Showing items 461 - 467 of 467

Your selections:

Trajectories of child free sugars intake and dental caries - a population-based birth cohort study

- Ha, Diep, Nguyen, Huy, Bell, Lucinda, Devenish-Coleman, Gemma, Golley, Rebecca, Thomson, W., Manton, David, Leary, Sam, Scott, Jane, Spencer, John, Do, Loc

  • Authors: Ha, Diep , Nguyen, Huy , Bell, Lucinda , Devenish-Coleman, Gemma , Golley, Rebecca , Thomson, W. , Manton, David , Leary, Sam , Scott, Jane , Spencer, John , Do, Loc
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Dentistry Vol. 134, no. (2023), p.
  • Full Text: false
  • Reviewed:
  • Description: Objectives: To investigate the association between trajectories of free sugars intake during the first five years of life and dental caries experience at five years. Methods: Data from the SMILE population-based prospective birth cohort study, collected at one, two and five years old, were used. A 3-days dietary diary and food frequency questionnaire were used to estimate free sugars intake (FSI) in grams. The primary outcomes were dental caries prevalence and experience (dmfs). The Group-Based Trajectory Modelling method was used to characterize three FSI trajectories (‘Low and increasing’; ‘Moderate and increasing’; and ‘High and increasing’), which were the main exposures. Multivariable regression models were generated to compute adjusted prevalence ratios (APR) and rate ratios (ARR) for the exposure, controlling for socioeconomic factors. Results: The prevalence of caries was 23.3%, with a mean dmfs of 1.4, and a median of 3.0 among those who had caries. There were clear gradients of caries prevalence and experience by the FSI trajectories. The ‘High and increasing’ had an APR of 2.13 (95%CI 1.23-3.70) and ARR of 2.77 (95%CI 1.45-5.32) against the ‘Low and increasing’. The ‘Moderate and increasing’ group had intermediate estimates. A quarter of the caries cases could have been prevented if the whole study sample had been in the ‘Low and increasing’ FSI trajectory. Conclusion: A sustained, high trajectory of FSI from a young age was positively associated with child dental caries. Measures to minimise consumption of free sugars must commence early in life. Clinical significance: The study has provided high level evidence to inform clinicians’ decisions in promoting a healthy dietary pattern for young children. © 2023

Understanding experiences of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients at the emergency departments in Australia

- Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Huda, Md Nazmul, Somerville, Emma, Penny, Lauren, Dashwood, Ryan, Bloxsome, Sharon, Warrior, Keith, Pratt, Katie, Lankin, Margaret, Kenny, Kevin, Arabena, Kerry

  • Authors: Rahman, Muhammad Aziz , Huda, Md Nazmul , Somerville, Emma , Penny, Lauren , Dashwood, Ryan , Bloxsome, Sharon , Warrior, Keith , Pratt, Katie , Lankin, Margaret , Kenny, Kevin , Arabena, Kerry
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: EMA - Emergency Medicine Australasia Vol. 35, no. 4 (2023), p. 595-599
  • Full Text:
  • Reviewed:
  • Description: Objectives: The present study describes the experiences of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients and the factors that shaped their experiences of ED visits in regional settings. Methods: This is a qualitative descriptive study. We conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients who used the ED services at three hospitals in New South Wales, Northern Territory and South Australia. We coded the collected data and analysed them using a thematic analysis technique. Results: A total of 33 Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients participated. Analyses of their experiences revealed four themes, which included: (i) patients' waiting times in ED; (ii) cultural determinants of health; (iii) treatment services; and (iv) safety, security and privacy. Conclusions: A holistic approach and a robust hospital commitment to address cultural needs while considering overall health, social and emotional wellbeing, will enhance Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients' satisfaction for ED visits. © 2023 The Authors. Emergency Medicine Australasia published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australasian College for Emergency Medicine.

Understanding the translingual practices among international students in multilingual cities

- Yin, Yijun, Chik, Alice, Falloon, Garry

  • Authors: Yin, Yijun , Chik, Alice , Falloon, Garry
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Australian review of applied linguistics Vol. 46, no. 1 (2023), p. 54-75
  • Full Text:
  • Reviewed:
  • Description: The impact of global mobility and technology innovations on urban linguistic diversity poses a key challenge to understand how and to what extent international students are immersed in the target language. Such diversity of languages and modes of communication has pointed to a fundamental transformation in the way that international students interact with both online and offline resources. The translingual practices of Chinese international students presented in this study suggest that, instead of being a language learner in an English-dominant country, these students make use of but go beyond their full repertoires to conduct various online and offline activities when living in a translanguaging space. An evaluation of both online and offline practices demonstrates how their online translingual practices were merged into offline contexts, to create opportunities for learning and social engagement. Understanding international students’ experience with both online and offline resources provides useful insights into the translingual practices and processes adopted by them when living and studying in a multilingual city.

Virtual care initiatives for older adults in Australia : scoping review

- Savira, Feby, Gupta, Adyya, Gilbert, Cecily, Huggins, Catherine, Browning, Colette, Chapman, Wendy, Haines, Terry, Peeters, Anna

  • Authors: Savira, Feby , Gupta, Adyya , Gilbert, Cecily , Huggins, Catherine , Browning, Colette , Chapman, Wendy , Haines, Terry , Peeters, Anna
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article , Review
  • Relation: Journal of Medical Internet Research Vol. 25, no. (2023), p.
  • Full Text:
  • Reviewed:
  • Description: Background: There has been a rapid shift toward the adoption of virtual health care services in Australia. It is unknown how widely virtual care has been implemented or evaluated for the care of older adults in Australia. Objective: We aimed to review the literature evaluating virtual care initiatives for older adults across a wide range of health conditions and modalities and identify key challenges and opportunities for wider adoption at both patient and system levels in Australia. Methods: A scoping review of the literature was conducted. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, AgeLine, and gray literature (January 1, 2011, to March 8, 2021) to identify virtual care initiatives for older Australians (aged

Why have eight researcher women in STEMM left academic research, and where did they go?

- Christian, Katherine, Johnstone, Carolyn, Larkins, Jo-ann, Wright, Wendy

  • Authors: Christian, Katherine , Johnstone, Carolyn , Larkins, Jo-ann , Wright, Wendy
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal for Academic Development Vol. 28, no. 1 (2023), p. 31-44
  • Full Text: false
  • Reviewed:
  • Description: The workplace for early-career researchers (ECRs) in STEMM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics and medicine) is highly competitive; ECRs urgently need to publish and attract funding to secure their next job. The literature suggests this environment is more difficult for women than for men. They start the postdoctoral period in equal numbers; however more women leave academia than men and women are under-represented at the senior levels. Interviews of eight women who had recently left academic research explored their reasons for the change, providing insight into the difficult decision-making processes and the largely beneficial outcomes of their choices of new careers. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

“If I can't do it, who will?” Lived experiences of australian emergency nurses during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic

- Jackson, Megan, Porter, Joanne, Peck, Blake, Mesagno, Christopher

  • Authors: Jackson, Megan , Porter, Joanne , Peck, Blake , Mesagno, Christopher
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Emergency Nursing Vol. 49, no. 5 (2023), p. 733-743
  • Full Text: false
  • Reviewed:
  • Description: Introduction: The World Health Organization estimates that approximately 180,000 health care workers have died in the fight against COVID-19. Emergency nurses have experienced relentless pressure in maintaining the health and well-being of their patients, often to their detriment. Methods: This research aimed to gain an understanding of lived experiences of Australian emergency nurses working on the frontline during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative research design was used, guided by an interpretive hermeneutic phenomenological approach. A total of 10 Victorian emergency nurses from both regional and metropolitan hospitals were interviewed between September and November 2020. Analysis was undertaken using a thematic analysis method. Results: A total of 4 major themes were produced from the data. The 4 overarching themes included mixed messages, changes to practice, living through a pandemic, and 2021: here we come. Discussion: Emergency nurses have been exposed to extreme physical, mental, and emotional conditions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. A greater emphasis on the mental and emotional well-being of frontline workers is paramount to the success of maintaining a strong and resilient health care workforce. © 2023 Emergency Nurses Association

Is there any support in the long term tide gauge data to the claims that parts of Sydney will be swamped by rising sea levels?

- Boretti, Alberto

  • Authors: Boretti, Alberto
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Coastal Engineering Vol.64, no. June 2012), p.161-167
  • Full Text: false
  • Reviewed:
  • Description: The government of Australia is supporting the statement that sea levels are rising faster than ever before as a result of increased carbon dioxide emissions. Consequent to this, low-lying coastal areas, where the majority of Australians are concentrated, have been declared at risk of sea level inundations. Maps with 0.5, 0.8 and 1.1 m sea level rise have been proposed for Sydney, the major Australian city. However, long term tide gauges, recording sea levels worldwide, as well as along the coastline of Australia, and within the bay of Sydney, do not show any sign of accelerating sea level rises at present time. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.