The y chromosome : A blueprint for men's health?
- Authors: Maan, Akhlaq , Eales, James , Akbarov, Artur , Rowland, Joshua , Xu, Xiaoguang , Jobling, Mark , Charchar, Fadi , Tomaszewski, Maciej
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: European Journal of Human Genetics Vol. 25, no. 11 (2017), p. 1181-1188
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- Description: The Y chromosome has long been considered a genetic wasteland' on a trajectory to completely disappear from the human genome. The perception of its physiological function was restricted to sex determination and spermatogenesis. These views have been challenged in recent times with the identification of multiple ubiquitously expressed Y-chromosome genes and the discovery of several unexpected associations between the Y chromosome, immune system and complex polygenic traits. The collected evidence suggests that the Y chromosome influences immune and inflammatory responses in men, translating into genetically programmed susceptibility to diseases with a strong immune component. Phylogenetic studies reveal that carriers of a common European lineage of the Y chromosome (haplogroup I) possess increased risk of coronary artery disease. This occurs amidst upregulation of inflammation and suppression of adaptive immunity in this Y lineage, as well as inferior outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus infection. From structural analysis and experimental data, the UTY (Ubiquitously Transcribed Tetratricopeptide Repeat Containing, Y-Linked) gene is emerging as a promising candidate underlying the associations between Y-chromosome variants and the immunity-driven susceptibility to complex disease. This review synthesises the recent structural, experimental and clinical insights into the human Y chromosome in the context of men's susceptibility to disease (with a particular emphasis on cardiovascular disease) and provides an overview of the paradigm shift in the perception of the Y chromosome. © 2017 The Author(s).
Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) for the assessment of non-technical skills during resuscitation : Validation of the french version
- Authors: Maignan, Maxime , Koch, Francois-Xavier , Chaix, Jordane , Phellouzat, Pierre , Binauld, Gery , Collomb Muret, Roselyne , Cooper, Simon J. , Labarère, José , Danel, Vincent , Viglino, Damien , Debaty, Guillaume
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Resuscitation Vol. 101, no. (2016), p. 115-120
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- Description: Aim: Evaluation of team performances during medical simulation must rely on validated and reproducible tools. Our aim was to build and validate a French version of the Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) score, which was developed for the assessment of team performance and non-technical skills during resuscitation. Methods: A forward and backward translation of the initial TEAM score was made, with the agreement and the final validation by the original author. Ten medical teams were recruited and performed a standardized cardiac arrest simulation scenario. Teams were videotaped and nine raters evaluate non-technical skills for each team thanks to the French TEAM Score. Psychometric properties of the score were then evaluated. Results: French TEAM score showed an excellent reliability with a Cronbach coefficient of 0.95. Mean correlation coefficient between each item and the global score range was 0.78. The inter-rater reliability measured by intraclass correlation coefficient of the global score was 0.93. Finally, expert teams had higher French TEAM score than intermediate and novice teams. Conclusion: The French TEAM score shows good psychometric properties to evaluate team performance during cardiac arrest simulation. Its utilization could help in the assessment of non-technical skills during simulation. © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
Patellar tendinopathy : Clinical diagnosis, load management, and advice for challenging case presentations
- Authors: Malliaras, Peter , Cook, Jill , Purdam, Craig , Rio, Ebonie
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy Vol. 45, no. 11 (2015), p. 887-898
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- Description: The hallmark features of patellar tendinopathy are (1) pain localized to the inferior pole of the patella and (2) load-related pain that increases with the demand on the knee extensors, notably in activities that store and release energy in the patellar tendon. While imaging may assist in differential diagnosis, the diagnosis of patellar tendinopathy remains clinical, as asymptomatic tendon pathology may exist in people who have pain from other anterior knee sources. A thorough examination is required to diagnose patellar tendinopathy and contributing factors. Management of patellar tendinopathy should focus on progressively developing load tolerance of the tendon, the musculoskeletal unit, and the kinetic chain, as well as addressing key biomechanical and other risk factors. Rehabilitation can be slow and sometimes frustrating. This review aims to assist clinicians with key concepts related to examination, diagnosis, and management of patellar tendinopathy. Difficult clinical presentations (eg, highly irritable tendon, systemic comorbidities) as well as common pitfalls, such as unrealistic rehabilitation time frames and overreliance on passive treatments, are also discussed.
Novel insights into essential hypertension etiology revealed by genome-wide gene expression profiling of human kidneys: evidence for renin involvement via a microRNA-mediated effect on expression
- Authors: Marques, Francine , Campain, Anna , Tomaszewski, Maciej , Zukowska-Szczechowska, Ewa , Yang, Yee , Charchar, Fadi , Morris, Brian
- Date: 2012
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Human Hypertension Vol. 26, no. 10 (October 2012 2012), p. 627-627
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Genetic mechanisms of vascular and renal damage
- Authors: Marques, Francine , Tomaszewski, Maciej , Charchar, Fadi
- Date: 2013
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Hypertension Vol. 31, no. 11 (2013), p. 2128-2129
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- Description: Document type (note)
- Description: C4
The molecular basis of longevity, and clinical implications
- Authors: Marques, Francine , Markus, M. Andrea , Morris, Brian
- Date: 2010
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Maturitas Vol. 65, no. 2 (February 2010 2010), p. 87-91
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- Description: The determinants of length of life are multifactorial and involve complex processes, most of which are not as yet understood completely. Tremendous advances have, however, been made in recent times in understanding some of the key molecular mechanisms that influence ageing and lifespan. Herein we highlight many of the more important findings and their potential clinical implications. Most of the intracellular factors involved in the ageing process, such as members of the sirtuin family, as well as insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I and their genes, are part of interconnected pathways. The manipulation of these and other genes in animal models can increase or decrease lifespan. Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, some of which involve microRNAs, as well as modifications to chromatin and histones, can influence longevity. A decline in the function of stem cells might also be responsible for some aspects of mammalian ageing. Calorie restriction, polyphenols such as resveratrol, rapamycin, spermidine and angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor, are able to increase lifespan by modulation of branches of the longevity pathways. Molecular genetic studies of long-lived subjects have identified several potential candidate genes, but genetic research on ageing is in its infancy. Large genome-wide association studies should provide insights. Although new biomarkers for ageing and health, such as ones that might reveal telomere dysfunction, have been described, advances in the genetics and molecular biology of longevity will require interdisciplinary approaches if the much-hoped for success in alleviating the diseases of ageing, and an extension of both lifespan and healthspan is to be achieved.
- Description: C1
Molecular characterization of renin-angiotensin system components in human intrauterine tissues and fetal membranes from vaginal delivery and cesarean section
- Authors: Marques, Francine , Pringle, Kirsty , Conquest, A. , Hirst, Jonathan , Markus, M. Andrea , Sarris, Maria , Zakar, Tamas , Morris, Brian , Lumbers, Eugenie
- Date: 2011
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Placenta Vol. 32, no. 3 (March 2011), p. 214-221
- Full Text: false
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- Description: A prorenin-angiotensin system (RAS) could, via the (pro)renin receptor (ATP6AP2), have various effects in human intrauterine tissues, either directly by prorenin/ATP6AP2 cell signaling, or indirectly via angiotensin II and/or angiotensin 1-7. Here we describe RAS components in fetal membranes, decidua and placenta collected at elective cesarean section (non-laboring), after spontaneous delivery (after labor, n = 38), and in myometria (n = 16) from elective (non-laboring) or emergency cesarean (laboring) deliveries. Angiotensinogen (AGT), angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 and 2 (ACE; ACE2), angiotensin receptor 1 and 2 (AGTR1; AGTR2) and angiotensin 1-7 receptor (MAS1) mRNAs were measured by qRT-PCR and proteins were localized by immunohistochemistry. In myometrium, prorenin (REN), ATP6AP2, and downstream signaling proteins zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 16 (ZBTB16), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) mRNAs were also measured. RAS mRNAs, except AGTR1 and AGTR2, were abundant in decidua and lowest in amnion compared to the other tissues. ACE, AGT and PTGS2 mRNAs were higher in laboring than non-laboring myometrium, suggesting that the myometrial RAS is involved in labor. Angiotensinogen and prorenin staining in amnion, chorion and decidua was pervasive despite their mRNAs being low in amnion and chorion. In placenta, prorenin, angiotensinogen and AGTR2 were present in syncytiotrophoblasts, ACE was in fetal endothelium, while ACE2 distribution was diffuse. AGTR1 and AGTR2 mRNAs and proteins were abundant. No differences were evident in the staining patterns with labor. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that fetal vascular ACE might contribute angiotensin II to the fetus, whilst syncytial ACE2 might hypothetically have a role in converting angiotensin II to angiotensin 1-7 in maternal blood.
- Description: C1
Meta-analysis of genome-wide gene expression differences in onset and maintenance phases of genetic hypertension
- Authors: Marques, Francine , Campain, Anna , Yang, Yee , Morris, Brian
- Date: 2010
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Hypertension Vol. 56, no. 2 (August 2010), p. 319-324
- Full Text: false
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- Description: Gene expression differences accompany both the onset and established phases of hypertension. By an integrated genome-transcriptome approach we performed a meta-analysis of data from 74 microarray experiments available on public databases to identify genes with altered expression in the kidney, adrenal, heart, and artery of spontaneously hypertensive and Lyon hypertensive rats. To identify genes responsible for the onset of hypertension we used a statistical approach that sought to eliminate expression differences that occur during maturation unrelated to hypertension. Based on this adjusted fold-difference statistic, we found 36 genes for which the expression differed between the prehypertensive phase and established hypertension. Genes having possible relevance to hypertension onset included Actn2, Ankrd1, ApoE, Cd36, Csrp3, Me1, Myl3, Nppa, Nppb, Pln, Postn, Spp1, Slc21a4, Slc22a2, Thbs4, and Tnni3. In established hypertension 102 genes exhibited altered expression after Bonferroni correction (P<0.05). These included Atp5o, Ech1, Fabp3, Gnb3, Ldhb, Myh6, Lpl, Pkkaca, Vegfb, Vcam1, and reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenases. Among the genes identified, there was an overrepresentation of gene ontology terms involved in energy production, fatty acid and lipid metabolism, oxidation, and transport. These could contribute to increases in reactive oxygen species. Our meta-analysis has revealed many new genes for which the expression is altered in hypertension, so pointing to novel potential causative, maintenance, and responsive mechanisms and pathways.
- Description: C1
Up-regulation of autophagic pathways early in life might contribute to cardiac hypertrophy in a heritable polygenic model
- Authors: Marques, Francine , Quarrell, Sean , Jayaswal, Vivek , Curl, Claire , Nankervis, Scott , Yang, Jean , Delbridge, Lea , Harrap, Stephen , Charchar, Fadi
- Date: 2012
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Human Hypertension Vol. 26, no. 10 (October 2012 2012), p. 636-637
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The emerging role of non-coding RNA in essential hypertension and blood pressure regulation
- Authors: Marques, Francine , Booth, Scott , Charchar, Fadi
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Human Hypertension Vol. 29, no. 8 (2015), p. 459-467
- Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1009490
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- Description: Unravelling the complete genetic predisposition to high blood pressure (BP) has proven to be challenging. This puzzle and the fact that coding regions of the genome account for less than 2% of the entire human DNA support the hypothesis that genetic mechanism besides coding genes are likely to contribute to BP regulation. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are emerging as key players of transcription regulation in both health and disease states. They control basic functions in virtually all cell types relevant to the cardiovascular system and, thus, a direct involvement with BP regulation is highly probable. Here, we review the literature about ncRNAs associated with human BP and essential hypertension, highlighting investigations, methodology and difficulties arising in the field. The most investigated ncRNAs so far are microRNAs (miRNAs), small ncRNAs that modulate gene expression by posttranscriptional mechanisms. We discuss studies that have examined miRNAs associated with BP in biological fluids, such as blood and urine, and tissues, such as vascular smooth muscle cells and the kidney. Furthermore, we review the interaction between miRNA binding sites and single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes associated with BP. In conclusion, there is a clear need for more human and functional studies to help elucidate the multifaceted roles of ncRNAs, in particular mid- and long ncRNAs in BP regulation. © 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved.
Plasma proteomics of renal function: A transethnic meta-analysis and mendelian randomization study
- Authors: Matías-García, Pamela , Wilson, Rory , Guo, Qi , Zaghlool, Shaza , Charchar, Fadi
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology Vol. 32, no. 7 (2021), p. 1747-1763
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- Description: Background Studies on the relationship between renal function and the human plasma proteome have identified several potential biomarkers. However, investigations have been conducted largely in European populations, and causality of the associations between plasma proteins and kidney function has never been addressed. Methods A cross-sectional study of 993 plasma proteins among 2882 participants in four studies of European and admixed ancestries (KORA, INTERVAL, HUNT, QMDiab) identified transethnic associations between eGFR/CKD and proteomic biomarkers. For the replicated associations, two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to investigate potential causal relationships. Publicly available datasets and transcriptomic data from independent studies were used to examine the association between gene expression in kidney tissue and eGFR. Results In total, 57 plasma proteins were associated with eGFR, including one novel protein. Of these, 23 were additionally associated with CKD. The strongest inferred causal effect was the positive effect of eGFR on testican-2, in line with the known biological role of this protein and the expression of its protein-coding gene (SPOCK2) in renal tissue. We also observed suggestive evidence of an effect of melanoma inhibitory activity (MIA), carbonic anhydrase III, and cystatin-M on eGFR. Conclusions In a discovery-replication setting, we identified 57 proteins transethnically associated with eGFR. The revealed causal relationships are an important stepping stone in establishing testican-2 as a clinically relevant physiological marker of kidney disease progression, and point to additional proteins warranting further investigation. © 2021 by the American Society of Nephrology
Rural-urban differences in reasons for living
- Authors: McLaren, Suzanne , Hopes, Lisa
- Date: 2002
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry Vol. 36, no. 5 (2002), p. 688-692
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- Description: Objective: The suicide rate in Australia is cause for concern, especially the increase in attempted and completed suicides in rural and regional locations. The present study examined reasons for choosing not to commit suicide as a function of residential location. Method: The study involved 655 Victorian residents from four population-based strata; urban, regional city, regional town, and rural. Results: Results from the Reasons for Living Inventory revealed significant differences as a function of residential location. Overall, residents in rural locations reported having significantly more to live for than their urban counterparts. Further analysis of six reasons for living (child, family, moral, social, coping and death-related concerns) showed a pattern whereby residents in rural locations reported having the most to live for, followed by regional residents, and urban residents who reported having the least to live for. Conclusions: These findings are in contrast to increase of suicide rates in rural areas, and highlight the need for a greater understanding of the mechanisms underlying suicidal behaviour.
- Description: 2003000088
Stuttering, disability and the higher education sector in Australia
- Authors: Meredith, Grant , Packman, Ann , Marks, Genee
- Date: 2012
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology Vol. 14, no. 4 (2012), p. 370-376
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- Description: The aim of this study was to ascertain the extent to which Australian public universities and their associated disability liaison services offer web-based information for current or prospective students who stutter. The disability pages of the websites of all 39 public universities in Australia were visited and the information about disability services assessed according to 12 criteria developed by the authors. Results indicate that there is a dearth of information on Australian university websites available for students or prospective students who stutter. Only 13% of the sites reported any form of alternative teaching and assessment procedures for speech-impaired students and only 51% of 39 disability liaison officers responded when contacted by email. Such a student could not make an informed choice to enrol in a university based upon the information on disability services available on public Australian university websites. © 2012 The Speech Pathology Association of Australia Limited.
Comparative effectiveness of three exercise types to treat clinical depression in older adults : a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
- Authors: Miller, Kyle , Gonçalves-Bradley, Daniela , Areerob, Pinyadapat , Hennessy, Declan , Mesagno, Christopher , Grace, Fergal
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Ageing Research Reviews Vol. 58 (2020).
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- Description: Background: Few studies have directly compared the effects of different exercise therapies on clinical depression in older adults. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis of current evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to compare the effectiveness of three major exercise types (aerobic, resistance, and mind-body exercise) in clinically depressed older adults. Methods: We followed PRISMA-NMA guidelines and searched databases for eligible RCTs (inception – September 12th, 2019). RCTs were eligible if they included clinically depressed adults aged >65 years, implemented one or more exercise therapy arms using aerobic, resistance, or mind-body exercise, and assessed depressive symptoms at baseline and follow-up using a validated clinical questionnaire. Results: A network meta-analysis was performed on 15 eligible RCTs comprising 596 participants (321 treatment and 275 controls), including aerobic (n = 6), resistance (n = 5), and mind-body (n = 4) exercise trials. Compared with controls, mind-body exercise showed the largest improvement on depressive symptoms (g = −0.87 to −1.38), followed by aerobic exercise (g = −0.51 to −1.02), and resistance exercise (g = −0.41 to −0.92). Notably, there were no statistically significant differences between exercise types: aerobic versus resistance (g = −0.10, PrI = −2.23, 2.03), mind-body versus aerobic (g = −0.36, PrI = −2.69, 1.97), or mind-body versus resistance (g = −0.46, PrI = −2.75, 1.83). Conclusions: These findings should guide optimal exercise prescription for allied health professionals and stakeholders in clinical geriatrics. Notably, clinically depressed older adults may be encouraged to self-select their preferred exercise type in order to achieve therapeutic benefit on symptoms of depression. In coalition with high levels of compliance, these data provide encouraging evidence for the antidepressant effect of either aerobic, resistance, or mind-body exercise as effective treatment adjucts for older adults presenting with clinical depression. © 2019
Exercise for nonagenarians : a systematic review
- Authors: Miller, Kyle , Suárez-Iglesias, David , Varela, Silvia , Rodríguez, David , Ayán, Carlos,
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy Vol. 43, no. 4 (2020), p. 208-218
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Aerobic, resistance, and mind-body exercise are equivalent to mitigate symptoms of depression in older adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
- Authors: Miller, Kyle , Areerob, Pinyadapat , Hennessy, Declan , Gonçalves-Bradley, Daniela , Mesagno, Christopher , Grace, Fergal
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: F1000Research Vol. 9, no. (2020), p. 1-51
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- Description: Background: Exercise has been identified as an allied health strategy that can support the management of depression in older adults, yet the relative effectiveness for different exercise modalities is unknown. To meet this gap in knowledge, we present a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to examine the head-to-head effectiveness of aerobic, resistance, and mind-body exercise to mitigate depressive symptoms in adults aged ≥ 65 years. Methods: A PRISMA-NMA compliant review was undertaken on RCTs from inception to September 12 th, 2019. PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, and SPORTDiscus were systematically searched for eligible RCTs enrolling adults with a mean age ≥ 65 years, comparing one or more exercise intervention arms, and which used valid measures of depressive symptomology. Comparative effectiveness was evaluated using network meta-analysis to combine direct and indirect evidence, controlling for inherent variation in trial control groups. Results: The systematic review included 81 RCTs, with 69 meeting eligibility for the network meta-analysis ( n = 5,379 participants). Pooled analysis found each exercise type to be effective compared with controls (Hedges' g = -0.27 to -0.51). Relative head-to-head comparisons were statistically comparable between exercise types: resistance versus aerobic (Hedges' g = -0.06, PrI = -0.91, 0.79), mind-body versus aerobic (Hedges' g = -0.12, PrI = -0.95, 0.72), mind-body versus resistance (Hedges' g = -0.06, PrI = -0.90, 0.79). High levels of compliance were demonstrated for each exercise treatment. Conclusions: Aerobic, resistance, and mind-body exercise demonstrate equivalence to mitigate symptoms of depression in older adults aged ≥ 65 years, with comparably encouraging levels of compliance to exercise treatment. These findings coalesce with previous findings in clinically depressed older adults to encourage personal preference when prescribing exercise for depressive symptoms in older adults, irrespective of severity. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42018115866 (23/11/2018). © 2020 Miller KJ et al.
Threshold and subthreshold generalized anxiety disorder in later life
- Authors: Miloyan, Beyon , Byrne, Gerard , Pachana, Nancy
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry Vol. 23, no. 6 (2015), p. 633-641
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- Description: Objective Symptoms and disorders of anxiety are highly prevalent among older adults; however, late-life anxiety disorders remain underdiagnosed. The objective of this study was to (1) estimate the prevalence of late-life threshold and subthreshold generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), (2) examine sociodemographic and health correlates associated with membership in these groups, (3) assess 3-year conversion rates of these groups, and (4) explore characteristics associated with 3-year conversion to GAD. Methods Using Waves 1 and 2 of the National Epidemiological Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions, 13,420 participants aged 55-98 years were included in this study. Results Subthreshold GAD was more highly prevalent than threshold GAD and was interposed between asymptomatic and GAD groups in terms of severity of health characteristics. Although most participants with subthreshold and threshold GAD were asymptomatic by Wave 2, differences in disability persisted. Subthreshold GAD at baseline was not a predictor of threshold GAD at follow-up. Conclusion These findings suggest that late-life GAD should be conceptualized as a dimensional rather than categorical construct. The temporal stability of anxiety-associated disability further suggests that subthreshold GAD bears clinical significance. However, the suitability and efficacy of interventions for minimizing negative sequelae in this group remain to be determined.
Anxiety disorders and all-cause mortality : Systematic review and meta-analysis
- Authors: Miloyan, Beyon , Bulley, Adam , Bandeen-Roche, Karen , Eaton, William , Goncalves-Bradley, Daniela. C.
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology Vol. 51, no. 11 (2016), p. 1467-1475
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- Description: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies that examined the relationship between anxiety disorders, or clinically significant anxiety symptoms, at baseline and all-cause mortality at follow-up relative to control participants without clinically significant anxiety. METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, PsycInfo, and CINAHL were searched through July 2015, along with manual searches of published reviews and forward and backward snowball searches of included studies. Studies were excluded if anxiety was not defined with a standardized instrument, or if participants were followed-up for 1 year or less. The initial search yielded 7901 articles after the removal of duplicates, of which 328 underwent full-text screening. RESULTS: Forty-two estimates from 36 articles were included in the meta-analysis with a total sample of 127,552 participants and over 11,573 deaths. The overall hazard ratio (HR) estimate of mortality in clinically anxious participants relative to controls was 1.09 (95 % CI 1.01-1.16); however, this was reduced after adjusting for publication bias (1.03; 95 % CI 0.95-1.13). There was no evidence of increased mortality risk among anxious participants derived from community samples (0.99; 95 % CI 0.96-1.02) and in studies that adjusted for a diagnosis of depression (1.01; 95 % CI 0.96-1.06). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that positive associations in the literature are attributable to studies in smaller samples, comorbid depression (or other psychiatric conditions) among participants, and possible confounding in medical patient samples followed-up for short durations.
Longitudinal association between social anxiety disorder and incident alcohol use disorder : Results from two national samples of US adults
- Authors: Miloyan, Beyon , Van Doorn, George
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology Vol. 54, no. 4 (2019), p. 469-475
- Full Text: false
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- Description: This study assessed the association between subclinical social fears and a 12-month diagnosis of Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) at baseline and the risk of incident Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) at follow-up, compared to those without subclinical social fears and a 12-month diagnosis of SAD. We performed an individual participant meta-analysis based on data from two national longitudinal surveys. Wave 1 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) was conducted in 2001–2002 in a sample of 43,093 adults and Wave 2 was conducted in 2004–2005 in 34,653 of the original respondents. Wave 1 of the National Comorbidity Survey was conducted in 1990–1992 in a sample of 8098 respondents and Wave 2 was conducted in 2001–2002 in 5001 of the original respondents. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed independently in each study and then the effect estimates were combined using random-effects meta-analysis. Neither subclinical social fears nor 12-month SAD at baseline were associated with incident AUD at follow-up. These findings conflict with reports of previous studies that a diagnosis of SAD is a risk factor for AUD in adults, and suggest that subclinical social fears are not associated with differential risk of incident AUD.
A reassessment of the relationship between depression and all-cause mortality in 3,604,005 participants from 293 studies
- Authors: Miloyan, Beyon , Fried, Eiko
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: World psychiatry : Official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) Vol. 16, no. 2 (2017), p. 219-220
- Full Text: false
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