- Title
- Strongyloides genotyping: a review of methods and application in public health and population genetics
- Creator
- Bradbury, Richard; Pafčo, Barbora; Nosková, Eva; Hasegawa, Hideo
- Date
- 2021
- Type
- Text; Journal article; Review
- Identifier
- http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/180982
- Identifier
- vital:15856
- Identifier
-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2021.10.001
- Identifier
- ISBN:0020-7519 (ISSN)
- Abstract
- Strongyloidiasis represents a major medical and veterinary helminthic disease. Human infection is caused by Strongyloides stercoralis, Strongyloides fuelleborni fuelleborni and Strongyloides fuelleborni kellyi, with S. stercoralis accounting for the majority of cases. Strongyloides f. fuelleborni likely represents a zoonosis acquired from non-human primates (NHPs), while no animal reservoir for S. f. kellyi infection has been found. Whether S. stercoralis represents a zoonosis acquired from dogs and cats remains unanswered. Over the past two decades various tools have been applied to genotype Strongyloides spp. The most commonly sequenced markers have been the hyper-variable regions I and IV of the 18S rRNA gene and selected portions of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene. These markers have been sequenced and compared in Strongyloides from multiple hosts and geographical regions. More recently, a machine learning algorithm multi-locus sequence typing approach has been applied using these markers, while others have applied whole genome sequencing. Genotyping of Strongyloides from dogs, cats, NHPs and humans has identified that S. stercoralis likely originated in dogs and adapted to human hosts. It has also been demonstrated that S. stercoralis is distinct from S. f. fuelleborni and S. f. kellyi. Two distinct genetic clades of S. stercoralis exist, one restricted to dogs and another infecting humans, NHPs, dogs and cats. Genotyping of S. f. fuelleborni has identified two separate clades, one associated with African isolates and another Indochinese peninsular clade. This review summarises the history and development of genotyping tools for Strongyloides spp. It describes the findings of major studies to date in the context of the epidemiology and evolutionary biology of these helminths, with a specific focus on human-infecting species. © 2021 Australian Society for Parasitology
- Publisher
- Elsevier Ltd
- Relation
- International Journal for Parasitology Vol. 51, no. 13-14 (2021), p. 1153-1166
- Rights
- All metadata describing materials held in, or linked to, the repository is freely available under a CC0 licence
- Rights
- Copyright @ 2021 Australian Society for Parasitology
- Rights
- Open Access
- Subject
- 0605 Microbiology; 0608 Zoology; 0707 Veterinary Sciences; Epidemiology; Genome; Genotyping; Strongyloides; Strongyloides fuelleborni; Strongyloides stercoralis; Strongyloidiasis
- Full Text
- Reviewed
- Funder
- The academic activity of Hideo Hasegawa and Barbora Pafčo is financially supported in part by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science-Czech Academy of Science bilateral cooperative program, Japan/ Czech Republic (project nos. JPJSBP120192506 and JSPS-19-17). Barbora Pafčo was also supported by institutional support from the Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic (RVO:68081766).
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