Showing items 12401 - 12420 of 17085

Connectivity of cubical polytopes

- Bui, Hoa, Pineda-Villavicencio, Guillermo, Ugon, Julien

  • Authors: Bui, Hoa , Pineda-Villavicencio, Guillermo , Ugon, Julien
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A Vol. 169, no. (Jan 2019), p. 21
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  • Description: A cubical polytope is a polytope with all its facets being combinatorially equivalent to cubes. We deal with the connectivity of the graphs of cubical polytopes. We first establish that, for any d >= 3, the graph of a cubical d-polytope with minimum degree 5 is min{delta, 2d - 2}-connected. Second, we show, for any d >= 4, that every minimum separator of cardinality at most 2d - 3 in such a graph consists of all the neighbours of some vertex and that removing the vertices of the separator from the graph leaves exactly two components, with one of them being the vertex itself. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Conscription and the strange case of Captain Father Thomas O’Donnell

- Beggs-Sunter, Anne

Contrasting effects of mosaic structure on alpha and beta diversity of bird assemblages in a human-modified landscape

- Neilan, Wendy, Barton, Philip, McAlpine, Clive, Wood, Jeffrey, Lindenmayer, David

  • Authors: Neilan, Wendy , Barton, Philip , McAlpine, Clive , Wood, Jeffrey , Lindenmayer, David
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Ecography Vol. 42, no. 1 (2019), p. 173-186
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  • Description: Habitat loss and fragmentation are key processes causing biodiversity loss in human-modified landscapes. Knowledge of these processes has largely been derived from measuring biodiversity at the scale of ‘within-habitat’ fragments with the surrounding landscape considered as matrix. Yet, the loss of variation in species assemblages ‘among’ habitat fragments (landscape-scale) may be as important a driver of biodiversity loss as the loss of diversity ‘within’ habitat fragments (local-scale). We tested the hypothesis that heterogeneity in vegetation cover is important for maintaining alpha and beta diversity in human-modified landscapes. We surveyed bird assemblages in eighty 300-m-long transects nested within twenty 1-km 2 vegetation ‘mosaics’, with mosaics assigned to four categories defined by the cover extent and configuration of native eucalypt forest and exotic pine plantation. We examined bird assemblages at two spatial scales: 1) within and among transects, and 2) within and among mosaics. Alpha diversity was the mean species diversity within-transects or within-mosaics and beta diversity quantified the effective number of compositionally distinct transects or mosaics. We found that within-transect alpha diversity was highest in vegetation mosaics defined by continuous eucalypt forest, lowest in mosaics of continuous pine plantation, and at intermediate levels in mosaics containing eucalypt patches in a pine matrix. We found that eucalypt mosaics had lower beta diversity than other mosaic types when ignoring relative abundances, but had similar or higher beta diversity when weighting with species abundances. Mosaics containing both pine and eucalypt forest differed in their bird compositional variation among transects, despite sharing a similar suite of species. This configuration effect at the mosaic scale reflected differences in vegetation composition among transects. Maintaining heterogeneity in vegetation cover could help to maintain variation among bird assemblages across landscapes, thus partially offsetting local-scale diversity losses due to fragmentation. Critical to this is the retention of remnant native vegetation. © 2018 The Authors

Controlled ecological evaluation of an implemented exercise-training programme to prevent lower limb injuries in sport : Population-level trends in hospital-treated injuries

- Finch, Caroline, Gray, Shannon, Akram, Muhammad, Donaldson, Alex, Lloyd, David, Cook, Jill

  • Authors: Finch, Caroline , Gray, Shannon , Akram, Muhammad , Donaldson, Alex , Lloyd, David , Cook, Jill
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: British Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 53, no. 8 (2019), p. 487-492
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  • Description: Objective Exercise-training programmes have reduced lower limb injuries in trials, but their population-level effectiveness has not been reported in implementation trials. This study aimed to demonstrate that routinely collected hospital data can be used to evaluate population-level programme effectiveness. Method A controlled ecological design was used to evaluate the effect of FootyFirst, an exercise-training programme, on the number of hospital-treated lower limb injuries sustained by males aged 16-50 years while participating in community-level Australian Football. FootyFirst was implemented with a € support' (FootyFirst+S) or a € without support' (FootyFirst+NS) in different geographic regions of Victoria, Australia: 22 clubs in region 1: FootyFirst+S in 2012/2013; 25 clubs in region 2: FootyFirst+NS in 2012/2013; 31 clubs region 3: control in 2012, FootyFirst+S in 2013. Interrupted time-series analysis compared injury counts across regions and against trends in the rest of Victoria. Results After 1 year of FootyFirst+S, there was a non-statistically significant decline in the number of lower limb injuries in region 1 (2012) and region 3 (2013); this was not maintained after 2 years in region 1. Compared with before FootyFirst in 2006-2011, injury count changes at the end of 2013 were: region 1: 20.0% reduction (after 2 years support); region 2: 21.5% increase (after 2 years without support); region 3: 21.8% increase (after first year no programme, second year programme with support); rest of Victoria: 12.6% increase. Conclusion Ecological analyses using routinely collected hospital data show promise as the basis of population-level programme evaluation. The implementation and sustainability of sports injury prevention programmes at the population-level remains challenging.

Convexity and closedness in stable robust duality

- Dinh, Nguyen, Goberna, Miguel, López, Marco, Volle, Michel

  • Authors: Dinh, Nguyen , Goberna, Miguel , López, Marco , Volle, Michel
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Optimization Letters Vol. 13, no. 2 (2019), p. 325-339
  • Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP160100854
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  • Description: The paper deals with optimization problems with uncertain constraints and linear perturbations of the objective function, which are associated with given families of perturbation functions whose dual variable depends on the uncertainty parameters. More in detail, the paper provides characterizations of stable strong robust duality and stable robust duality under convexity and closedness assumptions. The paper also reviews the classical Fenchel duality of the sum of two functions by considering a suitable family of perturbation functions.

Corporate sustainability and responsibility in ecotourism: Entrepreneurial motivation enacted through sustainability objectives

- Swan, Christopher, Morgan, Damian

  • Authors: Swan, Christopher , Morgan, Damian
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Corporate sustainability and responsibility in tourism Chapter 13 p. 209-227
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  • Description: Corporate Sustainability and Responsibility (CSR) refers to organisational behaviours dedicated to the responsible use of natural resources, sensitivity to social capital or host culture and the sustainable distribution of economic wealth. These behaviours create social value and are in the interest of wider society. Organisations, including those who operate within the tourism industry, have been under longstanding social pressure to exhibit CSR behaviours. This social pressure has ultimately contributed to the emergence of sustainable tourism forms such as ecotourism. However, as this chapter recounts, there is no guarantee that the sustainability premise on which ecotourism has been founded will equate to actual responsible business behaviours. This chapter identifies that social and environmental failings observed within ecotourism may be a result of poor community consultation, ineffective ecotourism management and ‘inauthentic’ entrepreneurial motivations. It argues that should these failings be addressed, ecotourism does hold some potential to positively contribute to the tourism industries’ engagement with both sustainable and responsible behaviour. In part, this potential is dependent upon an ability to attract ‘altruistically motivated’ entrepreneurs to ecotourism business start-up, as these entrepreneurial types may represent a more reliable exponent of sustainable business behaviours. This proposition would be further supported where altruistic motivation is coupled with responsive ecotourism development, management and consultation. There is a role then for government and other tourism industry stakeholders to develop and offer support and management mechanisms for altruistically motivated ecotourism developments.

Corroborees in Goldrush Victoria

- Cahir, David (Fred), Clark, Ian

Creating a culturally safe space when teaching aboriginal content in social work: A scoping review

- Fernando, Terrina, Bennett, Bindi

  • Authors: Fernando, Terrina , Bennett, Bindi
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Australian social work Vol. 72, no. 1 (2019), p. 47-61
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  • Description: Teaching Aboriginal content in social work education presents risks of retraumatisation for students. There are international calls for a trauma-informed teaching model that creates cultural safety in the classroom. This study aimed to develop a trauma-informed model for social work education by reviewing the literature on cultural safety for Aboriginal peoples. This model incorporates key aspects of ensuring Aboriginal cultural safety: de-colonise social work education collaborative partnerships build relationships critical reflection develop cultural courage and yarning and story-telling. It provides a valuable framework for creating a more equitable teaching and learning environment that also ensures the essential academic content is covered. IMPLICATIONS Trauma underlies the historical, contemporary and cultural narratives of Aboriginal peoples. Students engaging in Aboriginal content that is traumatic can mean connecting with trauma that has occurred in their own lives. Trauma-informed teaching and learning will ensure that educators create culturally safe spaces that enable students to engage well with content. The adoption of the framework proposed in this paper may lead to the creation of a culturally safe space for teaching and learning in social work education.

CRICRATE : A cricket match conduction and player evaluation framework

- Uddin, Md Ashraf, Hasan, Mahmudul, Halder, Sajal, Ahamed, Sajeeb, Acharjee, Uzzal

Crime concentration in Perth CBD : A comparison of officer predicted hot spots, data derived hot spots and officer GPS patrol data

- Oatley, Giles, Williams, Stephen, Barnes, Geoffrey, Clare, Joseph, Chapman, Brendan

  • Authors: Oatley, Giles , Williams, Stephen , Barnes, Geoffrey , Clare, Joseph , Chapman, Brendan
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences Vol. 51, no. sup1 (2019), p. S136-S140
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  • Description: In an applied criminology context, recent meta-analyses and randomized control trials have demonstrated the benefits of targeting police patrols at hot spots or concentrations of street level crime and disorder. This study asked a group of 79 police officers from Perth to make a prediction, based on their experience, of where hot spots of crime would occur in the near future. Officer-defined hot spots were then compared with hot spots derived from police crime data over the preceding 24 month period. Finally, officer patrol time was tracked using a GPS-enabled smart phone and overlayed against both types of hot spot. This analysis indicates that police officers should be supported with hot spot mapping tools which identify data derived micro-places with persistent issues. Analysis also reveals officers patrol both their own and data-derived hot spots regularly; however, they only stay for a matter of a few minutes. These short stays are contrary to best evidence, which dictates officer patrols in hot spots should last for approximately 15 minutes in order to create both initial and residual deterrence.

Criteria to measure social media value in health care settings : narrative literature review

- Ukoha, Chukwuma, Stranieri, Andrew

  • Authors: Ukoha, Chukwuma , Stranieri, Andrew
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article , Review
  • Relation: Journal of Medical Internet Research Vol. 21, no. 12 (2019), p.
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  • Description: Background: With the growing use of social media in health care settings, there is a need to measure outcomes resulting from its use to ensure continuous performance improvement. Despite the need for measurement, a unified approach for measuring the value of social media used in health care remains elusive. Objective: This study aimed to elucidate how the value of social media in health care settings can be ascertained and to taxonomically identify steps and techniques in social media measurement from a review of relevant literature. Methods: A total of 65 relevant articles drawn from 341 articles on the subject of measuring social media in health care settings were qualitatively analyzed and synthesized. The articles were selected from the literature from diverse disciplines including business, information systems, medical informatics, and medicine. Results: The review of the literature showed different levels and focus of analysis when measuring the value of social media in health care settings. It equally showed that there are various metrics for measurement, levels of measurement, approaches to measurement, and scales of measurement. Each may be relevant, depending on the use case of social media in health care. Conclusions: A comprehensive yardstick is required to simplify the measurement of outcomes resulting from the use of social media in health care. At the moment, there is neither a consensus on what indicators to measure nor on how to measure them. We hope that this review is used as a starting point to create a comprehensive measurement criterion for social media used in health care. © 2019 Chukwuma Ukoha, Andrew Stranieri.

Cuing both positive and negative episodic foresight reduces delay discounting but does not affect risk-taking

- Bulley, Adam, Miloyan, Beyon, Pepper, Gillian, Gullo, Matthew, Henry, Julie, Suddendorf, Thomas

  • Authors: Bulley, Adam , Miloyan, Beyon , Pepper, Gillian , Gullo, Matthew , Henry, Julie , Suddendorf, Thomas
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Vol. 72, no. 8 (2019), p. 1998-2017
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  • Description: Humans frequently create mental models of the future, allowing outcomes to be inferred in advance of their occurrence. Recent evidence suggests that imagining positive future events reduces delay discounting (the devaluation of reward with time until its receipt), while imagining negative future events may increase it. Here, using a sample of 297 participants, we experimentally assess the effects of cued episodic simulation of positive and negative future scenarios on decision-making in the context of both delay discounting (monetary choice questionnaire) and risk-taking (balloon-analogue risk task). Participants discounted the future less when cued to imagine positive and negative future scenarios than they did when cued to engage in control neutral imagery. There were no effects of experimental condition on risk-taking. Thus, although these results replicate previous findings suggesting episodic future simulation can reduce delay discounting, they indicate that this effect is not dependent on the valence of the thoughts, and does not generalise to all other forms of impulsive decision-making. We discuss various interpretations of these results, and suggest avenues for further research on the role of prospection in decision-making.

Cultivation of low tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Cannabis sativa L. cultivation in Victoria, Australia: Do we know enough?

- Humphries, Talia, Florentine, Singarayer

  • Authors: Humphries, Talia , Florentine, Singarayer
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Australian Journal of Crop Science Vol. 13, no. 6 (2019), p. 911-919
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  • Description: Late 2017, the ban on the cultivation and consumption of low tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Cannabis sativa L. in Victoria, was lifted by the Federal Government of Australia. Its legalization presents the opportunity for Victoria to become a leading producer and distributer of these economically valuable hemp products. However, as a novel crop to Victoria, there is little information available for obtaining economically viable yields. Therefore, the objectives of this review were to firstly, develop an understanding of the environmental requirements shared by C. sativa cultivars, and what conditions promote fibre and grain yields. Secondly, it seeks to identify what farming practices have been conducted throughout Europe, Canada and China, and to explore whether these practices could be adapted to Victoria. Thirdly, the review will assist in making recommendations regarding which cultivars would be 'potential' candidates for commencing trials under Victorian climates so to find out the varieties that can provide high yields for fibre, grain and dual-purpose production. This review notes that Victoria shares a similar climate to central Europe, and has an ideal climate for the development of a successful hemp industry, as it has suitable lengths of daylight throughout spring and summer months and meets the precipitation requirements. This review has thus strongly suggested that the properties and attributes of European varieties of C. sativa should be further researched for site-specific cultivation in Victoria for fibre, grain and dual-purpose production in order to maximise harvest yields. © 2007-2019 Southern Cross Publishing-Australia.

Customer orientation and firm performance : The joint moderating effects of ethical leadership and competitive intensity

- Feng, Taiwen, Wang, Dan, Lawton, Alan, Luo, Ben

  • Authors: Feng, Taiwen , Wang, Dan , Lawton, Alan , Luo, Ben
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Business Research Vol. 100, no. (2019), p. 111-121
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  • Description: Although the importance of customer orientation (CO) has been recognized, its relationship with firm performance is far from clear. This lack of clarity is partly because the impact of CO on firm performance may depend on certain internal or external factors. Based on social learning theory and an interactional perspective, this study concurrently explores the separate and joint moderating effects of ethical leadership and competitive intensity. Survey data from 264 Chinese firms was collected to test the hypotheses. The results show that humane leadership and moderation leadership help firms to better leverage CO for enhancing their performance. The absence of moderation leadership may be particularly harmful for firms operating in a less competitive environment while the moderating effect is not influenced by competitive intensity. In addition, justice leadership has a positive impact for firms operating in a more competitive environment, which assists firms to better realize the benefits of CO.

Cybersecurity indexes for eHealth

- Burke, Wendy, Oseni, Taiwo, Jolfaei, Alireza, Gondal, Iqbal

  • Authors: Burke, Wendy , Oseni, Taiwo , Jolfaei, Alireza , Gondal, Iqbal
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Conference proceedings
  • Relation: 2019 Australasian Computer Science Week Multiconference, ACSW 2019; Sydney, Australia; 29th-31st January 2019 p. 1-8
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  • Description: This study aimed to explore the cybersecurity landscape to identify cybersecurity indexes that may be relevant to the health industry. While the healthcare sector poses security concerns regarding patients' records, cybersecurity in the healthcare sector has not been given much consideration. Cybersecurity indexes are a survey that measures security preparedness and capabilities of a country or organisation. An index is made up of a series of questions, often broken into categories. These categories target areas such as law, technical responses, organisational threats, capacity building and social context. Some indexes provide ranking capabilities against other countries, while others directly evaluate what it means to be cyber-ready. In this paper, cybersecurity indexes were reviewed regarding the level of assessment (country level/organisation level), and their consideration of the wider community, the health sector, and their appearance in academic literature. Results from this study found that there was no consistency between the indexes investigated, with each index having a diverse number of categories and indicators. Some indexes resulted in a score; others did not rank their results in league tables. Evidence to calculate the level of adherence was often obtained from secondary sources, with four of the country indexes using both primary and secondary sources. Eight (out of fourteen) indexes measured wider community indicators and only one index specifically measured eHealth services. Findings from the initial systematic review suggest that hardly any peer-reviewed journal articles exist on the topic of cybersecurity indexes. The paper concludes that most of the indexes studied are broad and do not consider the eHealth sector specifically. Each index relies on a different process to gauge cybersecurity, with little to no academic rigour. It is expected that this research will contribute to the current (limited) literature addressing cybersecurity indexes.
  • Description: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series

Data quality in asset management creating and maintaining a foundation for data analytics

- Tam, Allen, Kwan, Iris

  • Authors: Tam, Allen , Kwan, Iris
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Asset intelligence through integration and interoperability and contemporary vibration engineering technologies p. 567-574
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  • Description: Data analytics (in particular “Big Data” analytics) is one of the hot topics in recent digital technology innovations. There is an increasing trend and focus on the value data analytics can bring to the business. Internet of Things (IoT) and advancement in technology have resulted in even more data being created and assessed. There are many new tools and software developments that promise “silver bullet” type solutions, with advanced dashboard, reporting, graphic visualisation and predictive capabilities. Little attention is however given to the data quality aspect of the puzzle. Incorrect data can lead to lost opportunities, incorrect decisions, and costly enterprise system implementations. This paper provides an overview of the challenges contributing to master and transaction data quality issues in utility asset management and highlights the potential lost opportunities resulting from a lack of data integrity. The value of text analytics and reviewing of fault data is highlighted. The paper also offers a four step solution to data quality improvement.

Deep learning for combo object detection

- Zhao, Jing, Ardekani, Iman Tabatabaei, Pang, Shaoning

  • Authors: Zhao, Jing , Ardekani, Iman Tabatabaei , Pang, Shaoning
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Chapter 11 p. 125-137
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  • Description: Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have become the most vigorous technique for a variety of different tasks in computer vision, due to their proficiency in automatically learning high-level visual representations for images. In this paper, we investigate the effect of deep neural networks on the accuracy in combo object detection setting. The insufficiency of labeled data, coupled with the uncertainty of spacial distribution and dynamic changes in luminance, creates situations where combo object detection is far more challenging. Using transfer learning, we present a system for combo object detection based on a deep CNN called ComboNN. The proposed ComboNN is pre-trained on a huge auxiliary dataset ImageNet and fine-tuned on our small dataset. The use of data augmentation and regularization technique significantly reduces overfitting and improves the robustness of the ComboNN. Experimental results demonstrate that our system is capable of making reliable prediction on combo object detection in the real-world images, and achieves much better accuracy than the state-of-the-art CNNs.

Deep Reinforcement Learning for Vehicular Edge Computing: An Intelligent Offloading System

- Ning, Zhaolong, Dong, Peiran, Wang, Xiaojie, Rodrigues, Joel, Xia, Feng

  • Authors: Ning, Zhaolong , Dong, Peiran , Wang, Xiaojie , Rodrigues, Joel , Xia, Feng
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology Vol. 10, no. 6 (Dec 2019), p. 24
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  • Description: The development of smart vehicles brings drivers and passengers a comfortable and safe environment. Various emerging applications are promising to enrich users' traveling experiences and daily life. However, how to execute computing-intensive applications on resource-constrained vehicles still faces huge challenges. In this article, we construct an intelligent offloading system for vehicular edge computing by leveraging deep reinforcement learning. First, both the communication and computation states are modelled by finite Markov chains. Moreover, the task scheduling and resource allocation strategy is formulated as a joint optimization problem to maximize users' Quality of Experience (QoE). Due to its complexity, the original problem is further divided into two sub-optimization problems. A two-sided matching scheme and a deep reinforcement learning approach are developed to schedule offloading requests and allocate network resources, respectively. Performance evaluations illustrate the effectiveness and superiority of our constructed system.

Dementia care

- Gilbert, Julia, Croxon, Lyn, Ashcroft, Bronwen

Depression across pregnancy and the postpartum, antidepressant use and the association with female sexual function

- Galbally, Megan, Watson, Stuart, Permezel, Michael, Lewis, Andrew

  • Authors: Galbally, Megan , Watson, Stuart , Permezel, Michael , Lewis, Andrew
  • Date: 2019
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Psychological Medcine Vol. 49, no. 9 (2019), p. 1490-1499
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  • Description: There is an established relationship between depression and sexual functioning in women. However, there is limited research examining the relationship between perinatal depression and sexual functioning. This study draws on the Mercy Pregnancy and Emotional Wellbeing Study and reports on 211 women recruited in early pregnancy and followed to 12 months postpartum. Women were assessed for depression using the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV, repeated measurement of depressive symptoms using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and sexual functioning using the Female Sexual Functioning Inventory. Data were also collected on antidepressant use, mode of delivery, history of childhood trauma, breastfeeding and partner support. Women showed a decline in sexual functioning over pregnancy and the first 6 months postpartum, which recovered by 12 months. For women with depression, sexual functioning was lower throughout pregnancy and continued to be lower at 6 months postpartum than those without depression. Ongoing depressive symptoms at 12 months were also associated with lower sexual functioning. Sexual functioning was not predicted by mode of delivery, antidepressant use or childhood trauma. Breastfeeding predicted lower sexual functioning only at 6 months. Higher partner support predicted higher female sexual functioning. Pregnancy and the postpartum are a time of reduced sexual functioning for women however, women with depression are more likely to have lower levels of sexual functioning and this was not predicted by antidepressant use. In women with perinatal depression, consideration of the impact on sexual functioning should be an integral part of care.