 (2015), p. 969-991
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP110102011
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: In this paper, we study relative metric regularity of set-valued mappings with emphasis on directional metric regularity. We establish characterizations of relative metric regularity without assuming the completeness of the image spaces, by using the relative lower semicontinuous envelopes of the distance functions to set-valued mappings. We then apply these characterizations to establish a coderivative type criterion for directional metric regularity as well as for the robustness of metric regularity.
- Description: In this paper, we study relative metric regularity of set-valued mappings with emphasis on directional metric regularity. We establish characterizations of relative metric regularity without assuming the completeness of the image spaces, by using the relative lower semicontinuous envelopes of the distance functions to set-valued mappings. We then apply these characterizations to establish a coderivative type criterion for directional metric regularity as well as for the robustness of metric regularity. © 2015 INFORMS.
To be fair or efficient or a bit of both
- Zukerman, Moshe, Mammadov, Musa, Tan, Liansheng, Ouveysi, Iradj, Andrew, Lachlan
- Authors: Zukerman, Moshe , Mammadov, Musa , Tan, Liansheng , Ouveysi, Iradj , Andrew, Lachlan
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Computers and Operations Research Vol. 35, no. 12 (2008), p. 3787-3806
- Full Text:
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- Description: IIntroducing a new concept of (®, ¯)-fairness, which allows for a bounded fairness compromise, so that a source is allocated a rate neither less than 0 · ® · 1, nor more than ¯ ¸ 1, times its fair share, this paper provides a framework to optimize efficiency (utilization, throughput or revenue) subject to fairness constraints in a general telecommunications network for an arbitrary fairness criterion and cost functions. We formulate a non-linear program (NLP) that finds the optimal bandwidth allocation by maximizing efficiency subject to (®, ¯)-fairness constraints. This leads to what we call an efficiency-fairness function, which shows the benefit in efficiency as a function of the extent to which fairness is compromised. To solve the NLP we use two algorithms. The first is a well known branch-and-bound-based algorithm called Lipschitz Global Optimization and the second is a recently developed algorithm called Algorithm for Global Optimization Problems (AGOP). We demonstrate the applicability of the framework to a range of example from sharing a single link to efficiency fairness issues associated with serving customers in remote communities.
- Description: C1
- Authors: Zukerman, Moshe , Mammadov, Musa , Tan, Liansheng , Ouveysi, Iradj , Andrew, Lachlan
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Computers and Operations Research Vol. 35, no. 12 (2008), p. 3787-3806
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: IIntroducing a new concept of (®, ¯)-fairness, which allows for a bounded fairness compromise, so that a source is allocated a rate neither less than 0 · ® · 1, nor more than ¯ ¸ 1, times its fair share, this paper provides a framework to optimize efficiency (utilization, throughput or revenue) subject to fairness constraints in a general telecommunications network for an arbitrary fairness criterion and cost functions. We formulate a non-linear program (NLP) that finds the optimal bandwidth allocation by maximizing efficiency subject to (®, ¯)-fairness constraints. This leads to what we call an efficiency-fairness function, which shows the benefit in efficiency as a function of the extent to which fairness is compromised. To solve the NLP we use two algorithms. The first is a well known branch-and-bound-based algorithm called Lipschitz Global Optimization and the second is a recently developed algorithm called Algorithm for Global Optimization Problems (AGOP). We demonstrate the applicability of the framework to a range of example from sharing a single link to efficiency fairness issues associated with serving customers in remote communities.
- Description: C1
Borwein–Preiss vector variational principle
- Kruger, Alexander, Plubtieng, Somyot, Seangwattana, Thidaporn
- Authors: Kruger, Alexander , Plubtieng, Somyot , Seangwattana, Thidaporn
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Positivity Vol. 21, no. 4 (2017), p. 1273-1292
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP160100854
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- Description: This article extends to the vector setting the results of our previous work Kruger et al. (J Math Anal Appl 435(2):1183–1193, 2016) which refined and slightly strengthened the metric space version of the Borwein–Preiss variational principle due to Li and Shi (J Math Anal Appl 246(1):308–319, 2000. doi:10.1006/jmaa.2000.6813). We introduce and characterize two seemingly new natural concepts of ε-minimality, one of them dependent on the chosen element in the ordering cone and the fixed “gauge-type” function. © 2017, Springer International Publishing.
- Authors: Kruger, Alexander , Plubtieng, Somyot , Seangwattana, Thidaporn
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Positivity Vol. 21, no. 4 (2017), p. 1273-1292
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP160100854
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This article extends to the vector setting the results of our previous work Kruger et al. (J Math Anal Appl 435(2):1183–1193, 2016) which refined and slightly strengthened the metric space version of the Borwein–Preiss variational principle due to Li and Shi (J Math Anal Appl 246(1):308–319, 2000. doi:10.1006/jmaa.2000.6813). We introduce and characterize two seemingly new natural concepts of ε-minimality, one of them dependent on the chosen element in the ordering cone and the fixed “gauge-type” function. © 2017, Springer International Publishing.
2020 International Society of Hypertension global hypertension practice guidelines
- Unger, Thomas, Borghi, Claudio, Charchar, Fadi, Khan, Nadia, Poulter, Neil, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Ramirez, Agustin, Schlaich, Markus, Stergiou, George, Wainford, Richard, Williams, Bryan, Schutte, Aletta
- Authors: Unger, Thomas , Borghi, Claudio , Charchar, Fadi , Khan, Nadia , Poulter, Neil , Prabhakaran, Dorairaj , Ramirez, Agustin , Schlaich, Markus , Stergiou, George , Wainford, Richard , Williams, Bryan , Schutte, Aletta
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Hypertension Vol. 75, no. 6 (2020), p. 1334-1357
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Authors: Unger, Thomas , Borghi, Claudio , Charchar, Fadi , Khan, Nadia , Poulter, Neil , Prabhakaran, Dorairaj , Ramirez, Agustin , Schlaich, Markus , Stergiou, George , Wainford, Richard , Williams, Bryan , Schutte, Aletta
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Hypertension Vol. 75, no. 6 (2020), p. 1334-1357
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
Cayley graphs as classifiers for data mining : The influence of asymmetries
- Kelarev, Andrei, Ryan, Joe, Yearwood, John
- Authors: Kelarev, Andrei , Ryan, Joe , Yearwood, John
- Date: 2009
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Discrete Mathematics Vol. 309, no. 17 (2009), p. 5360-5369
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP0211866
- Full Text:
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- Description: The endomorphism monoids of graphs have been actively investigated. They are convenient tools expressing asymmetries of the graphs. One of the most important classes of graphs considered in this framework is that of Cayley graphs. Our paper proposes a new method of using Cayley graphs for classification of data. We give a survey of recent results devoted to the Cayley graphs also involving their endomorphism monoids. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- Authors: Kelarev, Andrei , Ryan, Joe , Yearwood, John
- Date: 2009
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Discrete Mathematics Vol. 309, no. 17 (2009), p. 5360-5369
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP0211866
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The endomorphism monoids of graphs have been actively investigated. They are convenient tools expressing asymmetries of the graphs. One of the most important classes of graphs considered in this framework is that of Cayley graphs. Our paper proposes a new method of using Cayley graphs for classification of data. We give a survey of recent results devoted to the Cayley graphs also involving their endomorphism monoids. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Robust and continuous metric subregularity for linear inequality systems
- Camacho, J., Cánovas, Maria, López, Marco, Parra, Juan
- Authors: Camacho, J. , Cánovas, Maria , López, Marco , Parra, Juan
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Computational Optimization and Applications Vol. 86, no. 3 (2023), p. 967-988
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This paper introduces two new variational properties, robust and continuous metric subregularity, for finite linear inequality systems under data perturbations. The motivation of this study goes back to the seminal work by Dontchev, Lewis, and Rockafellar (2003) on the radius of metric regularity. In contrast to the metric regularity, the unstable continuity behavoir of the (always finite) metric subregularity modulus leads us to consider the aforementioned properties. After characterizing both of them, the radius of robust metric subregularity is computed and some insights on the radius of continuous metric subregularity are provided. © 2022, The Author(s).
- Authors: Camacho, J. , Cánovas, Maria , López, Marco , Parra, Juan
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Computational Optimization and Applications Vol. 86, no. 3 (2023), p. 967-988
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This paper introduces two new variational properties, robust and continuous metric subregularity, for finite linear inequality systems under data perturbations. The motivation of this study goes back to the seminal work by Dontchev, Lewis, and Rockafellar (2003) on the radius of metric regularity. In contrast to the metric regularity, the unstable continuity behavoir of the (always finite) metric subregularity modulus leads us to consider the aforementioned properties. After characterizing both of them, the radius of robust metric subregularity is computed and some insights on the radius of continuous metric subregularity are provided. © 2022, The Author(s).
Deficiency of MicroRNA-181a results in transcriptome-wide cell-specific changes in the kidney and increases blood pressure
- Paterson, Madeleine, Jackson, Kristy, Dona, Malathi, Farrugia, Gabriella, Visniauskas, Bruna, Watson, Anna, Johnson, Chad, Prieto, Minolfa, Evans, Roger, Charchar, Fadi, Pinto, Alexander, Marques, Francine, Head, Geoffrey
- Authors: Paterson, Madeleine , Jackson, Kristy , Dona, Malathi , Farrugia, Gabriella , Visniauskas, Bruna , Watson, Anna , Johnson, Chad , Prieto, Minolfa , Evans, Roger , Charchar, Fadi , Pinto, Alexander , Marques, Francine , Head, Geoffrey
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Hypertension Vol. 78, no. 5 (Nov 2021), p. 1322-1334
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: MicroRNA miR-181a is downregulated in the kidneys of hypertensive patients and hypertensive mice. In vitro, miR-181a is a posttranslational inhibitor of renin expression, but pleiotropic mechanisms by which miR-181a may influence blood pressure (BP) are unknown. Here, we determined whether deletion of miR-181a/b-1 in vivo changes BP and the molecular mechanisms involved at the single-cell level. We developed a KO (knockout) mouse model lacking miR-181a/b-1 genes using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Radiotelemetry probes were implanted in 12-week-old C57BL/6J WT (wild type) and miR-181a/b-1 KO mice. Systolic and diastolic BP were 4- to 5-mm Hg higher in KO compared with WT mice over 24 hours (P<0.01). Compared with WT mice, renal renin was higher in the juxtaglomerular cells of KO mice. BP was similar in WT mice on a high- (3.1%) versus low- (0.3%) sodium diet (+0.4 +/- 0.8 mm Hg), but KO mice showed salt sensitivity (+3.3 +/- 0.8 mm Hg; P<0.001). Since microRNAs can target several mRNAs simultaneously, we performed single-nuclei RNA sequencing in 6699 renal cells. We identified 12 distinct types of renal cells, all of which had genes that were dysregulated. This included genes involved in renal fibrosis and inflammation such as Stat4, Col4a1, Cd81, Flt3l, Cxcl16, and Smad4. We observed upregulation of pathways related to the immune system, inflammatory response, reactive oxygen species, and nerve development, consistent with higher tyrosine hydroxylase in the kidney. In conclusion, downregulation of the miR-181a gene led to increased BP and salt sensitivity in mice. This is likely due to an increase in renin expression in juxtaglomerular cells, as well as microRNA-driven pleiotropic effects impacting renal pathways associated with hypertension.
- Authors: Paterson, Madeleine , Jackson, Kristy , Dona, Malathi , Farrugia, Gabriella , Visniauskas, Bruna , Watson, Anna , Johnson, Chad , Prieto, Minolfa , Evans, Roger , Charchar, Fadi , Pinto, Alexander , Marques, Francine , Head, Geoffrey
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Hypertension Vol. 78, no. 5 (Nov 2021), p. 1322-1334
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: MicroRNA miR-181a is downregulated in the kidneys of hypertensive patients and hypertensive mice. In vitro, miR-181a is a posttranslational inhibitor of renin expression, but pleiotropic mechanisms by which miR-181a may influence blood pressure (BP) are unknown. Here, we determined whether deletion of miR-181a/b-1 in vivo changes BP and the molecular mechanisms involved at the single-cell level. We developed a KO (knockout) mouse model lacking miR-181a/b-1 genes using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Radiotelemetry probes were implanted in 12-week-old C57BL/6J WT (wild type) and miR-181a/b-1 KO mice. Systolic and diastolic BP were 4- to 5-mm Hg higher in KO compared with WT mice over 24 hours (P<0.01). Compared with WT mice, renal renin was higher in the juxtaglomerular cells of KO mice. BP was similar in WT mice on a high- (3.1%) versus low- (0.3%) sodium diet (+0.4 +/- 0.8 mm Hg), but KO mice showed salt sensitivity (+3.3 +/- 0.8 mm Hg; P<0.001). Since microRNAs can target several mRNAs simultaneously, we performed single-nuclei RNA sequencing in 6699 renal cells. We identified 12 distinct types of renal cells, all of which had genes that were dysregulated. This included genes involved in renal fibrosis and inflammation such as Stat4, Col4a1, Cd81, Flt3l, Cxcl16, and Smad4. We observed upregulation of pathways related to the immune system, inflammatory response, reactive oxygen species, and nerve development, consistent with higher tyrosine hydroxylase in the kidney. In conclusion, downregulation of the miR-181a gene led to increased BP and salt sensitivity in mice. This is likely due to an increase in renin expression in juxtaglomerular cells, as well as microRNA-driven pleiotropic effects impacting renal pathways associated with hypertension.
TIMP-2 regulates proliferation, invasion and STAT3-mediated cancer stem cell-dependent chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells
- Escalona, Ruth, Bilandzic, Maree, Western, Patrick, Kadife, Elif, Kannourakis, George, Findlay, Jock, Ahmed, Nuzhat
- Authors: Escalona, Ruth , Bilandzic, Maree , Western, Patrick , Kadife, Elif , Kannourakis, George , Findlay, Jock , Ahmed, Nuzhat
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: BMC Cancer Vol. 20, no. 1 (2020), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: The metzincin family of metalloproteinases and the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are essential proteins required for biological processes during cancer progression. This study aimed to determine the role of TIMP-2 in ovarian cancer progression and chemoresistance by reducing TIMP-2 expression in vitro in Fallopian tube secretory epithelial (FT282) and ovarian cancer (JHOS2 and OVCAR4) cell lines. Methods: FT282, JHOS2 and OVCAR4 cells were transiently transfected with either single or pooled TIMP-2 siRNAs. The expression of different genes after TIMP-2 knock down (T2-KD) or in response to chemotherapy was determined at the mRNA level by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) and at the protein level by immunofluorescence. Sensitivity of the cell lines in response to chemotherapy after TIMP-2 knock down was investigated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and 5-Ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays. Cell invasion in response to TIMP-2 knockdown was determined by xCELLigence. Results: Sixty to 90 % knock down of TIMP-2 expression was confirmed in FT282, OVCAR4 and JHOS2 cell lines at the mRNA and protein levels. TIMP-2 knock down did not change the mRNA expression of TIMP-1 or TIMP-3. However, a significant downregulation of MMP-2 in T2-KD cells occurred at both the protein and activation levels, compared to Control (Cont; scrambled siRNA) and Parental cells (P, transfection reagent only). In contrast, membrane bound MT1-MMP protein levels were significantly upregulated in T2-KD compared to Cont and P cells. T2-KD cells exhibited enhanced proliferation and increased sensitivity to cisplatin and paclitaxel treatments. Enhanced invasion was observed in the T2-KD-JOSH2 and OVCAR4 cells but not in T2-KD-FT282 cells. Treatment with cisplatin or paclitaxel significantly elevated the expression of TIMP-2 in Cont cells but not in T2-KD cells, consistent with significantly elevated expression of chemoresistance and CSC markers and activation of STAT3. Furthermore, a potent inhibitor of STAT3 activation, Momelotinib, suppressed chemotherapy-induced activation of P-STAT3 in OVCAR4 cells with concomitant reductions in the expression of chemoresistance genes and CSC markers. Conclusions: The above results suggest that TIMP-2 may have a novel role in ovarian cancer proliferation, invasion and chemoresistance. © 2020 The Author(s).
- Authors: Escalona, Ruth , Bilandzic, Maree , Western, Patrick , Kadife, Elif , Kannourakis, George , Findlay, Jock , Ahmed, Nuzhat
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: BMC Cancer Vol. 20, no. 1 (2020), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: The metzincin family of metalloproteinases and the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are essential proteins required for biological processes during cancer progression. This study aimed to determine the role of TIMP-2 in ovarian cancer progression and chemoresistance by reducing TIMP-2 expression in vitro in Fallopian tube secretory epithelial (FT282) and ovarian cancer (JHOS2 and OVCAR4) cell lines. Methods: FT282, JHOS2 and OVCAR4 cells were transiently transfected with either single or pooled TIMP-2 siRNAs. The expression of different genes after TIMP-2 knock down (T2-KD) or in response to chemotherapy was determined at the mRNA level by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) and at the protein level by immunofluorescence. Sensitivity of the cell lines in response to chemotherapy after TIMP-2 knock down was investigated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and 5-Ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays. Cell invasion in response to TIMP-2 knockdown was determined by xCELLigence. Results: Sixty to 90 % knock down of TIMP-2 expression was confirmed in FT282, OVCAR4 and JHOS2 cell lines at the mRNA and protein levels. TIMP-2 knock down did not change the mRNA expression of TIMP-1 or TIMP-3. However, a significant downregulation of MMP-2 in T2-KD cells occurred at both the protein and activation levels, compared to Control (Cont; scrambled siRNA) and Parental cells (P, transfection reagent only). In contrast, membrane bound MT1-MMP protein levels were significantly upregulated in T2-KD compared to Cont and P cells. T2-KD cells exhibited enhanced proliferation and increased sensitivity to cisplatin and paclitaxel treatments. Enhanced invasion was observed in the T2-KD-JOSH2 and OVCAR4 cells but not in T2-KD-FT282 cells. Treatment with cisplatin or paclitaxel significantly elevated the expression of TIMP-2 in Cont cells but not in T2-KD cells, consistent with significantly elevated expression of chemoresistance and CSC markers and activation of STAT3. Furthermore, a potent inhibitor of STAT3 activation, Momelotinib, suppressed chemotherapy-induced activation of P-STAT3 in OVCAR4 cells with concomitant reductions in the expression of chemoresistance genes and CSC markers. Conclusions: The above results suggest that TIMP-2 may have a novel role in ovarian cancer proliferation, invasion and chemoresistance. © 2020 The Author(s).
Serum antinuclear autoantibodies are associated with measures of oxidative stress and lifestyle factors : analysis of LIPIDOGRAM2015 and LIPIDOGEN2015 studies
- Krzemień, Pawel, Kasperczyk, S, Banach, Maciej, Kasperczyk, Aleksandra, Dobrakowski, Michal, Tomasik, Tomasz, Windak, Adam, Mastej, Miroslaw, Catapano, Alberico, Ray, Kausik, Mikhailidis, Dimitri, Toth, Peter, Howard, George, Lip, Gregory, Tomaszewski, Maciej, Charchar, Fadi, Sattar, Naveed, Williams, Bryan, MacDonald, Thomas, Penson, Peter, Jóźwiak, Jacek
- Authors: Krzemień, Pawel , Kasperczyk, S , Banach, Maciej , Kasperczyk, Aleksandra , Dobrakowski, Michal , Tomasik, Tomasz , Windak, Adam , Mastej, Miroslaw , Catapano, Alberico , Ray, Kausik , Mikhailidis, Dimitri , Toth, Peter , Howard, George , Lip, Gregory , Tomaszewski, Maciej , Charchar, Fadi , Sattar, Naveed , Williams, Bryan , MacDonald, Thomas , Penson, Peter , Jóźwiak, Jacek
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Archives of Medical Science Vol. 19, no. 5 (2023), p. 1214-1227
- Full Text:
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- Description: Introduction: Oxidative stress is one of many factors suspected to promote antinuclear autoantibody (ANA) formation. Reactive oxygen species can induce changes in the antigenic structure of macromolecules, causing the immune system to treat them as “neo-antigens” and start production of autoantibodies. This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between oxidative stress markers, lifestyle factors and the detection of ANA. Material and methods: We examined measures of oxidative stress indices of free-radical damage to lipids and proteins, such as total oxidant status (TOS), concentration of protein thiol groups (PSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA), activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in 1731 serum samples. The parameters of the non-enzymatic antioxidant system, such as total antioxidant status (TAS) and uric acid (UA) concentration, were also measured and the oxidative stress index (OSI-index) was calculated. All samples were tested for the presence of ANA using an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IIFA). Results: The presence of ANA in women was associated with lower physical activity (p = 0.036), less frequent smoking (p = 0.007) and drinking of alcohol (p = 0.024) accompanied by significant changes in SOD isoenzymes activity (p < 0.001) and a higher uric acid (UA) concentration (p < 0.001). In ANA positive males we observed lower concentrations of PSH (p = 0.046) and increased concentrations of MDA (p = 0.047). Conclusions: The results indicate that local oxidative stress may be associated with increased probability of ANA formation in a sex-specific manner. © 2021 Termedia & Banach.
- Authors: Krzemień, Pawel , Kasperczyk, S , Banach, Maciej , Kasperczyk, Aleksandra , Dobrakowski, Michal , Tomasik, Tomasz , Windak, Adam , Mastej, Miroslaw , Catapano, Alberico , Ray, Kausik , Mikhailidis, Dimitri , Toth, Peter , Howard, George , Lip, Gregory , Tomaszewski, Maciej , Charchar, Fadi , Sattar, Naveed , Williams, Bryan , MacDonald, Thomas , Penson, Peter , Jóźwiak, Jacek
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Archives of Medical Science Vol. 19, no. 5 (2023), p. 1214-1227
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Introduction: Oxidative stress is one of many factors suspected to promote antinuclear autoantibody (ANA) formation. Reactive oxygen species can induce changes in the antigenic structure of macromolecules, causing the immune system to treat them as “neo-antigens” and start production of autoantibodies. This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between oxidative stress markers, lifestyle factors and the detection of ANA. Material and methods: We examined measures of oxidative stress indices of free-radical damage to lipids and proteins, such as total oxidant status (TOS), concentration of protein thiol groups (PSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA), activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in 1731 serum samples. The parameters of the non-enzymatic antioxidant system, such as total antioxidant status (TAS) and uric acid (UA) concentration, were also measured and the oxidative stress index (OSI-index) was calculated. All samples were tested for the presence of ANA using an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IIFA). Results: The presence of ANA in women was associated with lower physical activity (p = 0.036), less frequent smoking (p = 0.007) and drinking of alcohol (p = 0.024) accompanied by significant changes in SOD isoenzymes activity (p < 0.001) and a higher uric acid (UA) concentration (p < 0.001). In ANA positive males we observed lower concentrations of PSH (p = 0.046) and increased concentrations of MDA (p = 0.047). Conclusions: The results indicate that local oxidative stress may be associated with increased probability of ANA formation in a sex-specific manner. © 2021 Termedia & Banach.
Limited impact of neonatal or early infant schedules of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Papua New Guinean children: A randomized controlled trial
- Aho, Celestine, Michael, Audrey, Yoannes, Mition, Greenhill, Andrew, Jacoby, Peter, Reeder, John, Pomat, William, Saleu, Gerard, Namuigi, Pioto, Phuanukoonnon, Suparat, Smith-Vaughan, Heidi, Leach, Amanda, Richmond, Peter, Lehmann, Deborah
- Authors: Aho, Celestine , Michael, Audrey , Yoannes, Mition , Greenhill, Andrew , Jacoby, Peter , Reeder, John , Pomat, William , Saleu, Gerard , Namuigi, Pioto , Phuanukoonnon, Suparat , Smith-Vaughan, Heidi , Leach, Amanda , Richmond, Peter , Lehmann, Deborah
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Vaccine Reports Vol. 6, no. (2016), p. 36-43
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of pneumonia, the most common cause of childhood death. Papua New Guinean children experience high rates of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal colonization within weeks of birth, predisposing them to pneumococcal disease. In a trial to determine the safety and immunogenicity of early infant vaccination with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (7vPCV), we investigated the impact of early schedules on pneumococcal carriage. Infants were randomized at birth to receive 7vPCV in a 0–1–2-month (n = 101) or a 1–2–3-month (n = 105) schedule or no 7vPCV (n = 106). All children received 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine at age 9 months. We cultured nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) collected at ages 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks and 3, 9, 18 months, and middle ear discharge if present. Pneumococcal serotypes were identified by the Quellung reaction. A total of 1761 NPS were cultured. The prevalence of pneumococcal carriage was 22% at 1 week of age, rising to 80% by age 3 months and remained >70% thereafter, with high-density carriage in 42% of pneumococcuspositive samples. We identified 63 different serotypes; 43% of isolates from controls were 13vPCV serotypes. There were no significant differences in 7vPCV serotype carriage between 7vPCV recipients and controls at any age (22% vs. 31% at 9 months, p = 0.2). At age 9 months the prevalence of non-7vPCV carriage was 17% higher in 7vPCV recipients (48%) than in controls (25%, p = 0.02). More non-7vPCV serotypes were isolated from ear discharge in 16 7vPCV recipients than from 4 controls (48% vs. 25%, p = 0.13). The limited impact of neonatal or accelerated infant 7vPCV schedules on vaccine serotype carriage is probably due to the early onset of dense carriage of a broad range of pneumococcal serotypes. While serotype-independent pneumococcal vaccines are needed in high-risk populations, the underlying environmental factors and sources of infection must be investigated.
- Authors: Aho, Celestine , Michael, Audrey , Yoannes, Mition , Greenhill, Andrew , Jacoby, Peter , Reeder, John , Pomat, William , Saleu, Gerard , Namuigi, Pioto , Phuanukoonnon, Suparat , Smith-Vaughan, Heidi , Leach, Amanda , Richmond, Peter , Lehmann, Deborah
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Vaccine Reports Vol. 6, no. (2016), p. 36-43
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of pneumonia, the most common cause of childhood death. Papua New Guinean children experience high rates of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal colonization within weeks of birth, predisposing them to pneumococcal disease. In a trial to determine the safety and immunogenicity of early infant vaccination with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (7vPCV), we investigated the impact of early schedules on pneumococcal carriage. Infants were randomized at birth to receive 7vPCV in a 0–1–2-month (n = 101) or a 1–2–3-month (n = 105) schedule or no 7vPCV (n = 106). All children received 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine at age 9 months. We cultured nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) collected at ages 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks and 3, 9, 18 months, and middle ear discharge if present. Pneumococcal serotypes were identified by the Quellung reaction. A total of 1761 NPS were cultured. The prevalence of pneumococcal carriage was 22% at 1 week of age, rising to 80% by age 3 months and remained >70% thereafter, with high-density carriage in 42% of pneumococcuspositive samples. We identified 63 different serotypes; 43% of isolates from controls were 13vPCV serotypes. There were no significant differences in 7vPCV serotype carriage between 7vPCV recipients and controls at any age (22% vs. 31% at 9 months, p = 0.2). At age 9 months the prevalence of non-7vPCV carriage was 17% higher in 7vPCV recipients (48%) than in controls (25%, p = 0.02). More non-7vPCV serotypes were isolated from ear discharge in 16 7vPCV recipients than from 4 controls (48% vs. 25%, p = 0.13). The limited impact of neonatal or accelerated infant 7vPCV schedules on vaccine serotype carriage is probably due to the early onset of dense carriage of a broad range of pneumococcal serotypes. While serotype-independent pneumococcal vaccines are needed in high-risk populations, the underlying environmental factors and sources of infection must be investigated.
Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Reitsma, Marissa, Kendrick, Parkes, Ababneh, Emad, Abbafati, Cristiana, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Authors: Reitsma, Marissa , Kendrick, Parkes , Ababneh, Emad , Abbafati, Cristiana , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: The Lancet Vol. 397, no. 10292 (2021), p. 2337-2360
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Ending the global tobacco epidemic is a defining challenge in global health. Timely and comprehensive estimates of the prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden are needed to guide tobacco control efforts nationally and globally. Methods: We estimated the prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden for 204 countries and territories, by age and sex, from 1990 to 2019 as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study. We modelled multiple smoking-related indicators from 3625 nationally representative surveys. We completed systematic reviews and did Bayesian meta-regressions for 36 causally linked health outcomes to estimate non-linear dose-response risk curves for current and former smokers. We used a direct estimation approach to estimate attributable burden, providing more comprehensive estimates of the health effects of smoking than previously available. Findings: Globally in 2019, 1·14 billion (95% uncertainty interval 1·13–1·16) individuals were current smokers, who consumed 7·41 trillion (7·11–7·74) cigarette-equivalents of tobacco in 2019. Although prevalence of smoking had decreased significantly since 1990 among both males (27·5% [26·5–28·5] reduction) and females (37·7% [35·4–39·9] reduction) aged 15 years and older, population growth has led to a significant increase in the total number of smokers from 0·99 billion (0·98–1·00) in 1990. Globally in 2019, smoking tobacco use accounted for 7·69 million (7·16–8·20) deaths and 200 million (185–214) disability-adjusted life-years, and was the leading risk factor for death among males (20·2% [19·3–21·1] of male deaths). 6·68 million [86·9%] of 7·69 million deaths attributable to smoking tobacco use were among current smokers. Interpretation: In the absence of intervention, the annual toll of 7·69 million deaths and 200 million disability-adjusted life-years attributable to smoking will increase over the coming decades. Substantial progress in reducing the prevalence of smoking tobacco use has been observed in countries from all regions and at all stages of development, but a large implementation gap remains for tobacco control. Countries have a clear and urgent opportunity to pass strong, evidence-based policies to accelerate reductions in the prevalence of smoking and reap massive health benefits for their citizens. Funding: Bloomberg Philanthropies and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 5 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Muhammad Aziz Rahman" is provided in this record**
- Authors: Reitsma, Marissa , Kendrick, Parkes , Ababneh, Emad , Abbafati, Cristiana , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: The Lancet Vol. 397, no. 10292 (2021), p. 2337-2360
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Ending the global tobacco epidemic is a defining challenge in global health. Timely and comprehensive estimates of the prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden are needed to guide tobacco control efforts nationally and globally. Methods: We estimated the prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden for 204 countries and territories, by age and sex, from 1990 to 2019 as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study. We modelled multiple smoking-related indicators from 3625 nationally representative surveys. We completed systematic reviews and did Bayesian meta-regressions for 36 causally linked health outcomes to estimate non-linear dose-response risk curves for current and former smokers. We used a direct estimation approach to estimate attributable burden, providing more comprehensive estimates of the health effects of smoking than previously available. Findings: Globally in 2019, 1·14 billion (95% uncertainty interval 1·13–1·16) individuals were current smokers, who consumed 7·41 trillion (7·11–7·74) cigarette-equivalents of tobacco in 2019. Although prevalence of smoking had decreased significantly since 1990 among both males (27·5% [26·5–28·5] reduction) and females (37·7% [35·4–39·9] reduction) aged 15 years and older, population growth has led to a significant increase in the total number of smokers from 0·99 billion (0·98–1·00) in 1990. Globally in 2019, smoking tobacco use accounted for 7·69 million (7·16–8·20) deaths and 200 million (185–214) disability-adjusted life-years, and was the leading risk factor for death among males (20·2% [19·3–21·1] of male deaths). 6·68 million [86·9%] of 7·69 million deaths attributable to smoking tobacco use were among current smokers. Interpretation: In the absence of intervention, the annual toll of 7·69 million deaths and 200 million disability-adjusted life-years attributable to smoking will increase over the coming decades. Substantial progress in reducing the prevalence of smoking tobacco use has been observed in countries from all regions and at all stages of development, but a large implementation gap remains for tobacco control. Countries have a clear and urgent opportunity to pass strong, evidence-based policies to accelerate reductions in the prevalence of smoking and reap massive health benefits for their citizens. Funding: Bloomberg Philanthropies and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 5 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Muhammad Aziz Rahman" is provided in this record**
A layered investigation of Chinese in the linguistic landscape : a case study of Box Hill, Melbourne
- Authors: Yao, Xiaofang , Gruba, Paul
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Review of Applied Linguistics Vol. 43, no. 3 (2020), p. 302-336
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Increased attention to urban diversity as a site of study has fostered the recent development of linguistic landscape studies. To date, however, much of the research in this area has concerned the use and spread of English to the exclusion of other global languages. In a case study situated in Box Hill, a large suburb of Melbourne, we adopted a layered approach to investigate the role of Chinese language in Australia. Our data set consisted of hundreds of photographs of street signage in one square block area of the shopping district. Results of our analyses show that signage portrays a variety of code preferences and semiotic choices that in turn reveal insights into the identities, ideologies, and strategies that help to structure the urban environment. As demonstrated in our study, such complexity requires a renewed and situated understanding of key principles of linguistic landscape research (Ben-Rafael & Ben-Rafael, 2015). © John Benjamins Publishing Company
Evaluation of Florpyrauxifen-Benzyl for the control of Cyperus aromaticus (Navua sedge)
- Chadha, Aakansha, Florentine, Singarayer, Dhileepan, Kunjithapatham, Turville, Chris, Dowling, Kim
- Authors: Chadha, Aakansha , Florentine, Singarayer , Dhileepan, Kunjithapatham , Turville, Chris , Dowling, Kim
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Advances in Weed Science Vol. 40, no. (2022), p.
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- Description: Background: Cyperus aromaticus (Navua sedge) is a creeping perennial sedge common to tropical environments, currently threatening many agroecosystems and ecosystems in Pacific Island countries and northern Queensland in Australia. Objective: A glasshouse study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of florpyrauxifen-benzyl on C. aromaticus plants with and without established rhizomes. Methods: The plants with established rhizomes were treated at three application times being mowed, pre-flowering and flowering growth stages and plants without established rhizomes were treated at seedling, pre-flowering and flowering growth stages. At each application time, plants were treated with four rates of florpyrauxifen-benzyl: 0, 15, 30 and 60 g a.i. ha-1 and control. Results: There was no mortality in the plants with established rhizomes. Reduction in the number of tillers was observed at four weeks after treatment (WAT) in plants treated with 30 and 60 g a.i. ha-1 of herbicide, however, there was new growth from the rhizomes and the number of tillers increased at 8 WAT. Conversely, florpyrauxifen-benzyl provided above 95% control in plants without established rhizomes. Conclusions: These results indicate florpyrauxifen-benzyl can help manage a new C. aromaticus infestation prior to the establishment of rhizomes. However, it has little to no impact on C. aromaticus plants with established rhizomes, and other management options should be employed to control them. © 2022, Sociedade Brasileira da Ciencia das Plantas Daninha. All rights reserved.
- Authors: Chadha, Aakansha , Florentine, Singarayer , Dhileepan, Kunjithapatham , Turville, Chris , Dowling, Kim
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Advances in Weed Science Vol. 40, no. (2022), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Cyperus aromaticus (Navua sedge) is a creeping perennial sedge common to tropical environments, currently threatening many agroecosystems and ecosystems in Pacific Island countries and northern Queensland in Australia. Objective: A glasshouse study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of florpyrauxifen-benzyl on C. aromaticus plants with and without established rhizomes. Methods: The plants with established rhizomes were treated at three application times being mowed, pre-flowering and flowering growth stages and plants without established rhizomes were treated at seedling, pre-flowering and flowering growth stages. At each application time, plants were treated with four rates of florpyrauxifen-benzyl: 0, 15, 30 and 60 g a.i. ha-1 and control. Results: There was no mortality in the plants with established rhizomes. Reduction in the number of tillers was observed at four weeks after treatment (WAT) in plants treated with 30 and 60 g a.i. ha-1 of herbicide, however, there was new growth from the rhizomes and the number of tillers increased at 8 WAT. Conversely, florpyrauxifen-benzyl provided above 95% control in plants without established rhizomes. Conclusions: These results indicate florpyrauxifen-benzyl can help manage a new C. aromaticus infestation prior to the establishment of rhizomes. However, it has little to no impact on C. aromaticus plants with established rhizomes, and other management options should be employed to control them. © 2022, Sociedade Brasileira da Ciencia das Plantas Daninha. All rights reserved.
Portuguese version of the spiritual well-being questionnaire : validation study in people under assisted reproductive techniques
- Romeiro, Joana, Nogueira, Paulo, Fisher, John, Caldeira, Silvia
- Authors: Romeiro, Joana , Nogueira, Paulo , Fisher, John , Caldeira, Silvia
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Religions Vol. 13, no. 5 (2022), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Attention has been given to the experience of individuals undergoing assisted reproductive techniques. However, only recent literature has focused on the spiritual journey triggered by such an event and highlighted the nurses and midwives’ roles in the assessment of the spiritual needs of those living with infertility. This study aimed to perform a psychometric test of the factor structure of the Portuguese version of the Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire in a sample of people undergoing assisted reproductive techniques. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2019 and June 2020 on a sample of 104 Portuguese adults attending fertility treatment. An online questionnaire was released on fertility-related websites. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on six hypothesized models of the instrument. The findings provided evidence of an adequate internal consistency of the instrument, and the validity and reliability of the oblique four-factor model was confirmed. Spiritual well-being had a significant association with the nature of infertility and a higher score was achieved by participants that perceived religion as very important. This study provides a validated tool for nurses and midwives to assess spiritual well-being and promote an integrated reproductive healthcare approach. Further longitudinal research with bigger samples would provide more evidence of the spiritual needs of people living with this condition. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
- Authors: Romeiro, Joana , Nogueira, Paulo , Fisher, John , Caldeira, Silvia
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Religions Vol. 13, no. 5 (2022), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Attention has been given to the experience of individuals undergoing assisted reproductive techniques. However, only recent literature has focused on the spiritual journey triggered by such an event and highlighted the nurses and midwives’ roles in the assessment of the spiritual needs of those living with infertility. This study aimed to perform a psychometric test of the factor structure of the Portuguese version of the Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire in a sample of people undergoing assisted reproductive techniques. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2019 and June 2020 on a sample of 104 Portuguese adults attending fertility treatment. An online questionnaire was released on fertility-related websites. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on six hypothesized models of the instrument. The findings provided evidence of an adequate internal consistency of the instrument, and the validity and reliability of the oblique four-factor model was confirmed. Spiritual well-being had a significant association with the nature of infertility and a higher score was achieved by participants that perceived religion as very important. This study provides a validated tool for nurses and midwives to assess spiritual well-being and promote an integrated reproductive healthcare approach. Further longitudinal research with bigger samples would provide more evidence of the spiritual needs of people living with this condition. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Specific humoral response of hosts with variable schistosomiasis susceptibility
- Driguez, Patrick, McWilliam, Hamish, Gaze, Soraya, Piedrafita, David, Pearson, Mark, Nakajima, Rie, Duke, Mary, Trieu, Angela, Doolan, Denise, Cardoso, Fernanda, Jasinskas, Algis, Gobert, Geoffrey, Felgner, Philip, Loukas, Alex, Meeusen, Els, McManus, Donald
- Authors: Driguez, Patrick , McWilliam, Hamish , Gaze, Soraya , Piedrafita, David , Pearson, Mark , Nakajima, Rie , Duke, Mary , Trieu, Angela , Doolan, Denise , Cardoso, Fernanda , Jasinskas, Algis , Gobert, Geoffrey , Felgner, Philip , Loukas, Alex , Meeusen, Els , McManus, Donald
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Immunology and Cell Biology Vol. 94, no. 1 (2016), p. 52-65
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The schistosome blood flukes are some of the largest global causes of parasitic morbidity. Further study of the specific antibody response during schistosomiasis may yield the vaccines and diagnostics needed to combat this disease. Therefore, for the purposes of antigen discovery, sera and antibody-secreting cell (ASC) probes from semi-permissive rats and sera from susceptible mice were used to screen a schistosome protein microarray. Following Schistosoma japonicum infection, rats had reduced pathology, increased antibody responses and broader antigen recognition profiles compared with mice. With successive infections, rat global serological reactivity and the number of recognized antigens increased. The local antibody response in rat skin and lung, measured with ASC probes, increased after parasite migration and contributed antigen-specific antibodies to the multivalent serological response. In addition, the temporal variation of anti-parasite serum antibodies after infection and reinfection followed patterns that appear related to the antigen driving the response. Among the 29 antigens differentially recognized by the infected hosts were numerous known vaccine candidates, drug targets and several S. japonicum homologs of human schistosomiasis resistance markers - the tegument allergen-like proteins. From this set, we prioritized eight proteins that may prove to be novel schistosome vaccine and diagnostic antigens. © 2016 Australasian Society for Immunology Inc. All rights reserved.
- Authors: Driguez, Patrick , McWilliam, Hamish , Gaze, Soraya , Piedrafita, David , Pearson, Mark , Nakajima, Rie , Duke, Mary , Trieu, Angela , Doolan, Denise , Cardoso, Fernanda , Jasinskas, Algis , Gobert, Geoffrey , Felgner, Philip , Loukas, Alex , Meeusen, Els , McManus, Donald
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Immunology and Cell Biology Vol. 94, no. 1 (2016), p. 52-65
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The schistosome blood flukes are some of the largest global causes of parasitic morbidity. Further study of the specific antibody response during schistosomiasis may yield the vaccines and diagnostics needed to combat this disease. Therefore, for the purposes of antigen discovery, sera and antibody-secreting cell (ASC) probes from semi-permissive rats and sera from susceptible mice were used to screen a schistosome protein microarray. Following Schistosoma japonicum infection, rats had reduced pathology, increased antibody responses and broader antigen recognition profiles compared with mice. With successive infections, rat global serological reactivity and the number of recognized antigens increased. The local antibody response in rat skin and lung, measured with ASC probes, increased after parasite migration and contributed antigen-specific antibodies to the multivalent serological response. In addition, the temporal variation of anti-parasite serum antibodies after infection and reinfection followed patterns that appear related to the antigen driving the response. Among the 29 antigens differentially recognized by the infected hosts were numerous known vaccine candidates, drug targets and several S. japonicum homologs of human schistosomiasis resistance markers - the tegument allergen-like proteins. From this set, we prioritized eight proteins that may prove to be novel schistosome vaccine and diagnostic antigens. © 2016 Australasian Society for Immunology Inc. All rights reserved.
Domains of spiritual well-being and development and validation of the spiritual well-being questionnaire
- Authors: Gomez, Rapson , Fisher, John
- Date: 2003
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Personality and Individual Differences Vol. 35, no. 8 (2003), p. 1975-1991
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Fisher (1998) proposed a spiritual well-being model, comprising the domains of personal, communal, environmental and transcendental well-being, and a single global spiritual well-being dimension. This paper reports on four studies aimed at testing Fisher's theoretical model, and establishing the validity and reliability of a new self-rating questionnaire (Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire; SWBQ), developed to reflect this model. All four studies supported Fisher's model. The SWBQ showed good reliability (Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability and variance extracted), and validity (construct, concurrent, discriminant, predictive and factorial independence from personality). The SWBQ has the advantage over other existing spiritual well-being measures in that it is based on a broader and more empirically based conceptualization of spiritual well-being, and has well established psychometric properties. © 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003000503
- Authors: Gomez, Rapson , Fisher, John
- Date: 2003
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Personality and Individual Differences Vol. 35, no. 8 (2003), p. 1975-1991
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Fisher (1998) proposed a spiritual well-being model, comprising the domains of personal, communal, environmental and transcendental well-being, and a single global spiritual well-being dimension. This paper reports on four studies aimed at testing Fisher's theoretical model, and establishing the validity and reliability of a new self-rating questionnaire (Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire; SWBQ), developed to reflect this model. All four studies supported Fisher's model. The SWBQ showed good reliability (Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability and variance extracted), and validity (construct, concurrent, discriminant, predictive and factorial independence from personality). The SWBQ has the advantage over other existing spiritual well-being measures in that it is based on a broader and more empirically based conceptualization of spiritual well-being, and has well established psychometric properties. © 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003000503
Potential allies of the enemy : The Tiwi in World War Two
- Authors: Morris, John
- Date: 2004
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Northern Territory History Vol. 15, no. (2004), p. 77-90
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003000953
- Authors: Morris, John
- Date: 2004
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Northern Territory History Vol. 15, no. (2004), p. 77-90
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003000953