- Title
- Mechanical behavior and frost-resistance of alkali-activated cement concrete with blended binder at ambient curing condition
- Creator
- Tekle, Biruk; Holschemacher, Klaus; Löber, Philipp; Heiden, Björn
- Date
- 2021
- Type
- Text; Journal article
- Identifier
- http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/188872
- Identifier
- vital:17351
- Identifier
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings11020052
- Identifier
- ISSN:2075-5309
- Abstract
- Concrete is the most commonly used construction material because of its various advantages, such as versatility, familiarity, strength, and durability, and it will continue to be in demand far into the future. However, with today’s sensitivity to environmental protection, this material faces unprecedented challenges because of its high greenhouse gas emissions, mainly during cement production. This paper investigates one of the promising cement replacement materials, alkali-activated cement (AAC) concrete. Being produced mainly from byproduct materials and having a comparable structural performance to conventional concrete, AAC concrete can transform the construction industry. Mechanical properties such as compressive and flexural strength and the relationship between them are studied. Different source materials such as fly ash (FA), ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), silica fume (SF), and Metakaolin (MK) are used. The effect of the source materials and the activator solutions on the concrete performance is studied. Furthermore, the freeze-thaw resistance of the concrete is studied. The study results showed that the behavior of AAC depends highly on the source material combinations and type used. The effect of the alkaline solution is also dependent on the source material used. Mixes with higher GGBS content showed the highest strength, while mixes with MK showed the highest flexural strength. The freeze-thaw test results showed that proper design of AAC concrete with lower water content is critical to achieving a good resistance.
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Relation
- Buildings (Basel) Vol. 11, no. 2 (2021), p. 52
- Rights
- All metadata describing materials held in, or linked to, the repository is freely available under a CC0 licence
- Rights
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
- Rights
- Copyright authors © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license
- Subject
- Aggregates; Aalkali activated; Ambient curing; Blast furnace gas; Blast furnace slag; Blast furnace slags; Caustic soda; Cement; Compressive strength; Concrete; Concrete construction; Concrete mixing; Construction industry; Construction materials; Durability; Environmental protection; Familiarity; Flexural strength; Fly ash; Freeze-thaw durability; Freeze-thaw tests; Freeze-thawing; Frost resistance; GGBS; Granulation; Greenhouse effect; Greenhouse gases; Investigations; Mechanical properties; Metakaolin; Mixtures; Moisture content; Silica; Silica fume; Silicon dioxide; Slag; Sodium; Water content; 3301 Architecture; 3302 Building; 4005 Civil engineering
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