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Older women workers in Australia: the study

  • Authors: Taylor, Philip , Earl, Catherine , Brooke, Elizabeth , McLoughlin, Christopher
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Chapter 3 p. 53-69
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  • Description: This book reports on a large mixed-methods project Retiring Women: Understanding Older Female Work-Life Transitions funded by the AUstralian Research Council and three industry partners. The project aimed to explore, firstly, transitios into, within and out of the labour market from the perspectives of older women workers, their employers and industry stake-holders across three industry sectors, and secondly, the development of policy related to the recruitment and retention of such workers in the Australian workforce.

Older women, public policy and work

  • Authors: Taylor, Philip , Earl, Catherine , Brooke, Elizabeth , McLoughlin, Christopher
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Retiring women : work and post work transitions Chapter 1 p. 7-45
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  • Description: With current policy concerns about shortfalls of labour supply and effects on the social welfare system due to population ageing, there is a need to understand the factors that shape women's choices about if, when and how to retire. Recent trends indicating the increased workforce participation of women demand new policy responses to the end of careers and retirement transitions to sustain acceptable levels of participation and productivity. This book is innovative in that it will examine constellations of factors that disadvantage or advantage women's career and retirement trajectories against a backdrop of public policy efforts to extend working lives.

Older women’s experiences of working

  • Authors: Taylor, Philip , Earl, Catherine , Brooke, Elizabeth , McLoughlin, Christopher
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Retiring women : work and post work transitions Chapter 4 p. 70-83
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  • Description: Chapter 4 reports the experiences of older women survey respondents in terms of job satisfaction, work-life balance, perceptions of working hours and what determined these, perceptions of treatment by managers and co-workers, perceptions of labour market age barriers, and participation in skills development activities. The findings are indicative of relatively benign workplace environments. Job satisfaction was high and women generally appeared able to juggle work and other responsibilities. Working hours were a concern for some women, particularly those in casualized employment. Participation in learning and development activities declined with age and was more common among those with higher skill levels. Workplace discrimination was not a major feature of the experiences of these women.

Patchwork girl—fractured maternal monsters

  • Authors: Goriss-Hunter, Anitra
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Monstrous Mothers p. 23-38
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  • Description: Maternity and the monstrous are closely intertwined in cultural, social, scientific, and technological narratives. Monstrous maternal entities are firmly entrenched in the popular imaginary and loom large in countless works of fiction and nonfiction. To problematize the notion of the monstrous maternal as tied to a concept or body, this chapter interrogates how monstrously maternal bodies are constructed as hybridity, fragmented identity, and queer desire in Shelley Jackson’s hypertext fiction, Patchwork Girl (1995)—a cyberfeminist reworking of Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein. I argue that Patchwork Girl enacts explorations of the monstrous maternal—historically, the site of the Other, embodiment, agency, and

Place-responsiveness in outdoor environmental education

  • Authors: Wattchow, Brian
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: International Explorations in Outdoor and Environmental Education p. 101-110
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  • Description: This chapter discusses why place-responsiveness is an important consideration for outdoor environmental educators. Understanding the philosophical and pedagogical foundations of place provides insights into what has driven the rise of place-based education. Building upon this, the chapter looks at how outdoor educators have developed place-responsive approaches that allow them and their students to connect to outdoor landscapes. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Post-disaster access to justice : the road ahead for Australian rural communities

  • Authors: Hale, Rachel , Stewart-North, Melina , Harkness, Alistair
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Crossroads of Rural Crime: Representations and Realities of Transgression in the Australian Countryside Chapter 12 p. 167-179
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  • Description: Disasters significantly reduce the accessibility of justice particularly in rural locations. The bushfires, which ravaged three states in the south-east of Australia in late 2019 and early 2020, have had catastrophic social and economic impacts on people, animals and places in rural areas. In the aftermath of disasters, people by necessity must inevitably avail themselves of legal advice and services: to negotiate new business contracts; re-mortgage property; access wills and testaments; attend court; and for a host of other matters. In rural communities, where access to legal services is already limited by distance and circumstance, disasters create increased demand, and access issues are accentuated. This chapter explores access to justice issues in post-disaster context and as they relate to rural, regional and remote communities. It draws upon post-disaster experiences nationally and internationally, outlining responses to improve access to legal services past and present, identifying effective responses. It argues that rurality creates additional barriers and reduces access to justice, and that disasters exacerbate existing access issues as well as creating new challenges. © 2021 by Emerald Publishing Limited.

Protection of feeders with high rooftop PV penetration

  • Authors: Yengejeh, Hadi , Shahnia, Farhad , Islam, Syed
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Handbook Of Renewable Energy Technology & Systems Chapter 13 p. 339-381
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  • Description: This chapter focuses on short-circuit fault on the feeders supplying residential customers with rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems. The chapter discusses the sensitivity of the short-circuit fault level and the corresponding current drawn from the distribution transformer, in addition to the node voltages along the low-voltage feeder, following a short-circuit fault. The chapter also demonstrates that various factors such as the PVs' installation point and rating, as well as the location and type of the fault, impact the study parameters. Furthermore, the chapter illustrates that the time and sequence of the PVs' isolation following the fault will vary depending on the impedance and location of fault, the PV generation-demand ratio, as well as the network's earthing type. © 2022 by World Scientific Publishing Europe Ltd. All rights reserved.

Public policy, ageing and work, and longer working lives

  • Authors: Taylor, Philip , Earl, Catherine , Brooke, Elizabeth , McLoughlin, Christopher
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Chapter 2 p. 46-56
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  • Description: With current policy concerns about shortfalls of labour supply and effects on the social welfare system due to population ageing, there is a need to understand the factors that shape women's choices about if, when and how to retire. Recent trends indicating the increased workforce participation of women demand new policy responses to the end of careers and retirement transitions to sustain acceptable levels of participation and productivity. This book is innovative in that it will examine constellations of factors that disadvantage or advantage women's career and retirement trajectories against a backdrop of public policy efforts to extend working lives.

Reading landscapes : engaging with places

  • Authors: Stewart, Alistair , Jukes, Scott , Mikaels, Jonas , Mangelsdorf, Anthony
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: International Explorations in Outdoor and Environmental Education p. 201-213
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  • Description: Western human-centered worldviews, such as colonialism, have re-shaped landscapes extensively, and in doing so, have marginalised and subjugated the land, its inhabitants and less dominant perspectives. Many of us in outdoor environmental education (OEE) work in colonised landscapes and have opportunities to attend to them in more equitable ways. Our aim in this chapter is to introduce the concept of reading landscapes and promote ways of decolonising/deanthropocentrising approaches to understanding landscapes. We argue that there is no one way of reading landscapes and, as such, three threads run through the chapter. Firstly, the way we participate with landscapes influences how we might read them. Secondly, that our worldview affects our engagements with places. And thirdly, that theoretical perspectives/frameworks can guide our pedagogical approaches. To situate these ideas in practice, we offer four examples that embed some of these ideas in the landscapes we work. This does not offer a consensus on the practice of reading landscapes, but instead presents a rhizomatic approach to exploring how some experienced educators have engaged with the idea in their different contexts. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Reanimating historic malware samples

  • Authors: Black, Paul , Gondal, Iqbal , Vamplew, Peter , Lakhotia, Arun
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Malware Analysis Using Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning p. 345-360
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  • Description: Many types of malicious software are controlled from an attacker’s command and control (C2) servers. Anti-virus organizations seek to defeat malware attacks by requesting removal of C2 server Domain Name Server (DNS) records. As a result, the life span of most malware samples is relatively short. Large datasets of historical malware samples are available for countermeasures research. However, due to the age of these malware samples, their C2 servers are no longer available. To cope with high volumes of malware production, malware analysis is increasingly performed using machine learning techniques. Dynamic analysis is commonly used for feature extraction. However, due to the absence of their C2 servers, after initialization, malware samples may exit or loop attempting to establish C2 server connections and, as a result, no longer exhibit their original capabilities. Therefore, partial execution of historical malware samples in a sandbox results in features that differ from those that would be extracted in-the-wild, thus invalidating the results of any machine learning research based on these features. One approach to extracting accurate features is to build an emulated C2 server to provide an environment that allows control of the full capabilities of the malware in an isolated environment. To illustrate the benefits of building C2 server emulators, this chapter provides examples of techniques for the creation of C2 server emulators for three malware families (Zeus, CryptoWall, and CryptoLocker) using manual reverse engineering techniques and a review of semi-automated techniques for the construction of C2 server emulators.

Research leadership

  • Authors: Millmow, Alex
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: The gypsy economist: the life and times of Colin Clark Chapter 12 p. 211-228
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  • Description: This chapter looks at Colin Clark’s work as Director of the Agricultural Economics Research Institute at Oxford, his observations about the British economy but also his continuing interest in Australia. In his seventeen years as Director of the Institute (1953–1969), Clark interpreted his research duties very broadly, looking at wider issues of demand, prices, international trade, resource allocation and the location of economic activity and human settlements. His position furthered his understanding of the processes of economic growth, more particularly the role of agricultural sector in that process, as well as the economics of irrigation and the dynamic interaction between food supplies and global population. Under his leadership, the Institute expanded its interest in the field of development economics without neglecting its basic research task. As well as journal articles, reports and essays, Clark published four major academic works in the 1960s spanning demography, irrigation, subsistence agriculture and economic development. He had returned to work in Britain at a critical period in its economic history with great concern about inflation, the balance of payments deficit and anaemic rate of economic growth. By this time, Clark had become one of the first radical conservatives, later describing his philosophy as classical economic liberalism. He spoke out against the post-war Keynesian consensus and assisted in the creation of the Institute of Economic Affairs. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Review of Nepal's protected area laws in relation to human wildlife conflict

  • Authors: Bhattarai, Babu , Wright, Wendy , Morgan, Damian
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Protected Areas: Management, Benefits and Social Impacts p. 167-198
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  • Description: Laws and policies are critical in facilitating positive or negative outcomes where humans and wildlife have potential to interact. This chapter provides a historical overview of Nepal's protected areas and reviews the Nepalese conservation laws to explore whether they, through enactment, have the capacity to reduce the frequency and consequently the impact of human wildlife conflict (HWC). This chapter also provides useful insights for the formulation of new conservation laws, or the revision of existing conservation laws, to prevent and mitigate HWC. Nepal's conservation laws were formulated in the early 1970s, when modern protected areas were first being established in the country. Initially, Nepal followed the Yellowstone Model, an exclusionary approach involving the removal of local people from areas within the boundaries of the new National Parks. The intent was to separate humans and protected areas, measures that are often commended as effective in reducing interactions between humans and wildlife. Over time, the gradual relaxation of strict rules of exclusion, including the granting of rights to local people to access resources inside protected areas, have encouraged a move towards a coexistence approach. This later approach (coexistence) condoned, or at least allowed for, more contact between humans and wildlife, and may have increased the potential for HWC. Subsequent amendments to the conservation laws-including provisions for wildlife population management-may have gone some way toward reducing HWC; however, these amendments lack clarity and have been poorly implemented. This article recommends active implementation of laws that may reduce interactions between humans and wildlife and suggests improved compensation policies for wildlife damage. © 2021 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.

Schistosomiasis

Setting the Scene

Slaying the doomsayers

  • Authors: Millmow, Alex
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: The gypsy economist: the life and times of Colin Clark Chapter 16 p. 291-304
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  • Description: This chapter considers how Colin Clark confronted the 1970s zeitgeist of doom-laden prophecies revolving around resource depletion, population growth and pollution. Over his life Clark had seen several prophets of doom come and go, invariably telling people that the world was running out of food, resources, water, land or energy. He sought to overturn this prevailing mood of negativity by scientific and empirical persuasion. He believed it was important to confront such prophecy since widespread disillusion about the Earth’s future, coupled with a low level of scientific education, spread anxiety about the future and lay behind falling birth-rates. Besides contesting many of the claims by the zero population growth movement, Clark also confronted the Club of Rome on its environmental pessimism and preconceived idea of food production falling behind population growth and related fears of the world ‘running out’ of resources. It irritated Clark that much of this literature of environmental doom and over-population had all been rebutted in the past. Since 1964 Clark had been involved in the early stages of discussions that would culminate in the 1968 Papal Encyclical on birth control which banned Catholics from practicing artificial forms of contraception. It was argued that Clark’s work on the Papal Commission damaged his academic objectivity. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Spiritual awakening

  • Authors: Millmow, Alex
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: The gypsy economist: the life and times of Colin Clark Chapter 8 p. 129-148
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  • Description: This chapter looks at Colin Clark’s changing spiritual and philosophical attitudes during the Second World War. Clark opposed the centralisation of federal power when the Curtin Labor Government commandeered income taxation from the states. After 1945, his views on post-war reconstruction differed markedly from Australian economists. He also disowned his earlier Fabian beliefs. This sea-change in Clark’s philosophical outlook came with his conversion to Roman Catholicism in 1940. It marked a critical change in his career, especially in social and economic outlook. He became friendly with Australian political activist B. A. (Bob) Santamaria, sharing a regard for Distributivism, traditionalism, a longing for an idyllic rural society and hostility to communism. Having chosen to align himself with extreme doctrinal elements within the Catholic Church, Clark would face a continuing tension between scientific integrity and his faith. He rejected a collective form of social security for post-war Australia, arguing that she should exploit its resource endowment as a primary producer to feed the world and enjoy high commodity prices from doing so. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Student perspectives on participation in multidisciplinary, cross-cultural study tours and design workshops

Taeniasis and Cysticercosis

Teachers as older women workers: stakeholder comments

  • Authors: Taylor, Philip , Earl, Catherine , Brooke, Elizabeth , McLoughlin, Christopher
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Retiring women : work and post work transitions Chapter 9 p. 136-146
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  • Description: Chapter 9 explores conceptions older workers, drawing from interviews with human resources managers and expert stakeholders. Analysis revealed pervasive discrimination based on age and gender and a lack of recognition of the diversity of older workers. They are generally understood in essentialized terms as a single group sharing certain stereotypical attributes. An essentialized discourse of decline underpins representations of older workers. It is argued that the idea of the older worker needs to be problematized.

The bad mothers club: In Cyberspace, you can hear the unruly women laughing

  • Authors: Goriss-Hunter, Anitra
  • Date: 2021
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Who’s Laughing Now? Chapter five p. 61-74
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  • Description: Despite feminist interventions, it is obvious that there are serious problems with the ways in which maternal bodies are described and defined. Representations of good and bad mothers offer narrow, restrictive, and prescriptive scripts for maternal bodies. Searching for some possible solutions to the issues concerning restrictive representations of maternity, I found the maternity website, Bad Mothers Club (BMC). BMC is a British website, edited and published by Stephanie Calman, that was set up in response to the increasing volume of information about pregnancy and childrearing from a variety of domains, which arguably seek to regulate, control, and profit from. maternal bodies "From introduction"