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Maximal and submaximal intensity isometric knee extensions induce an underestimation of time estimates with both younger and older adults : a randomized crossover trial

- Graham, Andrew, Gardner, Hayley, Chaabene, Helmi, Talpey, Scott, Alizadeh, Shahab, Behm, David

  • Authors: Graham, Andrew , Gardner, Hayley , Chaabene, Helmi , Talpey, Scott , Alizadeh, Shahab , Behm, David
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Sports Science and Medicine Vol. 22, no. 3 (2023), p. 405-415
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  • Description: Our perception of time plays a critical role in nearly all daily activities and especially in sports. There are no studies that have investigated and compared time perception during exercise in young and older adults. Thus, this study aimed to compare the effects of exercise on time perception between younger and older adult populations. Thirty-three recreationally active participants were recruited and assigned to either the younger (university students, 9 males and 10 females) or older adults (>60 years, 8 males and 6 females). All participants completed four exercise conditions over two sessions on separate days: approximately 30-seconds of knee extensors 100%, 60% and 10% of maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), and control (no contractions). Prospective time perception was estimated (at 5-, 10-, 20-, and 30-seconds) at the beginning of each session and while performing the exercise. A main effect for condition (p < 0.001, d = 1.06) with subsequent post-hoc tests indicated participants significantly underestimated (estimated time was shorter than chronological time) time in all three exercise conditions compared to the control. There were no significant age group differences. In conclusion, exercise underestimated time estimates regardless of intensity or age. This questions the postulated intensity-dependent relationship between exercise and time perception. While older adults were expected to be less accurate in their time estimates, they may have been able to adopt alternative strategies for agerelated changes in their internal clock, resulting in no significant age group differences. © 2023, Journal of Sport Science and Medicine. All rights reserved.

MCSNet+ : enhanced convolutional neural network for detection and classification of tribolium and sitophilus sibling species in actual wheat storage environments

- Yang, Haiying, Li, Yanyu, Xin, Liyong, Teng, Shyh, Pang, Shaoning, Zhao, Huiyi, Cao, Yang, Zhou, Xiaoguang

  • Authors: Yang, Haiying , Li, Yanyu , Xin, Liyong , Teng, Shyh , Pang, Shaoning , Zhao, Huiyi , Cao, Yang , Zhou, Xiaoguang
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Foods Vol. 12, no. 19 (2023), p.
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  • Description: Insect pests like Tribolium and Sitophilus siblings are major threats to grain storage and processing, causing quality and quantity losses that endanger food security. These closely related species, having very similar morphological and biological characteristics, often exhibit variations in biology and pesticide resistance, complicating control efforts. Accurate pest species identification is essential for effective control, but workplace safety in the grain bin associated with grain deterioration, clumping, fumigator hazards, and air quality create challenges. Therefore, there is a pressing need for an online automated detection system. In this work, we enriched the stored-grain pest sibling image dataset, which includes 25,032 annotated Tribolium samples of two species and five geographical strains from real warehouse and another 1774 from the lab. As previously demonstrated on the Sitophilus family, Convolutional Neural Networks demonstrate distinct advantages over other model architectures in detecting Tribolium. Our CNN model, MCSNet+, integrates Soft-NMS for better recall in dense object detection, a Position-Sensitive Prediction Model to handle translation issues, and anchor parameter fine-tuning for improved matching and speed. This approach significantly enhances mean Average Precision (mAP) for Sitophilus and Tribolium, reaching a minimum of 92.67 ± 1.74% and 94.27 ± 1.02%, respectively. Moreover, MCSNet+ exhibits significant improvements in prediction speed, advancing from 0.055 s/img to 0.133 s/img, and elevates the recognition rates of moving insect sibling species in real wheat storage and visible light, rising from 2.32% to 2.53%. The detection performance of the model on laboratory-captured images surpasses that of real storage facilities, with better results for Tribolium compared to Sitophilus. Although inter-strain variances are less pronounced, the model achieves acceptable detection results across different Tribolium geographical strains, with a minimum recognition rate of 82.64 ± 1.27%. In real-time monitoring videos of grain storage facilities with wheat backgrounds, the enhanced deep learning model based on Convolutional Neural Networks successfully detects and identifies closely related stored-grain pest images. This achievement provides a viable solution for establishing an online pest management system in real storage facilities. © 2023 by the authors.

Mental fatigue does not affect static balance under both single and dual task conditions in young adults

- Salihu, Abubakar, Usman, Jibrin, Hill, Keith, Zoghi, Maryam, Jaberzadeh, Shapour

  • Authors: Salihu, Abubakar , Usman, Jibrin , Hill, Keith , Zoghi, Maryam , Jaberzadeh, Shapour
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Experimental Brain Research Vol. 241, no. 7 (2023), p. 1769-1784
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  • Description: The ability to control balance and prevent falls while carrying out daily life activities may require a predominantly controlled (cognitive) or automatic processing depending on the balance challenge, age, or other factors. Consequently, this process may be affected by mental fatigue which has been shown to impair cognitive abilities. Controlling static balance in young adults is a relatively easy task that may proceed automatically with minimal cognitive input making it insusceptible to mental fatigue. To investigate this hypothesis, static single and dual task (while concurrently counting backward by seven) balance was assessed in 60 young adults (25.2 ± 2.4 years) before and after 45 min of Stroop task (mental fatigue condition) and watching documentary (control), presented in a randomized counterbalanced order on separate days. Moreover, because mental fatigue can occur due to task underload or overload, participants carried out two different Stroop tasks (i.e., all congruent, and mainly incongruent trials) on separate days in the mental fatigue condition. Results of the study revealed a significantly higher feeling of mental fatigue after the mental fatigue conditions compared to control (p < 0.001). Similarly, the performance on congruent Stroop trials decreases with time indicating objective mental fatigue (p < 0.01). However, there was no difference in balance or concurrent task performance under both single and dual task assessments between the three conditions (p > 0.05) indicating lack of effect of mental fatigue on static balance in this population. Therefore, future studies investigating this phenomenon in occupational or sport settings in similar population should consider using more challenging balance tasks. © 2023, The Author(s).

Mental health nurses' attitudes towards mental illness and recovery-oriented practice in acute inpatient psychiatric units : a non-participant observation study

- Sreeram, Anju, Cross, Wendy, Townsin, Louise

  • Authors: Sreeram, Anju , Cross, Wendy , Townsin, Louise
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing Vol. 32, no. 4 (2023), p. 1112-1128
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  • Description: National mental health policies accentuate the importance of having positive attitudes, skills, and knowledge among mental health professionals to facilitate recovery-oriented practices in all areas of mental health care. However, evidence suggests that mental health professionals' negative attitudes towards mental illness are still evident and that recovery-oriented practice in acute inpatient units may be poorly implemented. At the same time, there is also a paucity of research to understand Mental Health Nurses' attitudes towards mental illness and recovery-oriented practice specifically. Therefore, this non-participant observation study aimed to explore Mental Health Nurses' attitudes towards mental illness and recovery-oriented practice in acute inpatient units by observing the interactions between the consumers and nurses. The Mental Illness Clinicians Attitudes Scale-v4 and The Recovery Attitudes Questionnaire inspired the development of a non-participant observation chart for this study and the observations were recorded on the chart. Six observations were conducted in three acute inpatient units. Observations focused on Mental Health Nurses' knowledge about mental illness, communication, dignity, respect, anxiety, fear, punishment, facilitation of real choices for consumers, physical care, cooperation with consumers' families and others and recovery orientation. Interpretive descriptive analysis was used to analyse the data. The results show that Mental Health Nurses generally have positive attitudes towards mental illness and recovery-oriented practice. Some deficits in the physical care of people with mental illness in the acute inpatient units were observed. Therefore, future research could address the adequate preparation of Mental Health Nurses to provide physical care to people with mental illnesses. © 2023 The Authors. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

Mental health nurses’ attitudes, empathy and caring efficacy towards consumers with co-existing mental health and drug and alcohol problems : a mixed methods study

- Palavila, Roopalal

  • Authors: Palavila, Roopalal
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Thesis , PhD
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  • Description: Background: Dual diagnosis is a significant cause of disability worldwide and accounts for 13% of the disease burden in Australia. In 2014-15, more than half of emergency hospital admissions in Australia were due to psychological and behavioural problems associated with illegal substance use. Mental health nurses play a critical role in caring for consumers with dual diagnosis. However, there is a shortage of evidence about mental health nurses’ attitudes, empathy, and caring efficacy towards these consumers. Materials and Methods: This concurrent mixed methods study examined mental health nurses’ attitudes, empathy, and caring efficacy towards consumers with dual diagnosis in Australian mental health settings. Data were collected between December 2019 and November 2020. A total of 103 mental health nurses completed the Comorbidity Problems Perceptions Questionnaire, 96 completed the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire, and 84 completed the Caring Efficacy Scale. Seventeen mental health nurses participated in semi-structured interviews. The data were analysed using regression, themes and joint displays. Results: Mental health nurses displayed a positive attitude (M = 83.97, SD = 28.49), empathy (M = 47.71, SD = 8.28) and caring efficacy (M = 145.70, SD = 19.92) towards consumers with dual diagnosis. Factors identified as contributing to a positive attitude were a high level of work experience (
  • Description: Doctor of Philosophy

Men’s shed field officer project phase 2 evaluation 2022/2023

- Porter, Joanne, Coombs, Nicole, Soldatenko, Daria, Simic, Megan, Miller, Elizabeth, My, Sambath, Bransgrove, Natalie

  • Authors: Porter, Joanne , Coombs, Nicole , Soldatenko, Daria , Simic, Megan , Miller, Elizabeth , My, Sambath , Bransgrove, Natalie
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Technical report , Report
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  • Description: In September 2021, the Latrobe Health Assembly (LHA) and Victorian Men’s Sheds Association (VSMA) launched the Men’s Shed Field Officer in Latrobe to work with local men, Men’s Sheds and other men’s groups with the aim to achieve increased health and wellbeing outcomes for local men and support the activity of the Men’s Sheds in Latrobe. The Field Officer role had previously been evaluated by the Collaborative Evaluation and Research Centre (CERC) from Federation University, with several recommendations made after analysing data collected from the Field Officer himself and the Shed members. At the end of the first year, it was recommended that the project be extended for another 12 months to allow the adaption of processes to permit further impact of the role. With identified misconceptions and challenges in identifying how the role could assist the Sheds, it was determined more time was required to learn about the Sheds and the individual needs associated with each different Shed culture. The Men’s Shed Field Officer engaged with Men’s Sheds in Toongabbie, Traralgon, Traralgon South, Boolarra, Churchill, Moe, Newborough, and Morwell and helped with the establishment of a new shed in Moe called Carpenter Bee Men’s Shed. The CERC was again commissioned to evaluate Phase 2 of the project with the aim to contribute to the knowledge regarding the best use of resources to achieve improved engagement with men across Latrobe and achieve enhanced health outcomes.

Metabolic syndrome is associated with similar long-term prognosis in those living with and without obesity : an analysis of 45 615 patients from the nationwide LIPIDOGRAM 2004-2015 studies

- Osadnik, Kamila, Osadnik, Tadeusz, Gierlotka, Marek, Windak, Adam, Tomasik, Tomasz, Mastej, Miroslaw, Kuras, Agnieszka, Jóźwiak, Kacper, Penson, Peter, Lip, Gregory, Mikhailidis, Dimitri, Toth, Peter, Catapano, Alberico, Ray, Kausik, Howard, George, Tomaszewski, Maclej, Charchar, Fadi, Sattar, Naveed, Williams, Bryan, MacDonald, Thomas, Banach, Maclej, Jóźwiak, Jacek

  • Authors: Osadnik, Kamila , Osadnik, Tadeusz , Gierlotka, Marek , Windak, Adam , Tomasik, Tomasz , Mastej, Miroslaw , Kuras, Agnieszka , Jóźwiak, Kacper , Penson, Peter , Lip, Gregory , Mikhailidis, Dimitri , Toth, Peter , Catapano, Alberico , Ray, Kausik , Howard, George , Tomaszewski, Maclej , Charchar, Fadi , Sattar, Naveed , Williams, Bryan , MacDonald, Thomas , Banach, Maclej , Jóźwiak, Jacek
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology Vol. 30, no. 12 (2023), p. 1195-1204
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  • Description: Aims: We aimed to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and long-term all-cause mortality. Methods and results: The LIPIDOGRAM studies were carried out in the primary care in Poland in 2004, 2006, and 2015. MetS was diagnosed based on the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP III), and Joint Interim Statement (JIS) criteria. The cohort was divided into four groups: non-obese patients without MetS, obese patients without MetS, non-obese patients with MetS, and obese patients with MetS. Differences in all-cause mortality were analysed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. A total of 45 615 participants were enrolled (mean age 56.3, standard deviation: 11.8 years; 61.7% female). MetS was diagnosed in 14 202 (31%) by NCEP/ATP III criteria and 17 216 (37.7%) by JIS criteria. Follow-up was available for 44 620 (97.8%, median duration 15.3 years) patients. MetS was associated with increased mortality risk among the obese {hazard ratio, HR: 1.88 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.79-1.99] and HR: 1.93 [95% CI 1.82-2.04], according to NCEP/ATP III and JIS criteria, respectively} and non-obese individuals [HR: 2.11 (95% CI 1.85-2.40) and 1.7 (95% CI 1.56-1.85) according to NCEP/ATP III and JIS criteria, respectively]. Obese patients without MetS had a higher mortality risk than non-obese patients without MetS [HR: 1.16 (95% CI 1.10-1.23) and HR: 1.22 (95% CI 1.15-1.30), respectively in subgroups with NCEP/ATP III and JIS criteria applied]. Conclusions: MetS is associated with increased all-cause mortality risk in non-obese and obese patients. In patients without MetS, obesity remains significantly associated with mortality. The concept of metabolically healthy obesity should be revised. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved.

MICFuzzy : a maximal information content based fuzzy approach for reconstructing genetic networks

- Gamage, Hasini, Chetty, Madhu, Lim, Suryani, Hallinan, Jennifer

  • Authors: Gamage, Hasini , Chetty, Madhu , Lim, Suryani , Hallinan, Jennifer
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: PLoS ONE Vol. 18, no. 7 July (2023), p.
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  • Description: In systems biology, the accurate reconstruction of Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs) is crucial since these networks can facilitate the solving of complex biological problems. Amongst the plethora of methods available for GRN reconstruction, information theory and fuzzy concepts-based methods have abiding popularity. However, most of these methods are not only complex, incurring a high computational burden, but they may also produce a high number of false positives, leading to inaccurate inferred networks. In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid fuzzy GRN inference model called MICFuzzy which involves the aggregation of the effects of Maximal Information Coefficient (MIC). This model has an information theory-based pre-processing stage, the output of which is applied as an input to the novel fuzzy model. In this preprocessing stage, the MIC component filters relevant genes for each target gene to significantly reduce the computational burden of the fuzzy model when selecting the regulatory genes from these filtered gene lists. The novel fuzzy model uses the regulatory effect of the identified activator-repressor gene pairs to determine target gene expression levels. This approach facilitates accurate network inference by generating a high number of true regulatory interactions while significantly reducing false regulatory predictions. The performance of MICFuzzy was evaluated using DREAM3 and DREAM4 challenge data, and the SOS real gene expression dataset. MICFuzzy outperformed the other state-of-the-art methods in terms of F-score, Matthews Correlation Coefficient, Structural Accuracy, and SS_mean, and outperformed most of them in terms of efficiency. MICFuzzy also had improved efficiency compared with the classical fuzzy model since the design of MICFuzzy leads to a reduction in combinatorial computation. Copyright: © 2023 Nakulugamuwa Gamage et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Missing health data pattern matching technique for continuous remote patient monitoring

- Arora, Teena, Balasubramanian, Venki, Stranieri, Andrew

Modeling cyclic crack propagation in concrete using the scaled boundary finite element method coupled with the cumulative damage-plasticity constitutive law

- Alrayes, Omar, Könke, Carsten, Ooi, Ean Tat, Hamdia, Khader

  • Authors: Alrayes, Omar , Könke, Carsten , Ooi, Ean Tat , Hamdia, Khader
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Materials Vol. 16, no. 2 (2023), p.
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  • Description: Many concrete structures, such as bridges and wind turbine towers, fail mostly due to the fatigue rapture and bending, where the cracks are initiated and propagate under cyclic loading. Modeling the fracture process zone (FPZ) is essential to understanding the cracking behavior of heterogeneous, quasi-brittle materials such as concrete under monotonic and cyclic actions. The paper aims to present a numerical modeling approach for simulating crack growth using a scaled boundary finite element model (SBFEM). The cohesive traction law is explored to model the stress field under monotonic and cyclic loading conditions. In doing so, a new constitutive law is applied within the cohesive response. The cyclic damage accumulation during loading and unloading is formulated within the thermodynamic framework of the constitutive concrete model. We consider two common problems of three-point bending of a single-edge-notched concrete beam subjected to different loading conditions to validate the developed method. The simulation results show good agreement with experimental test measurements from the literature. The presented analysis can provide a further understanding of crack growth and damage accumulation within the cohesive response, and the SBFEM makes it possible to identify the fracture behavior of cyclic crack propagation in concrete members. © 2023 by the authors.

Modeling the effects of particle shape on damping ratio of dry sand by simple shear testing and artificial intelligence

- Baghbani, Abolfazl, Costa, Susanga, Faradonbeh, Roohoollah, Soltani, Amin, Baghbani, Hasan

  • Authors: Baghbani, Abolfazl , Costa, Susanga , Faradonbeh, Roohoollah , Soltani, Amin , Baghbani, Hasan
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Applied Sciences (Switzerland) Vol. 13, no. 7 (2023), p.
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  • Description: This study investigates the effects of sand particle shape, in terms of roundness, sphericity and regularity, on the damping ratio of a dry sand material. Twelve different cyclic simple shear testing scenarios were considered and applied using vertical stresses of 50, 150 and 250 kPa and cyclic stress ratios (CSR) of 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 in both constant- and controlled-stress modes. Each testing scenario involved five tests, using the same sand that was reconstructed from its previous cyclic test. On completion of the cyclic tests, corresponding hysteresis loops were established to determine the damping ratio. The results indicated that the minimum and maximum damping ratios for this sand material were 6.9 and 25.5, respectively. It was observed that the shape of the sand particles changed during cyclic loading, becoming progressively more rounded and spherical with an increasing number of loading cycles, thereby resulting in an increase in the damping ratio. The second part of this investigation involved the development of artificial intelligence models, namely an artificial neural network (ANN) and a support vector machine (SVM), to predict the effects of sand particle shape on the damping ratio. The proposed ANN and SVM models were found to be effective in predicting the damping ratio as a function of the particle shape descriptors (i.e., roundness, sphericity and regularity), vertical stress, CSR and number of loading cycles. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify the importance of the input variables; the vertical stress and regularity were, respectively, ranked as first and second in terms of importance, while the CSR was found to be the least important parameter. © 2023 by the authors.

Mothering ideology : a qualitative exploration of mothers’ perceptions of navigating motherhood pressures and partner relationships

- Williamson, Tricia, Wagstaff, Danielle, Goodwin, Jane, Smith, Naomi

  • Authors: Williamson, Tricia , Wagstaff, Danielle , Goodwin, Jane , Smith, Naomi
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Sex Roles Vol. 88, no. 1-2 (2023), p. 101-117
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  • Description: Good mother ideology refers to beliefs that women are only ‘good’ mothers if they adhere to the tenets of dominant parenting discourse, such as intensive mothering ideology, which prioritizes children’s needs and child-raising above all else. Undergirded by this ideology, mothers’ attempts to navigate the transition to motherhood are fraught with pressures, and the transition is associated with negative health outcomes for mothers and children; yet existing research gives little attention to the quality or dynamics of the partner relationship as part of this transition. The current study examined motherhood pressure and the impact on partner relationships through individual, semi-structured interviews with 19 mothers living in Australia who were 18 years or older in a heterosexual relationship with at least one child under the age of five. Thematic analysis revealed four key themes: discourses on motherhood: criticisms of mothers and internalised guilt; transformation of identity; entrenchment of gender roles through childrearing; and positive relationship dynamics: supportive fathers and challenging gender roles. This study contributes to the larger body of literature highlighting the complexity of dominant mothering ideology and its entanglement with and impact on partner relationships. Further, this study includes mothers’ perceptions of how they navigate these pressures within the relationship with their partner and the family unit. These findings have implications for programs to support mothers and other caregivers, as well as challenge unrealistic standards for motherhood. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Moxonidine increases uptake of oxidised low-density lipoprotein in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells and inhibits atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice

- Wang, Yutang, Nguyen, Dinh, Anesi, Jack, Alramahi, Ahmed, Witting, Paul, Chai, Zhonglin, Khan, Abdul, Kelly, Jason, Denton, Kate, Golledge, Jonathan

MSCET : a multi-scenario offloading schedule for biomedical data processing and analysis in cloud-edge-terminal collaborative vehicular networks

- Ni, Zhichen, Chen, Honglong, Li, Zhe, Wang, Xiaomeng, Yan, Na, Liu, Weifeng, Xia, Feng

  • Authors: Ni, Zhichen , Chen, Honglong , Li, Zhe , Wang, Xiaomeng , Yan, Na , Liu, Weifeng , Xia, Feng
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Vol. 20, no. 4 (2023), p. 2376-2386
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  • Description: With the rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoTs), an increasing number of computation intensive or delay sensitive biomedical data processing and analysis tasks are produced in vehicles, bringing more and more challenges to the biometric monitoring of drivers. Edge computing is a new paradigm to solve these challenges by offloading tasks from the resource-limited vehicles to Edge Servers (ESs) in Road Side Units (RSUs). However, most of the traditional offloading schedules for vehicular networks concentrate on the edge, while some tasks may be too complex for ESs to process. To this end, we consider a collaborative vehicular network in which the cloud, edge and terminal can cooperate with each other to accomplish the tasks. The vehicles can offload the computation intensive tasks to the cloud to save the resource of edge. We further construct the virtual resource pool which can integrate the resource of multiple ESs since some regions may be covered by multiple RSUs. In this paper, we propose a Multi-Scenario offloading schedule for biomedical data processing and analysis in Cloud-Edge-Terminal collaborative vehicular networks called MSCET. The parameters of the proposed MSCET are optimized to maximize the system utility. We also conduct extensive simulations to evaluate the proposed MSCET and the results illustrate that MSCET outperforms other existing schedules. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

Multi-aspect annotation and analysis of Nepali tweets on anti-establishment election discourse

- Rauniyar, Kritesh, Poudel, Sweta, Shiwakoti, Shuvam, Thapa, Surendrabikram, Rashid, Junaid, Kim, Jungeun, Imran, Muhammad, Naseem, Usman

  • Authors: Rauniyar, Kritesh , Poudel, Sweta , Shiwakoti, Shuvam , Thapa, Surendrabikram , Rashid, Junaid , Kim, Jungeun , Imran, Muhammad , Naseem, Usman
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: IEEE Access Vol. 11, no. (2023), p. 143092-143115
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  • Description: In today's social media-dominated landscape, digital platforms wield substantial influence over public opinion, particularly during crucial political events such as electoral processes. These platforms become hubs for diverse discussions, encompassing topics, reforms, and desired changes. Notably, in times of government dissatisfaction, they serve as arenas for anti-establishment discourse, highlighting the need to analyze public sentiment in these conversations. However, the analysis of such discourse is notably scarce, even in high-resource languages, and entirely non-existent in the context of the Nepali language. To address this critical gap, we present Nepal Anti Establishment discourse Tweets (NAET), a novel dataset comprising 4,445 multi-aspect annotated Nepali tweets, facilitating a comprehensive understanding of political conversations. Our contributions encompass evaluating tweet relevance, sentiment, and satire, while also exploring the presence of hate speech, identifying its targets, and distinguishing directed and non-directed expressions. Additionally, we investigate hope speech, an underexplored aspect crucial in the context of anti-establishment discourse, as it reflects the aspirations and expectations from new political figures and parties. Furthermore, we set NLP-based baselines for all these tasks. To ensure a holistic analysis, we also employ topic modeling, a powerful technique that helps us identify and understand the prevalent themes and patterns emerging from the discourse. Our research thus presents a comprehensive and multi-faceted perspective on anti-establishment election discourse in a low-resource language setting. The dataset is publicly available, facilitating in-depth analysis of political tweets in Nepali discourse and further advancing NLP research for the Nepali language through labeled data and baselines for various NLP tasks. The dataset for this work is made available at https://github.com/rkritesh210/NAET. © 2013 IEEE.

Multi-dataset hyper-cnn for hyperspectral image segmentation of remote sensing images

- Liu, Li, Awwad, Emad, Ali, Yasser, Al-Razgan, Muna, Maarouf, Ali, Abualigah, Laith, Hoshyar, Azadeh

  • Authors: Liu, Li , Awwad, Emad , Ali, Yasser , Al-Razgan, Muna , Maarouf, Ali , Abualigah, Laith , Hoshyar, Azadeh
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Processes Vol. 11, no. 2 (2023), p.
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  • Description: This research paper presents novel condensed CNN architecture for the recognition of multispectral images, which has been developed to address the lack of attention paid to neural network designs for multispectral and hyperspectral photography in comparison to RGB photographs. The proposed architecture is able to recognize 10-band multispectral images and has fewer parameters than popular deep designs, such as ResNet and DenseNet, thanks to recent advancements in more efficient smaller CNNs. The proposed architecture is trained from scratch, and it outperforms a comparable network that was trained on RGB images in terms of accuracy and efficiency. The study also demonstrates the use of a Bayesian variant of CNN architecture to show that a network able to process multispectral information greatly reduces the uncertainty associated with class predictions in comparison to standard RGB images. The results of the study are demonstrated by comparing the accuracy of the network’s predictions to the images. © 2023 by the authors.

Multi-slope path loss model-based performance assessment of heterogeneous cellular network in 5G

- Dahri, Safia, Shaikh, Muhammad, Alhussein, Musaed, Soomro, Muhammad, Aurangzeb, Khursheed, Imran, Muhammad

  • Authors: Dahri, Safia , Shaikh, Muhammad , Alhussein, Musaed , Soomro, Muhammad , Aurangzeb, Khursheed , Imran, Muhammad
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: IEEE Access Vol. 11, no. (2023), p. 30473-30485
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  • Description: The coverage and capacity required for fifth generation (5G) and beyond can be achieved using heterogeneous wireless networks. This exploration set up a limited number of user equipment (UEs) while taking into account the three-dimensional (3D) distance between UEs and base stations (BSs), multi-slope line of sight (LOS) and non-line of sight (n-LOS), idle mode capability (IMC), and third generation partnership projects (3GPP) path loss (PL) models. In the current work, we examine the relationship between the height and gain of the macro (M) and pico (P) base stations (BSs) antennas and the ratio of the density of the MBSs to the PBSs, indicated by the symbol $\beta $. Recent research demonstrates that the antenna height of PBSs should be kept to a minimum to get the best performance in terms of coverage and capacity for a 5G wireless network, whereas ASE smashes as $\beta $ crosses a specific value in 5G. We aim to address these issues and increased the performance of the 5G network by installing directional antennas at MBSs and omnidirectional antennas at Pico BSs while taking into consideration traditional antenna heights. The authors of this work used the multi-tier 3GPP PL model to take into account real-world scenarios and calculated SINR using average power. This study demonstrates that, when the multi-slope 3GPP PL model is used and directional antennas are installed at MBSs, coverage can be improved 10% and area spectral efficiency (ASE) can be improved 2.5 times over the course of the previous analysis. Similarly to this, the issue of an ASE crash after a base station density of 1000 has been resolved in this study. © 2013 IEEE.

Multidisciplinary simulation training for Australian perioperative teams : a qualitative descriptive exploratory study

- Hibberson, Michelle, Lawton, Jessica, Whitehead, Dean

  • Authors: Hibberson, Michelle , Lawton, Jessica , Whitehead, Dean
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Perioperative Nursing Vol. 36, no. 4 (2023), p. e-14-e-35
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  • Description: Background: Perioperative units are complex and high-risk environments in which teams of multidisciplinary health care professionals work collaboratively. Multidisciplinary simulation training is a form of education that allows perioperative teams to practise the non-technical and technical skills essential for managing emergency events within the perioperative environment. Despite the benefits of multidisciplinary simulation training, there is a paucity of literature about it; therefore, this study examined the experiences of Australian multidisciplinary perioperative team members who had undertaken simulation training. Objectives: This study examined the experiences of Australian multidisciplinary perioperative team members who had undertaken multidisciplinary simulation training with the aim of: 1. identifying the enablers of and/or barriers to multidisciplinary simulation training 2. gaining insight into the frequency of training and types of scenarios used during simulation training 3. exploring the potential changes to teamwork and communication following multidisciplinary simulation training. Design: A qualitative descriptive exploratory design was adopted. Methods: Data were collected from nursing and anaesthetic participants through individual interviews using a semi-structured interview guide. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, and data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Four themes and nine subthemes were identified within the data. The themes were simulation is educational, safe space, frequency and teamwork. The subthemes were emergency scenarios, practise skills and knowledge, training novice and inexperienced staff, fear of simulation, facilitators, debriefing, available facilities, staff availability and multidisciplinarity. Conclusion: Australian perioperative teams widely used multidisciplinary simulation training to practise the technical skills needed to manage emergencies consistently. However, the frequency was variable and dependent on the availability of staff and facilities. A ‘safe space’ was vital, allowing perioperative team members to engage in training and discussions without judgement or embarrassment. Multidisciplinary simulation training is an effective training technique and should be routinely undertaken by Australian perioperative teams to develop consistency in managing emergency events within the perioperative setting. © 2023, Australian College of Perioperative Nurses. All rights reserved.

Navigating interoperability in disaster management : insights of current trends and challenges in Saudi Arabia

- Mani, Zakaria, Sultan, Mohammed, Plummer, Virginia, Goniewicz, Krzysztof

  • Authors: Mani, Zakaria , Sultan, Mohammed , Plummer, Virginia , Goniewicz, Krzysztof
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal of Disaster Risk Science Vol. 14, no. 6 (2023), p. 873-885
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  • Description: In this rapid review, we critically scrutinize the disaster management infrastructure in Saudi Arabia, illuminating pivotal issues of interoperability, global cooperation, established procedures, community readiness, and the integration of cutting-edge technologies. Our exploration uncovers a significant convergence with international benchmarks, while pinpointing areas primed for enhancement. We recognize that continual commitments to infrastructural progression and technology adoption are indispensable. Moreover, we underscore the value of robust community involvement and cross-border collaborations as key factors in bolstering disaster response capabilities. Importantly, we spotlight the transformative influence of emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things, in elevating the effectiveness of disaster management strategies. Our review champions in all-encompassing approach to disaster management, which entails harnessing innovative technologies, nurturing resilient communities, and promoting comprehensive disaster management strategies, encapsulating planning, preparedness, response, and recovery. As a result of our analysis, we provide actionable recommendations to advance Saudi Arabia’s disaster management framework. Our insights are timely and crucial, considering the escalating global focus on disaster response in the face of increasing disaster and humanitarian events. © 2023, The Author(s).

Navigating the neo-academy : experiences of liminality and identity construction among early career researchers at one Australian regional university

- Larsen, Ellen, Brandenburg, Robyn

  • Authors: Larsen, Ellen , Brandenburg, Robyn
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Australian Educational Researcher Vol. 50, no. 4 (2023), p. 1069-1087
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  • Description: Across the world, many university-based early career researchers (ECRs) are experiencing an unprecedented intensification of research expectations on transition from doctoral research to academic life. Countries such as Australia have put into place national frameworks of research excellence to remain globally competitive. Pressure on universities to elevate global research rankings has soared, with many regional universities and disciplines such as education responding with a rapid escalation of research performance expectations for academics. Consequently, concerns have been raised for ECRs embroiled in intensified research agendas in these contexts. Framed by concepts of liminality and identity construction, we argue that intensified expectations do not take account of liminality experienced by ECRs during times of transition, compromising perceived academic progress. We report on the identity journeys of ECRs in a School of Education at one regional Australian university. Data was collected from nine ECRs using online focus groups and analysed using a hybrid thematic approach. Key findings indicate that ECRs transition into the Academy post-doctorate with varying experiences of identity liminality that impact their capacity to manage research expectations. ECRs experiencing shorter periods of liminality are best positioned to manage the intensified expectations of academic life while ECRs experiencing persistent liminality and identity ‘struggle’ are more likely to perceive a diminished sense of achievement and support. These findings have significant implications for university leadership and research supervisors, in Australia and globally, regarding the ways they support ECRs to productively navigate the hyper-invigilated audit cultures of what we have termed the neo-academy. © 2022, The Author(s).