Classification of Twitter users with eating disorder engagement : learning from the biographies
- Authors: Abuhassan, Mohammad , Anwar, Tarique , Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew , Jarman, Hannah , Shatte, Adrian , Liu, Chengfei , Sukunesan, Suku
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Computers in Human Behavior Vol. 140, no. (2023), p.
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- Description: Individuals with an Eating Disorder (ED) are typically reluctant to seek help via traditional means (e.g., psychologists). However, recent evidence suggests that many individuals seek assistance via social media for weight and diet related concerns. Sophisticated approaches are needed to better distinguish those who may be in need of help for an ED from those who are simply commenting on ED in online social environments. In order to facilitate effective communication between individuals with or at-risk of an ED and healthcare professionals, this research exploits a deep learning model to differentiate the users with ED engagement (e.g., ED sufferers, healthcare professionals or communicators) over social media. For this purpose, a collection of Twitter data is compiled using Twitter application programming interface (API) on the Australian Research Data Commons (ARDC) Nectar research cloud. After collecting 1,400,000 Twitter biographies in total, a subset of 4000 biographies are annotated manually. This annotation enables the differentiation of users engaged with ED-focused language on social media into five categories: ED-user, healthcare professional, communicator, healthcare professional-communicator, and other. Based on these annotated categories, a predictive deep learning model based on bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) and long short-term memory (LSTM) is developed. The model achieves an F1 score of 98.19% and an accuracy of 98.37%. It demonstrates the viability of detecting the individuals with possible ED risk and distinguishes them from other categories using their biography data. We further conducted a network analysis for investigating the communication network between these categories. Our analysis shows that ED-users are more secretive and self-protective, whereas the healthcare professionals and communicators frequently interact with each other and a wide range of other people. To the best of our knowledge, our research is the first of its kind for identifying the different user categories engaged with ED-focused communications on social media. © 2022
Classifying excessive exercise : examining the relationship between compulsive exercise with obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms and disordered eating symptoms
- Authors: Cosh, Suzanne , Eshkevari, Ertimiss , McNeil, Dominic , Tully, Phillip
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: European Eating Disorders Review Vol. 31, no. 6 (2023), p. 769-780
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- Description: Objective: There remains a lack of consensus around nosology for compulsive exercise (CE). Although widely observed in eating disorders (ED), CE shares theoretical overlap with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), where exercise compulsions occur in response to obsessions. Yet, there is limited and mixed evidence of a relationship between CE with OCD. This study aims to explore the appropriate diagnostic classification of CE through examination of CE in relation to OCD, obsessional thinking, and ED symptoms. Method: Two hundred and eighty one adults with mental health symptoms, dieting, and exercise behaviour completed measures of OCD, CE, and disordered eating symptoms. Regression and Receiver Operating Characteristic analyses examined relationships between dimensions of CE with OCD and ED symptoms, and the predictive ability of CE assessment for detecting threshold OCD and ED symptoms. Results: CE assessment was poor at predicting threshold OCD symptoms, probable Anorexia Nervosa, and Binge Eating Disorder and moderate at detecting probable disordered eating and Bulimia Nervosa. Associations between CE and OCD symptoms were not significant after adjustment for ED symptoms. Obsessional thinking was associated only with lack of exercise enjoyment. Conclusions: Results indicate that excessive exercise might represent a distinct disorder, with some shared traits across CE, OCD and ED symptoms. Findings question the utility of adaptation of OCD diagnostic criteria for CE. Assessment and treatment implications are considered. © 2023 The Authors. European Eating Disorders Review published by Eating Disorders Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Climate-driven animal mass mortality events : is there a role for scavengers?
- Authors: Barton, Philip , Reboldi, Anna , Bonat, Stefanie , Mateo-Tomás, Patricia , Newsome, Thomas
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Environmental conservation Vol. 50, no. 1 (2023), p. 1-6
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- Description: Summary Animal mass mortality events (MMEs) will increase with weather and climate extremes. MMEs can add significant stress to ecosystems through extraordinary nutrient pulses or contribute to potential disease transmission risks. Given their efficient removal of carrion biomass from landscapes, we argue here for the potential of scavenger guilds to be a key nature-based solution to mitigating MME effects. However, we caution that scavenger guilds alone will not be a silver bullet. It is critical for further research to identify how the composition of scavenger guilds and the magnitude of MMEs will determine when scavengers will buffer the impacts of such events on ecosystems and when intervention might be required. Some MMEs are too large for scavengers to remove efficiently, and there is a risk of MMEs subsidizing pest species, altering nutrient cycling or leading to disease spread. Prioritizing native scavenger taxa in conservation management policies may help to boost ecosystem resilience through preserving their key ecological services. This should be part of a multi-pronged approach to MME mitigation that combines scavenger conservation with practices such as carcass dispersal or removal when exceeding a threshold quantity. Policymakers are urged to identify such thresholds and to recognize both the insects and the vertebrate scavengers that could act as allies for mitigating the emerging problem of climate-driven MMEs.
Clinically prioritized data visualization in remote patient monitoring
- Authors: Arora, Teena , Balasubramanian, Venki , Stranieri, Andrew , Neupane, Arun
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 19th IEEE International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications, WiMob 2023, Montreal, Canada, 21-23 June 2023, International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications Vol. 2023-June, p. 5-12
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- Description: Understanding and integrating physiological data collected from wearable sensors in remote patient monitoring (RPM) is challenging. Data streams may be interrupted due to the sensor's sensitivity, movement, and electromagnetic interference leading to inconsistent, missing, and inaccurate data. Existing approaches to summarize data flows into a single score such as the traditional Modified early warning score (MEWS) is limited. Data visualization approaches have the potential to address this challenge, but few studies have focused on visualization of RPM streams. The study presents a transformation of observed raw RPM physiological data into parameters identified as trust, frequency, slope, and trend. This facilitated visualization and enabled automated assessments of prioritized alerts. Experimental results have shown that the transformations led to the prioritization of clinically significant conditions, and improved visualization has the potential to better support clinical decisions compared with traditional MEWS. © 2023 IEEE.
Clinician perspectives of the evidence underpinning suicide risk assessment : a mixed methods study
- Authors: Grant, Kellie , Whitwam, Louisa , Martin, Jennifer , White, Jennifer , Haines, Terry
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Social Work Vol. 76, no. 4 (2023), p. 562-574
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- Description: In recent years, suicide risk assessment has become the subject of a vigorous academic debate, due in part to several meta-analyses that have cast doubt on the accuracy of risk categorisation. Little is known about how clinicians make sense of this academic debate. However, it is anticipated that it may pose a tension due to organisational expectations that multidisciplinary health professionals, including social workers, assess and manage suicide risk. As part of a larger mixed methods study to be reported elsewhere, we conducted a qualitative study aiming to explore clinician perspectives on the evidence underpinning suicide risk assessment before and after being presented with the results of two meta-analyses. Findings highlight three modes of reasoning: academic, emotive, and experiential. Perceptions of accuracy of assessing suicide risk at baseline interviews and after hearing the evidence were influenced by heuristics and cognitive biases. IMPLICATIONS Mental health practitioners, including social workers, employed in mental health settings may be more likely to use experiential reasoning to inform their practice in suicide risk assessment. Social work practitioners in general health settings may be more likely to use academic reasoning when making decisions about suicide risk assessment. Further research is required on how social workers and other mental health professionals can best respond to the crisis of suicide. © 2021 Australian Association of Social Workers.
Clustering tropical cyclone genesis on ENSO timescales in the southwest Pacific
- Authors: Tu’uholoaki, Moleni , Espejo, Antonio , Singh, Awnesh , Damlamian, Herve , Wandres, Moritz , Chand, Savin , Mendez, Fernando , Fa’anunu, Ofa
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Climate Dynamics Vol. 60, no. 11-12 (2023), p. 3353-3368
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- Description: Tropical cyclones (TCs) as a natural hazard pose a major threat and risk to the human population globally. This threat is expected to increase in a warming climate as the frequency of severe TCs is expected to increase. In this study, the influence of different monthly sea surface temperature (SST) patterns on the locations and frequency of tropical cyclone genesis (TCG) in the Southwest Pacific (SWP) region is investigated. Using principal component analysis and k-means clustering of monthly SST between 1970 and 2019, nine statistically different SST patterns are identified. Our findings show that the more prominent ENSO patterns such as the Modoki El Niño (i.e., Modoki I and Modoki II) and Eastern Pacific (EP) El Niño impact the frequency and location of TCG significantly. Our results enhance the overall understanding of the TCG variability and the relationship between TCG and SST configurations in the SWP region. The results of this study may support early warning system in SWP by improving seasonal outlooks and quantification of the level of TC-related risks for the vulnerable Pacific Island communities. © 2022, The Author(s).
Co-slagging characteristics of coal and biomass ashes considering entrained flow slagging gasifier
- Authors: Shahabuddin, M. , Bhattacharya, Sankar , Srivatsa, Srikanth
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery Vol. 13, no. 3 (2023), p. 1681-1690
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- Description: This study systematically investigated the co-slagging characteristics of high-rank coal and biomass ashes considering entrained flow slagging gasifier. Despite favourable performance parameters, coal might not be feasible for entrained flow gasification because of not forming slag within the gasifier operating temperature (1200–1500 °C). To overcome this issue, co-gasification can be a potential solution, which simultaneously helps to reduce the carbon footprint and environmental impact. Hence, this study studied the feasibility of co-gasification of coal and biomass by testing co-slagging behaviour of bituminous coal and pine park biomass ashes. The slag viscosity is measured using a Brookfield DV-III Ultra rheometer coupled with a high-temperature furnace. Results show that pure coal ash does not form slag using the maximum furnace temperature of 1670 °C. However, co-slagging by 50/50 (wt./wt.) ratio of coal and biomass ash (PB50) significantly drops the slagging temperature due to the higher fluxing agents (i.e. CaO) in biomass ash. The temperature of critical viscosity was determined to be 1390 °C using PB50 ash, which maintained the maximum industrial viscosity limit of 25 Pa s up to the temperature of 1360 °C. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE part of Springer Nature.
Coaches’ use of remote coaching : experiences from paralympic sport
- Authors: Taylor, Sarah , Renshaw, Ian , Pinder, Ross , Polman, Remco , Russell, Scott
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Sport Coaching Journal Vol. 10, no. 3 special issue (2023), p. 316-327
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- Description: Remote coaching via the use of digital technologies has been utilized within Paralympic Sports since 2015 to address challenges experienced by coaches. These technologies have connected coaches and athletes in real time, alleviating time and travel costs. However, very little is known about the experience of coaching in these environments. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the experiences of coaches’ use of remote coaching technologies. Seven coaches from five Paralympic Sports were recruited for this study and participated in semistructured interviews. Additionally, observations were conducted of remote coaching sessions that were part of their regular training schedules. Coaches’ insights highlight that remote technologies created opportunities to increase coach–athlete interactions and positively impact the development of interpersonal relationships. This allowed coaches to explore and exploit newly discovered information from within training environments to aid athletes in skill development. Additionally, remote coaching provided unexpected opportunities for coach development. However, coaches also reported new environmental and logistical challenges which disrupted their usual coaching approach. Overall, remote coaching technologies were perceived as being beneficial despite the challenges experienced. However, future research that looks to understand how to impact coach and athlete development through the online environment is encouraged. © 2023 Human Kinetics, Inc.
Coaching and talent development in esports : a theoretical framework and suggestions for future research
- Authors: Bubna, Kabir , Trotter, Michael , Watson, Matthew , Polman, Remco
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Frontiers in Psychology Vol. 14, no. (2023), p.
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- Description: Esports is a growing phenomenon that is capturing the attention of individuals worldwide, and has grown to provide professional and lucrative careers for those who reach the upper echelons. One question that arises, is how esports athletes develop the necessary skills required to improve and compete. This perspective piece opens the door to skill acquisition within esports and how research through an ecological approach can benefit researchers and practitioners as they understand the various perception-action couplings and decision-making challenges faced by esports athletes. We will identify and discuss what constraints look like in esports, the role of affordances, and theorize the implementation of a constraints-led approach in contrasting esports genres. As esports is technology-heavy in nature and generally sedentary, the use of eye-tracking technology is argued to represent an effective method to better understand perceptual attunement between individuals and teams. Future research into skill acquisition in esports is needed to develop a clearer picture of what makes the greatest esports player so great, and how newer players can be developed effectively. Copyright © 2023 Bubna, Trotter, Watson and Polman.
Coconut water : a sports drink alternative?
- Authors: O’Brien, Brendan , Bell, Leo , Hennessy, Declan , Denham, Joshua , Paton, Carl
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Sports Vol. 11, no. 9 (2023), p.
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- Description: Coconut water is used as an alternative to conventional sports drinks for hydration during endurance cycling; however, evidence supporting its use is limited. This study determined if drinking coconut water compared to a sports drink altered cycling performance and physiology. In a randomized crossover trial, 19 experienced male (n = 15) and female (n = 4) cyclists (age 30 ± 9 years, body mass 79 ± 11 kg, (Formula presented.) O2 peak 55 ± 8 mL·kg
Cognitive AmBC-NOMA IoV-MTS networks with IQI : reliability and security analysis
- Authors: Li, Xingwang , Zheng, Yike , Alshehri, Mohammad , Hai, Linpeng , Balasubramanian, Venki , Zeng, Ming , Nie, Gaofeng
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems Vol. 24, no. 2 (2023), p. 2596-2607
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- Description: Internet-of-Vehicle (IoV) enabled Maritime Transportation Systems (MTS) communication is anticipated to support ultra-reliable and low latency, diverse quality-of-service (QoS) and large-scale connectivities. To meet such stringent demands, a cognitive ambient backscatter non-orthogonal multiple access (C-AmBC-NOMA) IoV-MTS network is proposed. We explore the reliable and secure performance of the proposed C-AmBC-NOMA IoV-MTS network with in-phase and quadrature phase imbalance (IQI) at radio-frequency (RF) front-ends and the existence of an eavesdropper. In particular, the analytical expressions on the outage probability (OP) and intercept probability (IP) are obtained after a series of calculations. For a deeper understanding, we discuss the asymptotic behavior of OPs in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region, the diversity orders of OPs, and IPs in the high main-to-eavesdropper ratio (MER) regime. The results of Monte-Carlo simulation and a series of corresponding theoretical analysis show that: i) As the SNR approaches infinity, the OPs tend to be fixed non-negative values, indicating that the diversity orders of the OPs have error floors; ii) When the MER approaches infinity, the IPs of legitimate users decrease continuously, while the IP of backscatter device (BD) increases; iii) Compared with the system performance under ideal condition, the system performance is less reliable under IQI condition, but the security performance is enhanced; iv) By carefully selecting the system parameters, a trade-off can be achieved between reliability and security. © 2000-2011 IEEE.
Cognitive behavioral therapy-based treatments for insomnia and nightmares in adults with trauma symptoms : a systematic review
- Authors: Isaac, Fadia , Toukhsati, Samia , DiBenedetto, Mirella , Kennedy, Gerard
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Current Psychology Vol. 42, no. 27 (2023), p. 23495-23505
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Collecting data for equity and justice: approaches and methods for collecting sex and gender data
- Authors: Arora, Aparna , Brindaalakshmi, K. , Kutch, Bren , Rydergaard, Erika , van der Merwe, Leigh , Zavros-Orr, Agli
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: Handbook of Research on Exploring Gender Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion Through an Intersectional Lens Chapter 12 p. 236-263
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- Description: This chapter seeks to address the challenge of collecting data about individual and interpersonal experiences of sex and gender to advance justice and equity in a context where gender and sex classifications have been used to erase and subdue non-conforming identities. The authors outline the field of previous studies on the topic, then illustrate the need for data collection with a human rights approach illustrated by case studies from three geographical contexts. First, the importance of accurate and just data for equitable access to public services is highlighted through a case study of transgender inclusion in public data in India. Second, the importance of collecting data with communities is illustrated through the example of a feminist association of transgender women based in South Africa. Finally, the authors provide ideas for designing data collection instruments, illustrated through changes in the Australian data collection standards initiated by advocacy and activist groups. © 2023 by IGI Global.
Common high-speed running thresholds likely do not correspond to high-speed running in field sports
- Authors: Freeman, Brock , Talpey, Scott , James, Lachlan , Opar, David , Young, Warren
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research Vol. 37, no. 7 (2023), p. 1411-1418
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- Description: The purpose of this study was to clarify what percentage of maximum speed is associated with various running gaits. Fifteen amateur field sport athletes (age = 23 ± 3.6 years) participated in a series of 55-meter running trials. The speed of each trial was determined by instructions relating to 5 previously identified gait patterns (jog, run, stride, near maximum sprint, and sprint). Each trial was filmed in slow motion (240 fps), whereas running speed was obtained using Global Positioning Systems. Contact time, stride angle, and midstance free-leg knee angle were determined from video footage. Running gaits corresponded with the following running speeds, jogging = 4.51 m·s-1, 56%Vmax, running = 5.41 m·s-1, 66%Vmax,striding = 6.37 m·s-1, 78%Vmax, near maximum sprinting = 7.08 m·s-1, 87%Vmax, and sprinting = 8.15 m·s-1, 100%Vmax. Significant (p < 0.05) increases in stride angle were observed as running speed increased. Significant (p < 0.05) decreases were observed in contact time and midstance free-leg knee angle as running speed increased. These findings suggest currently used thresholds for high-speed running (HSR) and sprinting most likely correspond with jogging and striding, which likely underestimates the true HSR demands. Therefore, a higher relative speed could be used to describe HSR and sprinting more accurately in field sports. © 2023 NSCA National Strength and Conditioning Association. All rights reserved.
Comparative analysis of machine and deep learning models for soil properties prediction from hyperspectral visual band
- Authors: Datta, Dristi , Paul, Manoranjan , Murshed, Manzur , Teng, Shyh Wei , Schmidtke, Leigh
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Environments Vol. 10, no. 5 (2023), p. 77
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- Description: Estimating various properties of soil, including moisture, carbon, and nitrogen, is crucial for studying their correlation with plant health and food production. However, conventional methods such as oven-drying and chemical analysis are laborious, expensive, and only feasible for a limited land area. With the advent of remote sensing technologies like multi/hyperspectral imaging, it is now possible to predict soil properties non-invasive and cost-effectively for a large expanse of bare land. Recent research shows the possibility of predicting those soil contents from a wide range of hyperspectral data using good prediction algorithms. However, these kinds of hyperspectral sensors are expensive and not widely available. Therefore, this paper investigates different machine and deep learning techniques to predict soil nutrient properties using only the red (R), green (G), and blue (B) bands data to propose a suitable machine/deep learning model that can be used as a rapid soil test. Another objective of this research is to observe and compare the prediction accuracy in three cases i. hyperspectral band ii. full spectrum of the visual band, and iii. three-channel of RGB band and provide a guideline to the user on which spectrum information they should use to predict those soil properties. The outcome of this research helps to develop a mobile application that is easy to use for a quick soil test. This research also explores learning-based algorithms with significant feature combinations and their performance comparisons in predicting soil properties from visual band data. For this, we also explore the impact of dimensional reduction (i.e., principal component analysis) and transformations (i.e., empirical mode decomposition) of features. The results show that the proposed model can comparably predict the soil contents from the three-channel RGB data.
Comparative evaluation of empirical approaches and artificial intelligence techniques for predicting uniaxial compressive strength of rock
- Authors: Li, Chuanqi , Zhou, Jian , Dias, Daniel , Du, Kun , Khandelwal, Manoj
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Geosciences (Switzerland) Vol. 13, no. 10 (2023), p.
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- Description: The uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of rocks is one of the key parameters for evaluating the safety and stability of civil and mining structures. In this study, 386 rock samples containing four properties named the load strength (PLS), the porosity (Pn), the P-wave velocity (Vp), and the Schmidt hardness rebound number (SHR) are utilized to predict the UCS using several typical empirical equations (EA) and artificial intelligence (AI) methods, i.e., 16 single regression (SR) equations, 2 multiple regression (MR) equations, and the random forest (RF) models optimized by grey wolf optimization (GWO), moth flame optimization (MFO), lion swarm optimization (LSO), and sparrow search algorithm (SSA). The root mean square error (RMSE), determination coefficient (R2), Willmott’s index (WI), and variance accounted for (VAF) are used to evaluate the predictive performance of all developed models. The evaluation results show that the overall performance of AI models is superior to empirical approaches, especially the LSO-RF model. In addition, the most important input variable is the Pn for predicting the UCS. Therefore, AI techniques are considered as more efficient and accurate approaches to replace the empirical equations for predicting the UCS of these collected rock samples, which provides a reliable and effective idea to predict the rock UCS in the filed site. © 2023 by the authors.
Comparing catastrophes : the influence of impacts and timelines on prioritising crises
- Authors: Gell, Peter
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: AIP Conference Proceedings Vol. 2683, no. 1 (2023), p. 030001
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- Description: Across time society has been confronted with a wide range of crises that have required measured responses. The COVID-19 pandemic was widely forecast, but governmental preparation was lacking. Even when it was spreading, its risks to society were downplayed in some quarters. The climate change crisis has also been widely forecast, and preparation has been slow, with vested interests also denying the science or downplaying the risk. The pandemic is an acute crisis with rapid onset and highly visible impacts on human life and wellbeing. Through vaccine technology, however, there is a short term and likely effective management measure available. Climate change is a diffuse crisis with long lead times. In contrast to Covid, it has momentum and, once thresholds are exceeded, measures to reverse the change will have limited effectiveness. While the implications of carbonising our atmosphere were known over 50 years ago, the socio-economic response is only now taking hold. The slow nature of this crisis has subdued the political response, and the Earth is now committed to considerable impacts, even if we collectively act decisively now. The gradual nature of this crisis, its opaque direct impacts on humanity, and the scale of its complexity render it a ‘wicked’ problem that will persist through this century and beyond. Scenarios of impact across multiple quarters assure us that the costs of unabated climate change will result in a global scale crisis, played out in many individual locations for many decades. Aware of this, society is already investing in adapting to the changes that are foreseen while also beginning the process of mitigating carbon emissions to limit the scale of the challenge. In some places, this may mean preparing economies for drier climates, while in others, it may mean a managed retreat from the present coastline. Providing refuge from heatwaves will be a widespread adaptation measure. For nature, its capacity to adapt will be strengthened if the pressure from humans is also mitigated.
Compliance with the zero suicide initiative by mental health clinicians at a regional mental health service : development and testing of a clinical audit tool
- Authors: Porter, Joanne , Dabkowski, Elissa , Connolly, Owen , Prokopiv, Valerie
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Nursing Reports Vol. 13, no. 1 (2023), p. 29-42
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- Description: Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the compliance of mental health clinicians in applying the Zero Suicide (ZS) approach to their clinical practice in a rural and regional health community setting. Methods: A retrospective clinical audit of six mental health teams was undertaken at a single site. A clinical audit tool was developed and validated using a six-step approach. The data was extracted and analysed via descriptive and inferential statistics and compared to a specialised mental health team, experienced with the ZS approach. Results: A total of 334 clinical records were extracted for January, April, August, November 2019 and June 2020. The clinical audit and analysis confirmed that the mental health teams are not consistently using the assessments from their training and are therefore not implementing all of these elements into their practice. This could have implications for the risk formulation and treatment for people at risk of suicide. Conclusions: The use of a validated clinical audit tool can be beneficial to establish compliance with the mental health clinicians and to determine any areas requiring further improvement. Further education and reinforcement may be required to ensure consistency with incorporating the elements of ZS into everyday clinical practice. © 2022 by the authors.
Comprehensive analysis of feature extraction techniques and runtime performance evaluation for phishing detection
- Authors: Nath, Subrata , Islam, Mohammad , Chowdhury, Abdullahi , Rashid, Mohammad , Islam, Maheen , Jabid, Taskeed , Naha, Ranesh
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Conference paper
- Relation: 6th International Conference on Applied Computational Intelligence in Information Systems, ACIIS 2023, Bandar Seri Bagawan, Brunei, 23-25 October 2023, 2023 6th International Conference on Applied Computational Intelligence in Information Systems: Intelligent and Resilient Digital Innovations for Sustainable Living, ACIIS 2023 - Proceedings
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- Description: The digital landscape is continually evolving, bringing with it numerous cybersecurity challenges, notably the rise of phishing websites targeting unsuspecting users. These deceptive websites jeopardize digital identities, emphasizing the critical need for precise detection mechanisms. This research provides a deep analysis of feature extraction nuances and critically evaluates the runtime performance of detection models. Through intensive refinement of Random Forest classification models, an integrative approach is adopted, which encompasses feature selection, outlier mitigation, and hyperparameter optimization using advanced data mining techniques. Leveraging a pre-established dataset with 87 distinct features from 11,430 URLs, this research narrows down the features to a pivotal set of 56. The outcome is a robust model that achieves an accuracy of 97.069% and a precision rate of 97.326%. A noteworthy aspect of this study is the incorporation of ensemble models, which amplify prediction accuracy by harnessing the capabilities of multiple algorithms. By employing the ensemble approach, the research ensures the model's heightened accuracy and adaptability, making it resilient against ever-changing phishing strategies. The findings underscore the symbiotic relationship between comprehensive feature extraction techniques and the paramount importance of runtime efficiency, laying the groundwork for a fortified digital landscape. © 2023 IEEE.
Compulsive exercise and its relationship with mental health and psychosocial wellbeing in recreational exercisers and athletes
- Authors: Cosh, Suzanne , McNeil, Dominic , Tully, Phillip
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 26, no. 7 (2023), p. 338-344
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- Description: Objectives: Better understanding of compulsive exercise is needed in sports medicine. Whilst compulsive exercise may impact mental health, the limited research exploring the relationship between compulsive exercise and psychosocial outcomes is equivocal. The majority of studies have examined eating disorder populations where the eating disorder pathology might account for distress. This study explores relationships between compulsive exercise and mental health. Design: Cross-sectional observational study. Methods: Australian recreational exercisers and athletes (N = 1157; Mage 36.4, standard deviation = 12.9, 77 % female) recruited through sporting organisations, clubs, and gyms, completed measures of compulsive exercise, depression, anxiety, stress, life satisfaction, social physique anxiety, and self-esteem. Regression analyses examined relationships between dimensions of compulsive exercise and wellbeing. Results: After adjustment for eating disorder symptoms and sporting level, compulsive exercise was associated with increased risk of clinically-significant anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms. Compulsive exercise was also associated with lower life satisfaction and self-esteem, and higher social physique anxiety. Notably, different dimensions of compulsive exercise had varying relationships with outcomes, and avoidance and rule-driven behaviour and lack of exercise enjoyment were associated with poorer mental health and wellbeing. Conclusions: Results suggest that compulsive exercise is uniquely associated with a range of psychosocial and mental health outcomes. Results support the need to improve identification and treatment of compulsive exercise in sport and exercise settings. Results highlight that mental health intervention is an important component of treatment, and treatments targeting symptoms related to avoidance and rule-driven behaviour, and anhedonia may be valuable treatment components for those with compulsive exercise. © 2023 The Author(s)