- Title
- Noncoding genes on sex chromosomes and their function in sex determination, dosage compensation, male traits, and diseases
- Creator
- Maier, Michelle; McInerney, Molly-Rose; Graves, Jennifer; Charchar, Fadi
- Date
- 2021
- Type
- Text; Journal article; Review
- Identifier
- http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/180994
- Identifier
- vital:15869
- Identifier
-
https://doi.org/10.1159/000519622
- Identifier
- ISBN:1661-5425 (ISSN)
- Abstract
- The mammalian Y chromosome has evolved in many species into a specialized chromosome that contributes to sex development among other male phenotypes. This function is well studied in terms of protein-coding genes. Less is known about the noncoding genome on the Y chromosome and its contribution to both sex development and other traits. Once considered junk genetic material, noncoding RNAs are now known to contribute to the regulation of gene expression and to play an important role in refining cellular functions. The prime examples are noncoding genes on the X chromosome, which mitigate the differential dosage of genes on sex chromosomes. Here, we discuss the evolution of noncoding RNAs on the Y chromosome and the emerging evidence of how micro, long, and circular noncoding RNAs transcribed from the Y chromosome contribute to sex differentiation. We briefly touch on emerging evidence that these noncoding RNAs also contribute to some other important clinical phenotypes in humans. © 2021 S. Karger AG. All rights reserved.
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Relation
- Sexual Development Vol. 15, no. 5-6 (2021), p. 432-440; http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1123472
- Rights
- All metadata describing materials held in, or linked to, the repository is freely available under a CC0 licence
- Rights
- Copyright © 2021 S. Karger AG, Basel
- Rights
- Open Access
- Subject
- 31 Biological Sciences; 32 Biomedical and Clinical Sciences; 42 Health Sciences; Cardiovascular disease; circRNA; Evolution; Gene regulation; lincRNA; lncRNA; Mammalian sex determination; miRNA; mRNA; Noncoding RNA; Sex chromosomes; Species evolution; SRY; W chromosome; X chromosome; Xist; Y chromosome; Z chromosome
- Full Text
- Reviewed
- Funder
- This research was funded by National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, grant number APP1123472.
- Hits: 2646
- Visitors: 1837
- Downloads: 75
| Thumbnail | File | Description | Size | Format | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| View Details Download | SOURCE1 | Published version | 368 KB | Adobe Acrobat PDF | View Details Download |