Model predictive control of microgrids – An overview
- Authors: Hu, Jiefeng , Shan, Yinghao , Guerrero, Josep , Ioinovici, Adrian , Chan, Ka , Rodriguez, Jose
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews Vol. 136, no. (2021), p.
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- Description: The development of microgrids is an advantageous option for integrating rapidly growing renewable energies. However, the stochastic nature of renewable energies and variable power demand have created many challenges like unstable voltage/frequency and complicated power management and interaction with the utility grid. Recently, predictive control with its fast transient response and flexibility to accommodate different constraints has presented huge potentials in microgrid applications. This paper provides a comprehensive review of model predictive control (MPC) in individual and interconnected microgrids, including both converter-level and grid-level control strategies applied to three layers of the hierarchical control architecture. This survey shows that MPC is at the beginning of the application in microgrids and that it emerges as a competitive alternative to conventional methods in voltage regulation, frequency control, power flow management and economic operation optimization. Also, some of the most important trends in MPC development have been highlighted and discussed as future perspectives. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
- Description: This work was supported by School of Engineering, IT and Physical Sciences, Federation University Australia , under Project RGS20-5 .
A holistic power management strategy of microgrids based on model predictive control and particle swarm optimization
- Authors: Shan, Yinghao , Hu, Jiefeng , Liu, Huashan
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics Vol. 18, no. 8 (2022), p. 5115-5126
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- Description: Power control and optimization are both crucial for the proper operation of a microgrid. However, in existing research, they are usually studied separately. Active and reactive powers are either maintained to constant values at device level or optimized at system level without considering frequency and voltage control of distributed converters. In this article, a holistic power control and optimization strategy is proposed for microgrids. Specifically, a model predictive control incorporated with the droop method is developed at device level to achieve load sharing and flexible power dispatching among distributed energy resources, which is feasible for both islanded and grid-connected modes. In addition, an evolutionary particle swarm optimization algorithm is designed at system level to generate the optimal active and reactive power setpoints, which are then sent to the device level for controlling inverters. The proposed power optimization scheme is able to mitigate voltage deviations and minimize the operational cost of the microgrid. Comprehensive case studies and real-time simulator test are provided to demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of the proposed power control and optimization strategy. © 2005-2012 IEEE.
Overview of power converter control in microgrids - challenges, advances, and future trends
- Authors: Hu, Jiefeng , Shan, Yinghao , Cheng, Ka , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics Vol. 37, no. 8 (2022), p. 9907-9922
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- Description: As the electronic interfaces between distributed energy resources and the electrical network, power converters play a vital role in voltage stabilization and power conversion. So far, various power converter control methods have been developed. Now it is urgently needed to compare and understand these approaches to support the smart microgrid pyramid. This article provides an overview of the state-of-the-art of parallel power converter control in microgrid applications. The most important control schemes to address existing challenges, including concentrated control, master-slave control, droop mechanism, virtual synchronous generators, virtual oscillator control, distributed cooperative control, and model predictive control, are highlighted and analyzed in detail. In addition, the hierarchical control structure, as well as future trends, are reviewed and discussed. © 1986-2012 IEEE.
A unified model predictive voltage and current control for microgrids with distributed fuzzy cooperative secondary control
- Authors: Shan, Yinghao , Hu, Jiefeng , Chan, Ka , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics Vol. 17, no. 12 (DEC 2021), p. 8024-8034
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- Description: A microgrid formed by a cluster of parallel distributed generation (DG) units is capable of operating in either islanded mode or grid-connected mode. Traditionally, by using model predictive control algorithms, these two operation modes can be achieved with two separate and different cost functions, which brings in control complexity and hence, compromises system reliability. In this article, a unified model predictive voltage and current control strategy is proposed for both islanded and grid-connected operations and their smooth transition. The cost function is kept unified with voltage and current taken into account without altering the control architecture. It can be used for high-quality voltage supply at the primary control level and for bidirectional power flow at the tertiary control level. In addition, by only using DGs' own and neighboring information, a distributed fuzzy cooperative algorithm is developed at the secondary layer to mitigate the voltage and frequency deviations inherent from the power droop. The fuzzy controller can optimize the secondary control coefficients for further voltage quality improvement. Comprehensive tests under various scenarios demonstrate the merits of the proposed control strategy over traditional methods.
Economic dispatch of model predictive controlled distributed power generation
- Authors: Shan, Yinghao , Hu, Jiefeng , Liu, Huashan
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 6th IEEE International Conference on Predictive Control of Electrical Drives and Power Electronics, PRECEDE 2021, Jinan, 20-22 November 2021, 6th IEEE International Conference on Predictive Control of Electrical Drives and Power Electronics, PRECEDE 2021 p. 836-839
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- Description: Conventionally, for model predictive power control (MPPC) of voltage source inverter (VSI) in a grid-connected microgrid, active power reference is often associated with dc power source while reactive power reference is often given as a constant zero. There is rare literature completely investigating the changing rationale of dynamic change of power references when the dc power source is invariable. In this paper, an economic dispatch method optimizing power flows based on evolutionary algorithms is proposed to dynamically determine the power references. From the microgrid's hierarchical view, the MPPC at the device level is combined with the economic dispatch at the system level, via determining the common power references. Then, the system-level optimized power flow with the minimized cost is directly sent to the device-level power converters, enhancing the two levels' connection. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed strategy have been demonstrated by simulation results. © 2021 IEEE.
Coordinated hierarchical control strategy for islanded ac/dc hybrid microgrids
- Authors: Shan, Yinghao , Ma, Liqian , Liu, Huashan , Hu, Jiefeng
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 2022 Asia Power and Electrical Technology Conference, APET 2022, Virtual, online, 11-13 November 2022, 2022 Asia Power and Electrical Technology Conference, APET 2022 p. 132-137
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- Description: To meet future practical needs of smart grids, constructing hybrid ac&dc microgrids with the two-type sub-grids becomes more realistic and urgent. However, in the existing literature, it is rare to see the joint controls of these sub-grids in islanded hierarchical control architecture. To this end, a coordinated hierarchical control strategy for this kind of hybrid microgrid has been presented in this paper, where both sub-grids are equipped with primary and secondary controllers. Using the proposed strategy, the power flows can be autonomously shared and deviated bus voltages can be fully restored. The control performance and stability of the overall microgrid system have been ensured to address different ac/dc load changes. Comprehensive simulation studies have verified the validity of the proposed strategy for hybrid microgrids. © 2022 IEEE.