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Implicit concept mapping : A computerized tool for knowledge assessment in undergraduate psychology

- Aidman, Eugene, Ward, Janine

  • Authors: Aidman, Eugene , Ward, Janine
  • Date: 2002
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: MPR-online Vol. 7, no. 3 (2002), p. 31-48
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  • Description: The study continued validating the computerised method of implicit concept mapping (Aidman & Egan, 1998), while extending it from assessing the map's structural properties to content-based expert evaluation. The on-line concept mapping task (Aidman & Egan, 1998) was modified to elicit similarity / contrast judgements for a set of basic personality concepts, in a group of 65 introductory psychology students. The resulting individual concept proximity matrices were scored for complexity and internal consistency, as well as individually factor- and cluster analysed. Hierarchical cluster tree and un-rotated factorial representations were generated for each individual map. Students were asked to interpret their own cluster trees and factor plots by naming the clusters and factor axes (a brief statement accompanying the name was allowed). Three independent experts (lecturers in the subject) rated the clarity and accuracy of these interpretations, as well as the soundness of cluster trees and the factorial representations themselves. These data were compared with the overall grade the students had obtained in the Introductory Psychology course immediately prior to participating in the study. Internal consistency and complexity of students' implicit concept maps produced only crude associations with their course achievement. The expert ratings of cluster- and factorial representations of the maps, especially expert ratings of students' own interpretations of their maps, showed a more refined association with course achievement, thus confirming that structural assessment of the implicit maps needs to be complemented by their content-based evaluation in order to achieve a more accurate estimate of the learner's level of expertise in the subject.

Inspiration and astonishment : Peake's influence on Perdido Street Station

- Mills, Alice

Introduction to special issue on nineteenth-century Australian poetry

- Tasker, Meg

Is muscle power related to running speed with changes of direction?

- Young, Warren, James, R., Montgomery, Iain

  • Authors: Young, Warren , James, R. , Montgomery, Iain
  • Date: 2002
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness Vol. 42, no. 3 (Sep 2002), p. 282-288
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  • Description: Background. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships between leg muscle power and sprinting speed with changes of direction. Methods. Experimental design: the study was designed to describe relationships between physical qualities and a component of sports performance: Setting: testing was conducted in an indoor sports hall and a biomechanics laboratory. Participants: 15 male participants were required to be free of injury and have recent experience competing in sports involving sprints with changes of direction. Measures: subjects were timed in 8 m sprints in a straight line and with various changes of direction. They were also tested for bilateral and unilateral leg extensor muscle concentric power output by an isokinetic squat and reactive strength by a drop jump. Results. The correlations between concentric power and straight sprinting speed were non-significant whereas the relationships between reactive strength and straight speed were statistically significant. Correlations between muscle power and speed while changing direction were generally low and non-significant for concentric leg power with some moderate and significant (p<0.05) coefficients found for reactive strength. The participants who turned faster to one side tended to have a reactive strength dominance in the leg responsible for the push-off action. Conclusions. The relationships between leg muscle power and change-of-direction speed were not consistent. Reactive strength as measured by the drop jump appears to have some importance for lateral change-of-direction speed, possibly because of similar push-off actions. It was concluded that reactive strength of the leg extensor muscles has some importance in change-of-direction performance but the other technical and perceptual factors than influence agility performance should also be considered.
  • Description: 2003000213

Jewgreek justice and the ethical possibilities of the “Post”

- Mummery, Jane

  • Authors: Mummery, Jane
  • Date: 2002
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Contretemps: an online journal of philosophy Vol. 3, no. (2002), p. 122-132
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  • Description: With the focus of much of contemporary continental philosophy being the escaping of the conditions and constrictions of an ontotheologic metaphysics (to use an expression favoured by Martin Heidegger), its resultant instantiations have tended to comprise the common project of producing some sort of thinking of a ‘post-’. It is with the possibilities of this ‘post-’—possibilities which I suggest are delineated as ethical (at least by virtue of their shared instigation)—that this paper is concerned. So we have, for instance, picking a few of the instantiations associated with such possibilities, Jean-François Lyotard’s proposed replacement of metaphysical delimitation and homogeneity through the theorizing of the excess and incommensurability of that heterogeneity opened by his thinking of agonistics, the differend and justice. Secondly, we have the Deleuzean projection of a thinking which functions otherwise than—therefore escaping from—the delimitative processes and systems seen as making up the metaphysical thinking of the State.

Managing confidentiality in rural welfare practice in Australia

- Green, Rosemary, Mason, Robyn

Metal concentrations in rice and pulses of Samta Village, Bangladesh

- Alam, M. G. M., Allinson, Graeme, Stagnitti, Frank, Tanaka, A., Westbrooke, Martin

Mimics : A symbolic conflict/cooperation simulation program, with embedded protocol recording and automatic psychometric assessment

- Aidman, Eugene, Shmelyov, Alexander

  • Authors: Aidman, Eugene , Shmelyov, Alexander
  • Date: 2002
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers Vol. 34, no. 1 (2002), p. 83-89
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  • Description: This paper describes an interactive software environment designed as a social interaction simulator with embedded comprehensive recording and flexible assessment facilities. Using schematized visual sketches similar to cross-cultural facial universals (Ekman, 1999), Mimics (Shmelyov & Aidman, 1997) employs a computer-game-like scenario that requires the subject to identify with an avatar and navigate it through a playing field inhabited by hosts who display a range of facial expressions. From these expressions (which are highly consequential), the player has to anticipate the hosts' reactions to the avatar (which may vary from friendly to obstructing or aggressive) and choose between negotiating with a host (by altering the avatar's facial expression), attacking it, or searching for an escape route. Comprehensive recording of player moves and interactions has enabled computation of several fine-grained indices of interactive behavior, such as aggressive response styles, efficiency and motivation in conflict/cooperation contexts. Initial validation data and potential applications of the method in the assessment of personality and social behavior are discussed.

Morphological and physiological adaptations to waterlogging by Eucalyptus seedlings from the semi-arid Pilbara, Western Australia

- Florentine, Singarayer, Fox, John

  • Authors: Florentine, Singarayer , Fox, John
  • Date: 2002
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: The Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia Vol. 85, no. (2002), p. 61-70
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  • Description: This study was undertaken to investigate the adaptation to long term waterlogging of semi-arid eucalyptus species. Long-term waterlogging of Eucalyptus victrix seedlings significantly increases seedling stem diameter. Flooding reduces photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance. Flooding does not increase shoot fresh or dry weight of 4-, 8- or 17- week old seedlings. Leaf emergence may be stimulated for flooded seedlings compared with unflooded seedlings. Root dry weight is not significantly greater for 17- week old flooded plants than 13- week old seedlings. We suggest that maintenance of a high root/shoot ratio is a drought adaptation. Furthermore, a comparative study of flood tolerance in semi-arid eucalypt species suggests that those species intolerant of flooding seldom express morphological adaptations and fail to recover from physiological damage. Flooding significantly reduced the transpiration rate and stomatal conduct of all three species. Diurnal transpiration, stomatal conductance and leaf water potential of E. terminalis and E. leucophloia were significantly different between treatment (flooding) and control seedlings.
  • Description: C1
  • Description: 2003000132

Networking tourism SMEs : E-commerce and e-marketing issues in regional Australia

- Braun, Patrice

  • Authors: Braun, Patrice
  • Date: 2002
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Information Technology and Tourism Vol. 5, no. 1 (2002), p. 13-23
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  • Description: Networks, knowledge, and relationships have become crucial assets to business survival in the new economy. Research indicates that network building is a major new source of competitive advantage and an essential regional and indeed global management requirement. Because regional policies encourage interfirm alliances and the development of regional economic communities, the fostering of a culture of connectivity, networking, learning, and trust between regional Australian small and medium- size tourism enterprises (SMTEs) may offer a potential solution to the possible loss of competitive advantage for Australian tourism enterprises. It is suggested that SMTEs would benefit from increased information flow through regional networking and cooperative e-marketing campaigns to enhance market visibility, global positioning, and strategic leverage in the new economy.
  • Description: C1
  • Description: 2003000256

Neuroticism and extraversion as predictors of negative and positive emotional information processing : Comparing Eysenck's, Gray's, and Newman's theories

- Gomez, Rapson, Gomez, Andre, Cooper, Andrew

  • Authors: Gomez, Rapson , Gomez, Andre , Cooper, Andrew
  • Date: 2002
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: European Journal of Personality Vol. 16, no. 5 (2002), p. 333-350
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  • Description: This study compared how extraversion, neuroticism, and extraversion × neuroticism are related to processing of pleasant and unpleasant emotional information as predicted by Eysenck's, Gray's, and Newman's theories. Initially, the participants' levels of extraversion (as measured by the sociability subscale) and neuroticism were assessed with Eysenck's Personality Inventory. They were then tested individually. After completing a questionnaire of current positive and negative moods, they completed three tasks measuring processing of pleasant, unpleasant, and also neutral information. The results showed that extraversion was associated positively with the processing of pleasant information, while neuroticism was associated positively with the processing of unpleasant information. These findings support predictions from Eysenck's theory. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
  • Description: 2003000179

Nineteenth-century Australian poetry

- Tasker, Meg

Opalescence in Australian-grown pecan kernels : Occurrence and causes

- Wakeling, Lara, Mason, Richard, D'Arcy, Bruce, Caffin, Nola

  • Authors: Wakeling, Lara , Mason, Richard , D'Arcy, Bruce , Caffin, Nola
  • Date: 2002
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Food Science Vol. 67, no. 8 (2002), p. 2873-2880
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  • Description: Opalescence is an unattractive browning of the interior of the pecan kernel compared to the white interior of normal kernels. The discoloration is due to the presence of free oil, resulting from decompartmentalization in the endosperm of opalescent pecans. Using a subjective scoring system, approximately 70% of Australian-grown pecan kernels tested were found to exhibit opalescence to some degree. Evaluation of kernels for opalescence during the harvesting-processing chain showed that opalescence first becomes evident in kernels after mechanical cracking. Opalescent kernels were found to have lower levels of calcium and higher amounts of oil compared to nonopalescent kernels. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that kernels do not freeze at -18°C.
  • Description: 2003000167

Opinions about advertising in Australia : A study of complainants

- Volkov, Michael, Harker, Debra, Harker, Michael

  • Authors: Volkov, Michael , Harker, Debra , Harker, Michael
  • Date: 2002
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Marketing Communications Vol. 8, no. 4 (2002), p. 229-242
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  • Description: Advertising expenditure has risen globally and in Australia there has been a 2.7-fold rise in the last 10 years. It is suggested that some advertisements may be 'unacceptable', that is unfair, misleading, deceptive, offensive, false or socially irresponsible. Industry and regulatory responses to consumer complaints about these problems must be addressed. This research is concerned with consumer behaviour and consumer complaint behaviour specifically in the area of advertising in Australia. The general findings from the reviewed literature indicated that complainants tend to be older, have attained higher levels of educational qualifications, earn a higher gross weekly income, possess greater degrees of wealth, have higher participant levels of local community involvement and, in general terms, have more resources to avail themselves of in order to allow them to take action when dissatisfied. The results from this research engender a better understanding of the complaining public. Empirical analyses were used for determining the characteristics of people who complain to the Advertising Standards Board and inferred that their opinions regarding advertising differ from members of the general population in four key areas. This research will afford regulatory bodies a better understanding of the complaining public as well as educating marketing communications strategists in effectively reaching their target markets. © 2002 Taylor & Francis Ltd.

Penalty functions with a small penalty parameter

- Rubinov, Alex, Yang, Xiao, Bagirov, Adil

  • Authors: Rubinov, Alex , Yang, Xiao , Bagirov, Adil
  • Date: 2002
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Optimization Methods and Software Vol. 17, no. 5 (2002), p. 931-964
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  • Description: In this article, we study the nonlinear penalization of a constrained optimization problem and show that the least exact penalty parameter of an equivalent parametric optimization problem can be diminished. We apply the theory of increasing positively homogeneous (IPH) functions so as to derive a simple formula for computing the least exact penalty parameter for the classical penalty function through perturbation function. We establish that various equivalent parametric reformulations of constrained optimization problems lead to reduction of exact penalty parameters. To construct a Lipschitz penalty function with a small exact penalty parameter for a Lipschitz programming problem, we make a transformation to the objective function by virtue of an increasing concave function. We present results of numerical experiments, which demonstrate that the Lipschitz penalty function with a small penalty parameter is more suitable for solving some nonconvex constrained problems than the classical penalty function.
  • Description: 2003000116

Personality & spirituality : Christian prayer & Eastern meditation are not the same

- Fisher, John, Francis, Leslie, Kaldor, Peter

  • Authors: Fisher, John , Francis, Leslie , Kaldor, Peter
  • Date: 2002
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Pastoral Psychology Vol. 50, no. 3 (2002), p. 165-172
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  • Description: A random sample of 1,033 adults in an Australian community survey completed a form containing the abbreviated Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire together with questions about the practice of prayer and Eastern meditation. While prayer was associated with low psychoticism scores, Eastern meditation was associated with high psychoticism scores.
  • Description: C1
  • Description: 2003000203

Personality traits of the behavioural approach and inhibition systems : Associations with processing of emotional stimuli

- Gomez, Andre, Gomez, Rapson

  • Authors: Gomez, Andre , Gomez, Rapson
  • Date: 2002
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Personality and Individual Differences Vol. 32, no. 8 (2002), p. 1299-1316
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  • Description: This study examined the relationships of the traits associated with Gray's behavioral approach system (BAS) and behavioural inhibition system (BIS) with cognitive processing of emotional information. Initially, participants completed questionnaires covering trait impulsivity and anxiety, and BAS and BIS sensitivities. They were then tested individually. After completing a questionnaire of current positive and negative moods, they completed three tasks measuring processing of pleasant, unpleasant and neutral information. Consistent with Gray's theory, the results showed that impulsivity and BAS sensitivity were associated with the processing of pleasant information, while anxiety and BIS sensitivity were associated with the processing of unpleasant information. These findings imply that Gray's BAS-BIS theory can be extended to cognitive processing of emotional information. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • Description: 2003000180

Phenological studies in Australia: Potential application in historical and future climate analysis

- Keatley, Marie, Fletcher, Tim, Hudson, Irene, Ades, Peter

  • Authors: Keatley, Marie , Fletcher, Tim , Hudson, Irene , Ades, Peter
  • Date: 2002
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal of Climatology Vol. 22, no. 14 (Nov 2002), p. 1769-1780
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  • Description: Phenological observations of eucalypts (Myrtaceae) were undertaken in four Australian states (New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, and Western Australia) from the late 1920s until the early 1980s, by the respective State Forest Commissions. Unfortunately, few records have survived. For Victoria, surviving records encompass 42 forest districts, covering from less than 2 years to 42 years, and approximately 50 species. This paper concentrates on the flowering of four competing species (Eucalyptus leucoxylon, E. microcarpa, E. polyanthemos, and E. tricarpa) over 23 years (1940-62) from Maryborough, Victoria, recorded on a monthly basis by one observer over the period. This study represents one of the first attempts to utilize Australian phenological data to detect responses to climate change. There were no significant trends (P = 0.05) over time in the mean flowering commencement date. Forward stepwise regression found a significant relationship between temperature and flowering commencement in two species (E. leucoxylon: R-2 = 0.42, P < 0.01; E. polyanthemos: R-2 = 0.47, P = 0.02). Rainfall also had a significant influence on flowering commencement in E. tricarpa (R-2 = 0.60, P < 0.01), E. leucoxylon (R-2 = 0.43, P = 0.02) and E. polyanthemos (R-2 = 0.24, P < 0.01). The combination of temperature and rainfall (with temperature exerting the greatest influence), however, was significant for all species and had the most explanatory power (ranging from R-2 = 0.74 to 0.85, P < 0.01). Overall, in response to predicted increases in temperature and summer rainfall, E. leucoxylon and E. tricarpa would commence flowering later. In E. polyanthemos and E. microcarpa, increased temperature and rainfall will result in an earlier onset of flowering. Copyright (C) 2002 Royal Meteorological Society.
  • Description: 2003000171

Population estimation models based on individual TM pixels

- Harvey, Jack

  • Authors: Harvey, Jack
  • Date: 2002
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing Vol. 68, no. 11 (2002), p. 1181-1192
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  • Description: There is a fundamental spatial mismatch in the data available for modeling human population from satellite imagery. Spectral reflectances are available for each pixel of an image, but ground reference population data are available only for larger zones. The general response has been to build models for the average population density of the zones, utilizing spatially aggregated spectral data. This approach has limitations, both for the modeling process and for the utilization of the resulting spatially aggregated population estimates. A pixel-based alternative is described. Pixels of a Landsat TM image were classified as residential or non-residential using standard techniques. Initial reference populations were assigned by uniformly distributing the population of each zone across its residential pixels. An expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm was used to iteratively regress pixel population on spectral indicators and re-estimate pixel populations. Predictive validity was tested by applying the fitted regression equation to a second image. The pixel-based model produced population estimates of comparable accuracy to those resulting from a much more complex zone-based modeling procedure. The pixel-based procedure was also more robust and more amenable to refinement, particularly at the extremes of population density. The relative error in the estimated total urban population of both primary and secondary study areas was less than 1 percent. Median relative error in the population of individual zones was 16 percent in the primary study area (14 percent for urban zones) and 21 percent in the secondary study area (17 percent for urban zones).
  • Description: 2003000103

Postnatal unhappiness : Who should direct support?

- Peart, Kerry

  • Authors: Peart, Kerry
  • Date: 2002
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Australian journal of midwifery : professional journal of the Australian College of Midwives Incorporated Vol. 15, no. 4 (2002), p. 18-20
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  • Description: Depression following childbirth is a common, distressing but frequently underreported disorder. It involves a spectrum of symptoms, some of which may be self-limiting, while others can have major mental health implications in the post partum period. A range of health professionals, including midwives and mental health nurses, come into contact with women who suffer from postnatal depression; however, there is often little attempt made to integrate maternity and mental health care approaches. More collaborative frameworks of care are vital if health professionals are to adequately meet the needs of 'unhappy' women in the postnatal period.
  • Description: 2003000060