Estimating the effects of energy imbalance on changes in body weight in children
- Authors: Swinburn, Boyd , Jolley, Damien , Kremer, Peter , Salbe, Arline , Ravussin, Eric
- Date: 2006
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Vol. 83, no. 4 (2006), p. 859-863
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Estimating changes in weight from changes in energy balance is important for predicting the effect of obesity prevention interventions. Objective: The objective was to develop and validate an equation for predicting the mean weight of a population of children in response to a change in total energy intake (TEI) or total energy expenditure (TEE). Design: In 963 children with a mean (+/- SD) age of 8.1 +/- 2.8 y (range: 4-18 y) and weight of 31.5 +/- 17.6 kg, TEE was measured by using doubly labeled water. Log weight (dependent variable) and log TEE (independent variable) were analyzed in a linear regression model with height, age, and sex as covariates. It was assumed that points of dynamic balance, called "settling points," occur for populations wherein energy is in balance (TEE = TEI), weight is stable (ignoring growth), and energy flux (EnFlux) equals TEE. Results: TEE (or EnFlux) explained 74% of the variance in weight. The unstandardized regression coefficient was 0.45 (95% CI: 0.38, 0.51; R-2 = 0.86) after including covariates. Conversion into proportional chances (time, to time,) gave the equation (weight(2)/weight(1)) = (EnFlux(2)/EnFlux(1))(0-45). In 3 longitudinal studies (n = 212; mean follow-up of 3.4 y), the equation predicted the mean follow-up measured weight to within 0.5%. Conclusions: The relation of EnFlux with weight was positive, which implied that a high TEI (rather than low physical activity and low TEE) was the main determinant of high body weight. Two populations of children with a 10% difference in mean EnFlux Would have a 4.5% difference in mean weight.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003002879
Reply to a Bosy-Westphal and MJ Müller
- Authors: Swinburn, Boyd , Jolley, Damien , Kremer, Peter , Salbe, Arline , Ravussin, Eric
- Date: 2006
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Vol. 84, no. 4 (2006), p. 945-946
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: C1