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Sports trainers' attitudes towards injury surveillance in community Australian Football

- Ekegren, Christina, Donaldson, Alex, Gabbe, Belinda, Sheehan, Lynne, Finch, Caroline

Spray drying of starch submicron particles prepared by high pressure homogenization and mini-emulsion cross-linking

- Shi, Aimin, Li, Dong, Wang, Li-jun, Zhou, Yuguang, Adhikari, Benu

  • Authors: Shi, Aimin , Li, Dong , Wang, Li-jun , Zhou, Yuguang , Adhikari, Benu
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Food Engineering Vol. 113, no. 3 (2012), p. 399-407
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  • Description: The suspensions containing starch submicron particles prepared through a novel high pressure homogenization and mini-emulsion cross-linking technology were spray dried to obtain cross-linked starch submicron particles. Dryer inlet temperature and feed flow rate were varied to investigate their effect on moisture content, glass transition temperature (T g), morphology of the starch submicron particles. The residual moisture content of the particles was below 10% (w/w) and particle had collapsed morphology. The T g of these submicron particles varied between 54 and 57°C corresponding to moisture contents of 9.78% and 8.31%, respectively and the cross-linking and the high hydrogen bond density in these submicron particles strongly affected the moisture dependence in their T g. The X-ray diffraction and FT-IR experiments revealed that these starch submicron particles were in amorphous glassy state, fully cross-linked and had very high extent of hydrogen bonding. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Springtail (Collembola) assemblages along an elevational gradient in Australian subtropical rainforest

- Maunsell, Sarah, Kitching, Roger, Greenslade, Penelope, Nakamura, Akihiro, Burwell, Chris

  • Authors: Maunsell, Sarah , Kitching, Roger , Greenslade, Penelope , Nakamura, Akihiro , Burwell, Chris
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Australian Journal of Entomology Vol. 52, no. 2 (2012), p. 114-124
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  • Description: Springtails are one of the most abundant groups of arthropods inhabiting soil and litter substrates within rainforest ecosystems, making significant contributions to ecological processes such as decomposition. The aim of this study is to assess the potential sensitivity of springtail assemblages to climate change by presenting some of the first data on the elevation stratification of springtail assemblages in subtropical rainforest. A standardised sampling protocol was used to compare the assemblages of families and species of springtails living within leaf-litter at three elevations in continuous rainforest in south-east Queensland, Australia. Leaf-litter was collected and springtails extracted from four replicate plots at approximately 700, 900 and 1100m a.s.l. on two sampling occasions (January 2008 and December 2008). Environment variables (elevation of plots, tree species richness, composition and basal area, soil temperature and moisture and a range of physical and chemical properties of the soil) that may correlate with springtail distributions were incorporated into the analyses. Springtail assemblages showed clear elevation patterns, despite some differences between the two sampling occasions. Springtail assemblages characteristic of different elevations particularly when examined at a finer taxonomic resolution (species compared with family-level identification) were identified. Plot elevation (m a.s.l.) correlated most strongly with patterns in springtail species assemblages, but was also highly correlated with several other environmental factors. The results indicate that springtails, as a group, respond strongly to the physico-chemical and/or biological changes that occur with increasing elevation, even over a relatively small elevation range, demonstrating that they have potential as monitoring targets as forests experience climate change. © 2012 The Authors Australian Journal of Entomology © 2012 Australian Entomological Society.
  • Description: 2003011026

Stability in linear optimization and related topics. A personal tour

- López, Marco

  • Authors: López, Marco
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: TOP Vol. 20, no. 2 (2012), p. 217-244
  • Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP110102011
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  • Description: This paper is a kind of biased survey of the most representative and recent results on stability for the linear optimization problem. Qualitative and quantitative approaches are considered in this survey, and some infinite-dimensional extensions of the main results to more general problems are also included. In particular the paper deals with the lower/upper semicontinuity of the feasible/optimal set mappings, different types of ill-posedness, distance to ill-posedness, Lipschitz properties of these mappings under different types of perturbations, and estimates of the associated Lipschitz bounds.

Stationarity and regularity of infinite collections of sets

- Kruger, Alexander, López, Marco

  • Authors: Kruger, Alexander , López, Marco
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications Vol. 154, no. 2 (2012), p. 339-369
  • Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP110102011
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  • Description: This article investigates extremality, stationarity, and regularity properties of infinite collections of sets in Banach spaces. Our approach strongly relies on the machinery developed for finite collections. When dealing with an infinite collection of sets, we examine the behavior of its finite subcollections. This allows us to establish certain primal-dual relationships between the stationarity/regularity properties some of which can be interpreted as extensions of the Extremal principle. Stationarity criteria developed in the article are applied to proving intersection rules for Fréchet normals to infinite intersections of sets in Asplund spaces. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.

Stationarity and Regularity of Infinite Collections of Sets. Applications to Infinitely Constrained Optimization

- Kruger, Alexander, López, Marco

  • Authors: Kruger, Alexander , López, Marco
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications Vol. 155, no. 2 (2012), p. 390-416
  • Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP110102011
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  • Description: This article continues the investigation of stationarity and regularity properties of infinite collections of sets in a Banach space started in Kruger and López (J. Optim. Theory Appl. 154(2), 2012), and is mainly focused on the application of the stationarity criteria to infinitely constrained optimization problems. We consider several settings of optimization problems which involve (explicitly or implicitly) infinite collections of sets and deduce for them necessary conditions characterizing stationarity in terms of dual space elements-normals and/or subdifferentials.

Stereotypes and self-perceptions of physical education pre-service teachers

- Spittle, Michael, Petering, Felicity, Kremer, Peter, Spittle, Sharna

  • Authors: Spittle, Michael , Petering, Felicity , Kremer, Peter , Spittle, Sharna
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Australian Journal of Teacher Education Vol. 37, no. 1 (2012), p. 18-42
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  • Description: Stereotypes and self-perceptions are important in understanding how people develop their self-knowledge and social identity, become members of groups, and view groups and their members. While we have some understanding of the stereotypical view of the physical education teacher, we currently have little knowledge of how physical education pre-service teachers (students studying a physical education degree) are stereotyped, and also if there is any relationship between these stereotypes and how physical education pre-service teachers perceive themselves. The purpose of this study was to examine the stereotypes and self-perceptions of physical education pre-service teachers. The aims were to describe how physical education pre-service teachers stereotype and perceive themselves, examine if there are differences in the stereotypes and self-perceptions between males and females, and to explore if there were relationships between what the physical education pre-service teachers believed stereotyped them and how they perceived themselves. Participants were 250 students (n=120 males, n=130 female) studying a 4-year Bachelor of Education (Physical Education) degree at a university who completed a questionnaire which contained 10 items about how they viewed physical education pre-service teachers (stereotypes), and 26 items on how they viewed male physical education pre-service teachers and female pre-service teachers (stereotypes) and 26 items on how they view themselves (selfperceptions). Factor analysis revealed 2 stereotype factors, which were labelled as Sociable (e.g., socialise, partying, drinking, loud and outgoing) and Health and Lifestyle (e.g., fit, playing sport and not smoking). The stereotype of the male physical education pre-service teacher, comprised two factors: physical, assertive and aggressive behaviour (e.g., aggressive, dominant, self-confident, and competitive) and physical and self-presentation factors (muscular, athletic, physically fit, physically coordinated, and attractive). The stereotype of female physical education pre-service teachers comprised three factors: physical appearance and ability (e.g., physically fit, athletic, able-bodied, attractive, thin, and physically coordinated), aggressive and assertive behavioural style (e.g., intimidating, unapproachable, and aggressive), and masculine behavioural style (e.g., aggressive, masculine, feminine, muscular and dominant). The self-perception of male physical education pre-service teachers comprised three factors: perceived appearance and ability (e.g., athletic, physical fit, thin, attractive, muscular and pleased with their body), aggressive and confident behaviour (e.g., intimidating, dominant, show off and aggressive) and independence and intellect (e.g., independent, ambitious, self confident and intelligent). The self-perception of female physical education pre-service teachers comprised three factors: strong willed behaviour (e.g., ambitious, and dominant), presentation and appearance (e.g., pleased with their body, attractive, thin and self confident), and aggressive and dominant behaviour (e.g., aggressive, intimidating, masculine and show off). There were significant relationships between the male physical and self-presentation stereotype factor stereotype and perceived appearance and ability self-perception factor and between the male physical, assertive and aggressive behaviour stereotype factor and the male aggressive and confident behaviours self-perception factor. For females, the aggressive and dominant behaviour stereotype was related to both the aggressive and assertive behavioural style self-perception factor and the masculine behavioural style self-perception factor. It is suggested that future studies investigate the stereotypes and self-perceptions of students in schools during the recruitment phase of socialisation, and the possible influence of the physical education teacher education programme, faculty leaders, and significant others on the physical education pre-service teachers' self-perceptions, stereotypes and soci lisation into physical education.

Stereotyping stigma: undergraduate health students' perceptions at handover

- Doyle, Kerrie, Cruickshank, Mary

  • Authors: Doyle, Kerrie , Cruickshank, Mary
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: The Journal of nursing education Vol. 51, no. 5 (2012), p. 255-261
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  • Description: The World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized that errors in communication are one of the leading causes of adverse patient outcomes. Consequently, the WHO developed the High 5s Project to review, among other variables, handover of patients between shifts, professionals, and organizations. Seven countries were involved in the initial project. Australia responded by using the ISOBAR (Identify, Situation, Observations, Background, Agreed plan, and Read-back) tool as a template. However, none of the countries involved considered the social and emotional effects of handover on the staff or patients, although research has demonstrated that attitudes and values can be handed over from one nurse to another during this process. This article shows how the nurse who hands over care from one shift to the next can transfer stigma and labeling and offers suggestions for nurse educators and clinicians to apply national standards and core values to clinical practice and education.

Strategies for marketing greenness: A case study of an architectural design firm in China

- Song-Turner, Helen, Courvisanos, Jerry, Zeegers, Margaret

  • Authors: Song-Turner, Helen , Courvisanos, Jerry , Zeegers, Margaret
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: World Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2, no. 7 (2012), p. 79-94
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  • Description: This paper is based on a case study conducted in China on green perception and motivation as well as green marketing strategy and practices of an architectural design firm. The study is set in the context of growing emphasis on environmental protection and building energy efficiency investment and the implementation principles of sustainable development in China. Drawing on the literature on firms’ motivation to go green and characteristics of firms which are instrumental in inducing firm’s green initiatives, this paper selected an architectural design firm to investigate whether all of some of those drivers as identified from literature are relevant to green initiatives decision making. Findings from this case indicate that while motivations identified from the literature contribute to the firm’s greening commitment, it is the top management’s knowledge, leadership and vision that are the decisive driving forces. In addition, the research has found that traditional Chinese culture also plays an influential role in the firm’s greening behaviors. Results further suggest that green building is still in an early adopter period. Problems and implications for green marketing practices are also discussed.
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Student Engagement for Equity and Social Justice: Creating Space for Student Voice

- McMahon, Brenda, Munns, Geoff, Zyngier, David, Smyth, John

  • Authors: McMahon, Brenda , Munns, Geoff , Zyngier, David , Smyth, John
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Teaching & Learning Vol. 7, no. 2 (2012), p. 63-78
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  • Description: This paper describes three student engagement initiatives that have been successfully implemented in Australia and Canada, where social justice educators are struggling with issues resulting from reforms that marginalize visible minority and low-income students. The projects envision student engagement in critical democratic ways. Using different strategies, they are informed by approaches that: respect students, educators and teaching/learning processes; connect on emotional as well as cognitive levels; and shift away from narrow notions of schooling to broader visions of education for marginalized students. Transferable to other locations, these programmes provide insights into what is possible when student engagement is enacted in equitable, socially just, and transformative environments.
  • Description: C1

Stuttering, disability and the higher education sector in Australia

- Meredith, Grant, Packman, Ann, Marks, Genee

  • Authors: Meredith, Grant , Packman, Ann , Marks, Genee
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology Vol. 14, no. 4 (2012), p. 370-376
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  • Description: The aim of this study was to ascertain the extent to which Australian public universities and their associated disability liaison services offer web-based information for current or prospective students who stutter. The disability pages of the websites of all 39 public universities in Australia were visited and the information about disability services assessed according to 12 criteria developed by the authors. Results indicate that there is a dearth of information on Australian university websites available for students or prospective students who stutter. Only 13% of the sites reported any form of alternative teaching and assessment procedures for speech-impaired students and only 51% of 39 disability liaison officers responded when contacted by email. Such a student could not make an informed choice to enrol in a university based upon the information on disability services available on public Australian university websites. © 2012 The Speech Pathology Association of Australia Limited.

Subdifferential of the closed convex hull of a function and integration with nonconvex data in general normed spaces

- López, Marco, Volle, Michel

Subgradient Method for Nonconvex Nonsmooth Optimization

- Bagirov, Adil, Jin, L., Karmitsa, Napsu, Al Nuaimat, A., Sultanova, Nargiz

  • Authors: Bagirov, Adil , Jin, L. , Karmitsa, Napsu , Al Nuaimat, A. , Sultanova, Nargiz
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications Vol.157, no.2 (2012), p.416–435
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  • Description: In this paper, we introduce a new method for solving nonconvex nonsmooth optimization problems. It uses quasisecants, which are subgradients computed in some neighborhood of a point. The proposed method contains simple procedures for finding descent directions and for solving line search subproblems. The convergence of the method is studied and preliminary results of numerical experiments are presented. The comparison of the proposed method with the subgradient and the proximal bundle methods is demonstrated using results of numerical experiments. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.

Sufficient conditions for global optimality of semidefinite optimization

- Quan, Jing, Wu, Zhiyou, Li, Guoquan, Wu, Ou

  • Authors: Quan, Jing , Wu, Zhiyou , Li, Guoquan , Wu, Ou
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Inequalities and Applications Vol. 2012, no. 108
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  • Description: In this article, by using the Lagrangian function, we investigate the sufficient global optimality conditions for a class of semi-definite optimization problems, where the objective function are general nonlinear, the variables are mixed integers subject to linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) constraints as well as bounded constraints. In addition, the sufficient global optimality conditions for general nonlinear programming problems are derived, where the variables satisfy LMIs constraints and box constraints or bivalent constraints. Furthermore, we give the sufficient global optimality conditions for standard semi-definite programming problem, where the objective function is linear, the variables satisfy linear inequalities constraints and box constraints. © 2012 Quan et al.

Surf bather drowning risk and exposure-related factors identified by an expert panel

- Morgan, Damian, Ozanne-Smith, Joan

  • Authors: Morgan, Damian , Ozanne-Smith, Joan
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education Vol. 6, no. 4 (2012 2012), p. 336-349
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  • Description: In the absence of an established literature, identifying and quantifying surf bather drowning risk factors requires a clearly defined problem-focused research strategy. To initiate this strategy, nominal group technique (NGT) was used to identify and rank risk and water exposure-related factors based on consensus of an expert panel. The results identified, in order, level of experience (encompassing swimming ability in surf conditions), lack of local knowledge (encompassing awareness of surf hazards, including rip currents), and surf conditions (encompassing prevailing wave height and rip currents) as the three most influential surf bather drowning risk factors. Factors most influential on exposure to water were identi fied and ranked as prevailing weather geographic location (encompassing bather accessibility to the beach), and infrastructure (encompassing the presence of artificial beach amenities). This study provides direction for future analytic epidemiological research and complementary studies on drowning at surf beaches and other locations. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR

Sustained activation of microglia in the hypothalamic PVN following myocardial infarction

- Dworak, Melissa, Stebbing, Martin, Kompa, Andrew, Rana, Indrajeetsinh, Krum, Henry, Badoer, Emilio

  • Authors: Dworak, Melissa , Stebbing, Martin , Kompa, Andrew , Rana, Indrajeetsinh , Krum, Henry , Badoer, Emilio
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Autonomic Neuroscience Vol. 169, no. 2 (August 2012 2012), p. 70-76
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  • Description: Microglia are the immune cells in the central nervous system and can produce cytokines when they are activated by an insult or injury. In the present study, we investigated in detail the time frame of the activation of microglia in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) following myocardial infarction in rats. Morphological changes and immunohistochemistry to detect CD11b (clone OX-42) were used to identify activated microglia. Compared to rats that had undergone sham surgical procedures, there was a significant increase of between 40 and 50% in the proportion of activated microglia in the PVN 4–16 weeks following myocardial infarction (P < 0.001, One way ANOVA). At 24 h or 1 week post myocardial infarction, however, there was no significant increase in the proportion of activated microglia. Echocardiography and haemodynamic parameters after myocardial infarction indicated significantly reduced left ventricular function. In conclusion, following myocardial infarction, activation of microglia in the PVN does not occur immediately but once manifested, activation is sustained. Thus, activated microglia may contribute to the chronic elevation in cytokine levels observed following myocardial infarction. Since cytokines elicit sympatho-excitatory effects when locally microinjected into the PVN, activated microglia may contribute to the mechanisms mediating the chronic increase in sympathetic nerve activity in animals with reduced left ventricular function induced following myocardial infarction.
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Swim instructor beliefs about toddler and preschool swimming and water safety education

- Blitvich, Jennifer, Moran, Kevin, Petrass, Lauren, McElroy, G. Keith, Stanley, Teresa

Swimming and water safety: reaching all children in Australian primary schools

- Lynch, Timothy

  • Authors: Lynch, Timothy
  • Date: 2012
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education Vol. 6, no. 3 (2012), p. 267-278
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  • Description: Data gathered indicate that reductions in annual Australian drowning fatalities for not only children, but people of all ages, have hit a plateau, and if anything, figures suggest that fatal drownings in recent years are on the increase. It is alarm- ing that figures are not falling despite the many well-developed swimming and water safety education programs available. The number of drowning deaths in Australia is regarded by governing bodies as far too many, hence it is proposed that the necessary changes required to further reduce drowning may involve teachers within primary schools being used more efficiently in the educational process. This paper concludes that by implementing swimming and water safety with conviction into the school curriculum, all students will become more aware of drowning risk behaviors, thus successfully decreasing drowning fatalities in both the short and long terms

Taking a punt on skill testing: Out of the lab and onto the sports field

- Berry, Jason, Millar, Lucy, O'Brien, Brendan

Taking responsibility for music education in the primary school: A case study

- De Vries, Peter, Albon, Nerissa