Modelling hydrological performance of a bauxite residue profile for deposition management of a storage facility
- Shaygan, Mandana, Usher, Brent, Baumgartl, Thomas
- Authors: Shaygan, Mandana , Usher, Brent , Baumgartl, Thomas
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Water (Switzerland) Vol. 12, no. 7 (2020), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Accurate scheduling of bauxite residue (red mud) deposition time is required in order to prevent the risk of storage facility failure. This study was conducted to precisely determine the hydraulic parameters of bauxite residue and investigate the capability of HYDRUS to accurately estimate the residue moisture profile and the timing for its deposition. The hydraulic properties of the bauxite residue profile were determined by solving an inverse problem. A one-dimensional hydrological model (HYDRUS-1D) was validated using a 300 mm long column filled with bauxite residue and exposed to a dynamic lower boundary condition. After numerical validation, the model was used to simulate the moisture profile of bauxite residue under the climatic conditions of an alumina refinery site in Queensland, Australia, as well as other scenarios (i.e., high (300 mm) and small (1.7 mm) rainfall events of the site). This study showed that the HYDRUS model can be used as a predictive tool to precisely estimate the moisture profile of the bauxite residue and that the timing for the re-deposition of the bauxite residue can be estimated by understanding the moisture profile and desired shear strength of the residue. This study revealed that the examined bauxite residue approaches field capacity (water potential-10 kPa) after three days from a low rainfall event (<1.7 mm) and after eight days from an intense rainfall event (300 mm) at the time of disposal. This suggests that the bauxite residue can be deposited every four days after low rainfall events (as low as 1.7 mm) and every nine days after high rainfall events (as high as 300 mm) at the time of deposition, if bauxite residue experiences an initial drying period following deposition. © 2020 by the authors.
- Authors: Shaygan, Mandana , Usher, Brent , Baumgartl, Thomas
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Water (Switzerland) Vol. 12, no. 7 (2020), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Accurate scheduling of bauxite residue (red mud) deposition time is required in order to prevent the risk of storage facility failure. This study was conducted to precisely determine the hydraulic parameters of bauxite residue and investigate the capability of HYDRUS to accurately estimate the residue moisture profile and the timing for its deposition. The hydraulic properties of the bauxite residue profile were determined by solving an inverse problem. A one-dimensional hydrological model (HYDRUS-1D) was validated using a 300 mm long column filled with bauxite residue and exposed to a dynamic lower boundary condition. After numerical validation, the model was used to simulate the moisture profile of bauxite residue under the climatic conditions of an alumina refinery site in Queensland, Australia, as well as other scenarios (i.e., high (300 mm) and small (1.7 mm) rainfall events of the site). This study showed that the HYDRUS model can be used as a predictive tool to precisely estimate the moisture profile of the bauxite residue and that the timing for the re-deposition of the bauxite residue can be estimated by understanding the moisture profile and desired shear strength of the residue. This study revealed that the examined bauxite residue approaches field capacity (water potential-10 kPa) after three days from a low rainfall event (<1.7 mm) and after eight days from an intense rainfall event (300 mm) at the time of disposal. This suggests that the bauxite residue can be deposited every four days after low rainfall events (as low as 1.7 mm) and every nine days after high rainfall events (as high as 300 mm) at the time of deposition, if bauxite residue experiences an initial drying period following deposition. © 2020 by the authors.
The effect of soil physical amendments on reclamation of a saline-sodic soil : Simulation of salt leaching using HYDRUS-1D
- Shaygan, Mandana, Baumgartl, Thomas, Arnold, Sven, Reading, Lucy
- Authors: Shaygan, Mandana , Baumgartl, Thomas , Arnold, Sven , Reading, Lucy
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Soil Research Vol. 56, no. 8 (2018), p. 829-845
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- Description: Poor soil physical conditions such as low hydraulic conductivity can limit salt depletion from surface soil. Altering the pore system by addition of organic and inorganic amendments may improve salt leaching as a reclamation strategy. Column studies were conducted to investigate salt leaching in amended and non-amended soil profiles. A one-dimensional water and solute transport model (HYDRUS-1D) was also assessed for its applicability to simulate salt leaching for amendment strategy. Columns of length 300 mm were filled with saline-sodic soil at the lower end (100-300 mm) and then covered with soil amended with 40% (wt/wt) fine sand and 20% (wt/wt) wood chips, separately. A control column was filled with saline-sodic soil only. One rainfall scenario typical for a location in south-west Queensland (Australia) was applied to the columns. Water potentials were monitored using tensiometers installed at three depths: 35, 120 and 250 mm. The concentrations of individual cations (Na
- Authors: Shaygan, Mandana , Baumgartl, Thomas , Arnold, Sven , Reading, Lucy
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Soil Research Vol. 56, no. 8 (2018), p. 829-845
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Poor soil physical conditions such as low hydraulic conductivity can limit salt depletion from surface soil. Altering the pore system by addition of organic and inorganic amendments may improve salt leaching as a reclamation strategy. Column studies were conducted to investigate salt leaching in amended and non-amended soil profiles. A one-dimensional water and solute transport model (HYDRUS-1D) was also assessed for its applicability to simulate salt leaching for amendment strategy. Columns of length 300 mm were filled with saline-sodic soil at the lower end (100-300 mm) and then covered with soil amended with 40% (wt/wt) fine sand and 20% (wt/wt) wood chips, separately. A control column was filled with saline-sodic soil only. One rainfall scenario typical for a location in south-west Queensland (Australia) was applied to the columns. Water potentials were monitored using tensiometers installed at three depths: 35, 120 and 250 mm. The concentrations of individual cations (Na
Characterising soil physical properties of selected temperate highland peat swamps on sandstone in the Sydney basin bioregion
- Shaygan, Mandana, Baumgartl, Thomas, McIntyre, Neil
- Authors: Shaygan, Mandana , Baumgartl, Thomas , McIntyre, Neil
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies Vol. 40, no. (2022), p.
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- Description: Study region: Sydney Basin, New South Wales, Australia. Study focus: Some of Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone of Sydney Basin overlie existing underground mining areas, which may impact the hydrological fluxes into and out of the swamps. Understanding and predicting these potential impacts and their consequences for swamps’ vegetation requires knowledge of the relevant physical properties of the soil, however such knowledge is almost completely absent from the literature. This study addresses this gap, and provides new insight into the degree and nature of variability between swamp sites, and between groups of swamps, the soil properties controlling these variabilities and the classification of these swamps in the context of peatland. Soil samples were collected up to a depth of 750 mm from ten sites in Upper Nepean and Newnes Plateau swamps. Samples were analysed for organic matter, bulk density, texture, saturated hydraulic conductivity and water retention characteristics. New hydrological insights: Not only the organic matter, but also bulk density and sand content control soil physical properties of the swamps. Soil properties vary between swamps; however, the variabilities were not large relative to those found in peatlands globally. These THPSS of the Sydney Basin cannot be classified as peatland and so their soil parameters cannot be estimated through the generalisation of peatland soil physical properties. It is concluded that the insights into soil properties provide new scope for developing hydrological models to assist in hydrological and ecological impacts analysis of the swamps. © 2022 The Authors
- Authors: Shaygan, Mandana , Baumgartl, Thomas , McIntyre, Neil
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies Vol. 40, no. (2022), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Study region: Sydney Basin, New South Wales, Australia. Study focus: Some of Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone of Sydney Basin overlie existing underground mining areas, which may impact the hydrological fluxes into and out of the swamps. Understanding and predicting these potential impacts and their consequences for swamps’ vegetation requires knowledge of the relevant physical properties of the soil, however such knowledge is almost completely absent from the literature. This study addresses this gap, and provides new insight into the degree and nature of variability between swamp sites, and between groups of swamps, the soil properties controlling these variabilities and the classification of these swamps in the context of peatland. Soil samples were collected up to a depth of 750 mm from ten sites in Upper Nepean and Newnes Plateau swamps. Samples were analysed for organic matter, bulk density, texture, saturated hydraulic conductivity and water retention characteristics. New hydrological insights: Not only the organic matter, but also bulk density and sand content control soil physical properties of the swamps. Soil properties vary between swamps; however, the variabilities were not large relative to those found in peatlands globally. These THPSS of the Sydney Basin cannot be classified as peatland and so their soil parameters cannot be estimated through the generalisation of peatland soil physical properties. It is concluded that the insights into soil properties provide new scope for developing hydrological models to assist in hydrological and ecological impacts analysis of the swamps. © 2022 The Authors
Reclamation of salt-affected land: A review
- Shaygan, Mandana, Baumgartl, Thomas
- Authors: Shaygan, Mandana , Baumgartl, Thomas
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Soil systems Vol. 6, no. 3 (2022), p. 61
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Reclamation of salt-affected soil has been identified by the FAO as being critical to meet the needs to increase agricultural productivity. This paper reviews commonly used reclamation methods for salt-affected soils, and provides critical identifiers for an effective reclamation practice of salt-affected soil. There are widely used methods to reduce salinity and sodicity of salt-affected soils, including salt leaching, addition of amendments, revegetation using halophytes and salt scrapping. Not all reclamation techniques are suitable for salt-affected land. The reclamation strategy must be tailored to the site, and based on understanding the soil, plant and climate interactions. On some occasions, a combination of techniques may be required for reclamation. This can include salt scrapping to remove salts from the surface soil, the addition of physical amendments to improve soil pore systems and enhance salt leaching, followed by amelioration of soil by chemical amendments to preserve soil physical conditions, and then halophyte establishment to expand the desalinization zone. This study reveals that soil hydro-geochemical models are effective predictive tools to ascertain the best reclamation practice tailored to salt-affected land. However, models need to be calibrated and validated to the conditions of the land before being applied as a tool to combat soil salinity.
- Authors: Shaygan, Mandana , Baumgartl, Thomas
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Soil systems Vol. 6, no. 3 (2022), p. 61
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Reclamation of salt-affected soil has been identified by the FAO as being critical to meet the needs to increase agricultural productivity. This paper reviews commonly used reclamation methods for salt-affected soils, and provides critical identifiers for an effective reclamation practice of salt-affected soil. There are widely used methods to reduce salinity and sodicity of salt-affected soils, including salt leaching, addition of amendments, revegetation using halophytes and salt scrapping. Not all reclamation techniques are suitable for salt-affected land. The reclamation strategy must be tailored to the site, and based on understanding the soil, plant and climate interactions. On some occasions, a combination of techniques may be required for reclamation. This can include salt scrapping to remove salts from the surface soil, the addition of physical amendments to improve soil pore systems and enhance salt leaching, followed by amelioration of soil by chemical amendments to preserve soil physical conditions, and then halophyte establishment to expand the desalinization zone. This study reveals that soil hydro-geochemical models are effective predictive tools to ascertain the best reclamation practice tailored to salt-affected land. However, models need to be calibrated and validated to the conditions of the land before being applied as a tool to combat soil salinity.
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