The grand soothsayer
- Authors: Millmow, Alex
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: The gypsy economist: the life and times of Colin Clark Chapter 15 p. 257-290
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- Description: This chapter looks at Colin Clark’s work in development economics, especially on population and resources which alleviated fears about mass hunger within the developing countries during the postwar era. Clark perceived enormous potential for growth in agricultural productivity within developing countries. As such, he would lead the crusade against neo-Malthusian pessimism about food and resources, arguing that population growth pushed farmers to improve their production techniques and lift output. Clark criticised the Food and Agriculture Organisation’s estimates of the extent of world hunger which, he argued, were designed more to give support to Western farmers to produce large, uneconomical surpluses of grain. Where there was malnutrition the problem was attributed to political and distribution hurdles, not resource constraints. In The Economics of Subsistence Agriculture (1964) Clark explored how the bulk of the world’s population, living within traditional agricultural settings, lacked basic amenities such as clothing, housing, medicine, education and transport. Transport was identified as the overriding factor holding back agricultural productivity. Population Growth and Land Use (1967) conveyed Clark’s views about the interaction between population, the world’s resources, urban settlement and economic growth. He surprised many by saying the real problem facing humanity was finding space for housing and recreation. He also elevated the issue of economic and regional stratification within societies. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
The Headphone
- Authors: Smith, Naomi , Snider, Anne
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: The Bloomsbury Handbook of the Anthropology of Sound Chapter 1 p. 27-42
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The man who smashed convention
- Authors: Millmow, Alex
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: The gypsy economist: the life and times of Colin Clark Chapter 13 p. 229-241
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- Description: This chapter looks at Colin Clark’s criticisms of the post-war economic orthodoxy in Britain, especially the welfare state and how his critique made him one of the progenitors of neo-liberal thought. In Welfare and Taxation (1954) Clark stated that high tax rates enfeebled the economy by undermining entrepreneurial spirit and effort. He was equally alarmed at the rate at which government spending was rising, especially the cost of the welfare state; it was already exceeding the economic growth rate with much of the public revenue obtained from taxing low-income families. Families, he held, should be left to manage their own affairs. Clark can be seen as a progenitor of neo-liberal thought with his pamphlet marking the first intellectual reaction against the welfare state and foretelling upon how a new political movement would rise up against it. Clark continued his criticism of the British welfare state in The Cost of Living (1957), where he argued that protectionism and high taxation had become ‘a complete, utter, howling, disastrous failure’. Britain was afflicted by poor productivity, high taxation and protectionism but also inherently inflationary because of the commitment to over-full employment. Clark held that the ‘strongest’ argument for assisting the British farm sector was in dispersing the nation’s population. He assigned great cultural value to a healthy rural sector which enriched the nation’s social and cultural life. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
The monash years
- Authors: Millmow, Alex
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: The gypsy economist: the life and times of Colin Clark Chapter 18 p. 317-340
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- Description: This chapter looks at Colin Clark’s return to Australia and his subsequent appointments at Monash University, the Institute for Economic Progress and The University of Queensland. It was abbreviated by a brief foray in London working for a libertarian think-tank. In October 1969, Clark took up a position at Monash University. The Catholic Church in Melbourne funded a research institute for him to pursue his interests in population and economic development. He also resumed his controversial media profile writing about economic and political issues including inflation, environmentalism, urban issues, decentralisation, population and world hunger. He engaged in public debate with leading feminist, Germaine Greer on abortion and with the controversial biochemist, Paul Ehrlich on zero population growth. With inflation stirring, Clark linked it with high-taxing, high-spending governments. The solution, he argued, was to suppress the level of public spending followed by a reduction in taxation to restore private demand. In 1976 Clark spent time in London with the Centre for Policy Studies set up to broadcast of neoliberal ideas. He continued his work on welfare reform including the possible introduction of negative taxation. However, the Conservative Party leader Margaret Thatcher, steered clear of his radical reforms to welfare and a disheartened Clark returned to Australia. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
The mothership : exploring the anatomy of one New Zealand Men’s Shed
- Authors: Golding, Barry , Foley, Annette
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: Reflections on adult education and learning: The adult education legacy of Sabina Jelenc Kra Chapter 4 p. 67-79
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The tarmac economist
- Authors: Millmow, Alex
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: The gypsy economist: the life and times of Colin Clark Chapter 11 p. 187-207
- Full Text: false
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- Description: This chapter looks at Colin Clark as one of the first international consulting economists in what became the new field of development economics. He continued to refute neo-Malthusian beliefs that had captivated post-war British and American minds noting how agricultural productivity was rising annually due to modern methods of cultivation and greater than the increase in global population. The shortage of food was due to a lack of labour, not land. He accused agriculturally bountiful countries, such as Australia and Argentina of needlessly starving their agrarian sectors of resources by engaging in ill-advised industrialisation policies which contributed to a worldwide shortage of food. Clark resigned from the Queensland Government in 1952 because it did not share his views on decentralisation and the promotion of primary industry. In Australia he became a voice in the wilderness as he publicly lamented the over-development of manufacturing, fiscal federalism and the imposition quantitative import controls in 1952. Oxford came to his salvation in the same year. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
The Timor-Leste Petroleum Fund : from buying peace to white elephants
- Authors: Doraisami, Anita , Courvisanos, Jerry
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: The Political Economy of Natural Resource Funds p. 233-260
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- Description: Sovereign Wealth Funds rarely have the opportunity to be examined from their beginning concurrently with the installation of sovereignty for the country itself. This is the unique case of Timor-Leste (formerly known as East Timor), built up from information provided by all stakeholders in the establishment and ongoing operation of the country’s Petroleum Fund. With oil and gas fields in the Timor Sea plentiful and already extracted previously by Indonesia, the United Nations administration ensured the Norwegian model should be the basis for setting up the Fund. Thus, Timor-Leste began well by establishing a globally acknowledged well-designed Fund soon after gaining sovereignty. This chapter examines the Fund from the amity of its inception to the realities of a post-conflict society. These realities soon became apparent after civil disturbances resulted in Fund resources being used to “buy the peace.” Then emerged economic and social pressures of large infrastructure development where major projects were raising concerns as to whether the Fund is being used to construct white elephants. Together these two acute influences have the potential for the Resource Curse to emerge on the horizon if the big spending “peace and development” strategy fails. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Therapeutic virtual landscapes : an exploration of gendered learning spaces during the Covid-19 lockdown
- Authors: Foley, Annette
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Book chapter , Book section
- Relation: Reflections on adult education and learning: The adult education legacy of Sabina Jelenc Krašovec Chapter 5 p. 81-95
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Three classic contributions
- Authors: Millmow, Alex
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: The gypsy economist: the life and times of Colin Clark Chapter 7 p. 113-128
- Full Text: false
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- Description: Despite occupying important official positions with the Queensland Government, Colin Clark published three outstanding pieces of economic research over a five year period. A Critique of Russian Statistics (1939) was the first comparative statistical estimation of the Soviet experiment. He confirmed that Russian national income per head had barely risen until the late 1930s. Russia was ‘a poor and hungry country’ and socialism had, on the evidence, made little difference. Clark’s most definitive work The Conditions of Economic Progress (1940a) laid out the long-term essentials necessary for a country to achieve material progress. In doing so, he devised a means to measure the comparative real income per capita. Clark showed that the world was ‘a wretchedly poor place’ with a few developed countries producing most of the world’s output. His third work The Economics of 1960 (1942) used a basic econometric model to project the most probable course of world population, industrial development, prices, capital movements and interest rates until 1960. Given the increasing shortage of rural labour in many countries with attempts at industrialization, he predicted that the terms-of-trade would violently swing in favour of primary producing countries. The immediate post-war years would also be a period of an investment-led economic boom because of ‘capital hunger’. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
Tissue Nematodes
- Authors: Sapp, Sarah , Bradbury, Richard
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: Maxcy-Rosenau-last public health & preventive medicine Chapter 127 p. 1380-1390
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Transforming the maize treadmill : understanding social, economic, and ecological impacts
- Authors: Gasman, Francisca , Baker, Lauren , Bellon, Mauricio , Burgeff, Caroline , Sandhu, Harpinder
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: True Cost Accounting for Food: Balancing the Scale p. 112-136
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 5 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Harpinder Sandhu” is provided in this record**
Two revelations
- Authors: Millmow, Alex
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: The gypsy economist: the life and times of Colin Clark Chapter 9 p. 149-168
- Full Text: false
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- Description: This chapter looks at two issues with which Colin Clark was preoccupied in the post-war years: the role and optimal size of cities and the fiscal limits of taxation. Originating in his research on location theory, transport and urban economics, Clark entertained an interest in improving urban design and living. He argued that the principal function of a city was the provision of the full range of services, including commercial, educational and cultural facilities, all predicated upon an effective transport system. Another concern of Clark’s related to the proposed post-war expenditures on welfare and associated fears of over-taxation. Drawing on a brief observation made by Keynes in 1923, Clark found an empirical relationship between excessive taxation and inflationary pressure. He contended, that at full employment, the state could collect, at the most 25% of national income in taxation; if states tried to extract more an inflationary process would be triggered making the exercise self-defeating. While most economists disagreed with the figuring behind his hypothesis it formed an integral part of his attack upon the Leviathan of big government. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
Vaccines for fasciola : new thinking for an old problem
- Authors: Spithill, Terry , Toet, Hayley , Rathinasamy, Vignesh , Zerna, Gemma , Swan, Jaclyn , Cameron, Timothy , Smooker, Peter , Piedrafita, David , Dempster, Robert , Beddoe, Travis
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: Fasciolosis II Chapter 12 p. 379-422
- Full Text: false
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Vector-Borne Filariases
- Authors: Bradbury, Richard , Cantey, Paul , Won, Kimberly , DuBray, Christine
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: Maxcy-Rosenau-last public health & preventive medicine Chapter 124 p. 1353-1362
- Full Text: false
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Whatever happened to gender equality in Australian and New Zealand universities?
- Authors: Bönisch-Brednich, Brigitte , White, Kate
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: Palgrave Studies in Gender and Education p. 93-115
- Full Text: false
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- Description: This chapter examines why progress towards getting more women into senior management has been slow in Australian and New Zealand public universities. It argues that despite implementation of gender-equality policies, the structural sources of gender equality have not been tackled. Most recently this has been reflected in merging gender equality with other initiatives, transforming it from a separate and stand-alone goal. The data is derived from senior managers who were responsible for gender equality during COVID-19 and an analysis of the strategic plans of all public universities. While such senior managers expressed a commitment to change, the university strategic plans revealed either an absence of gender-equality initiatives or their low priority. “Gender” has mostly been subsumed into crowded equity/diversity/inclusion portfolios, making gender inequality invisible. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Women's sheds worldwide
- Authors: Golding, Barry , Carragher, Lucia
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: Shoulder to shoulder : broadening the men's shed movement Chapter 10 p. 319-354
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Zoonotic Cestodes
- Authors: Sapp, Sarah , Bradbury, Richard
- Date: 2021
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: Maxcy-Rosenau-last public health & preventive medicine Chapter 131 p. 1412-1420
- Full Text: false
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'I came to find my father": Indiana Jones and the quest for the lost father
- Authors: Wight, Linda
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: Excavating Indiana Jones : essays on the films and franchise p. 114-125
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: “I came to find my father”Indiana Jones and the Quest for the Lost Father Linda Wight Numerous commentators have observed the pervasive concern with father- son relationships in the films of Steven Spielberg. Lester D. Friedman writes, “No matter the genre, father figures—good and bad, dependable and unreliable, genetic and assumed—pervade Spielberg’s movies” (95). Spielberg has been particularly noted for his repeated depiction of “psychologically and emotionally lost boys” and “missing, consumed, distant, or malevolent father figures” (34), a pattern often attributed to Spielberg’s own well-publicized troubled relationship with his emotionally distant father (34). Father- son relationships are a feature of each of the Indiana Jones films,though it is in the third and fourth installments that the quest for father- son reconciliation takes thematic primacy. In Raiders of the Lost Ark, Indy’s seduction of the teenage Marion is framed as a betrayal of her father, Abner, who loved Indy “like a son,” while Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom positions Indy as surrogate father to eleven- year-old Short Round and the Indian children whom he frees from a Thuggee cult. The later films expand on these concerns. Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade explores the adolescent rebellion implied by Indy’s betrayal of Abner in Raiders, attributing Indy’s immaturity and search for surrogate father figures to the emotional neglect of his bio-logical father, Henry Jones. Last Crusade emphasizes that a positive father-son relationship is crucial to both father and son’s achievement of a mature, well- rounded masculine identity. Thus, the quest for the Holy Grail becomes inextricably bound up with, and indeed secondary to, the quest for father-son reconciliation. Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull again positions father- son reconciliation as crucial in the quest for a secure and respected masculine identity. Building upon his role as surrogate father in Temple of Doom, Indy discovers he has a biological son, “Mutt,” with Marion.
- Description: “I came to find my father”Indiana Jones and the Quest for the Lost FatherLinda WightNumerous commentators have observed the pervasive concern with father- son relationships in the films of Steven Spielberg. Lester D. Friedmanwrites, “No matter the genre, father figures—good and bad, dependable andunreliable, genetic and assumed—pervade Spielberg’s movies” (95). Spielberghas been particularly noted for his repeated depiction of “psychologicallyand emotionally lost boys” and “missing, consumed, distant, or malevolentfather figures” (34), a pattern often attributed to Spielberg’s own well-publicized troubled relationship with his emotionally distant father (34). Father- son relationships are a feature of each of the Indiana Jones films,though it is in the third and fourth installments that the quest for father- sonreconciliation takes thematic primacy. In Raiders of the Lost Ark, Indy’s seduc-tion of the teenage Marion is framed as a betrayal of her father, Abner, wholoved Indy “like a son,” while Indiana Jones and the Temple of DoompositionsIndy as surrogate father to eleven- year-old Short Round and the Indian chil-dren whom he frees from a Thuggee cult. The later films expand on theseconcerns. Indiana Jones and the Last Crusadeexplores the adolescent rebellionimplied by Indy’s betrayal of Abner in Raiders, attributing Indy’s immaturityand search for surrogate father figures to the emotional neglect of his bio-logical father, Henry Jones. Last Crusadeemphasizes that a positive father-son relationship is crucial to both father and son’s achievement of a mature, well- rounded masculine identity. Thus, the quest for the Holy Grail becomesinextricably bound up with, and indeed secondary to, the quest for father-son reconciliation. Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skullagainpositions father- son reconciliation as crucial in the quest for a secure andrespected masculine identity. Building upon his role as surrogate father inTemple of Doom, Indy discovers he has a biological son, “Mutt,” with Marion,
A Model for human activity recognition in ambient assisted living
- Authors: do Amaral, Wagner , Dantas, Mario , Campos, Fernanda
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: Advances on P2P, Parallel, Grid, Cloud and Internet Computing Chapter 29 p.
- Full Text: false
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- Description: This work presents a model for human activity recognition, through an IoT paradigm, using location and movement data, generated from an accelerometer. The activities of five individuals from different age groups were monitored, utilizing IoT devices, using the activities of four of these individuals to train the model and the activities of the remaining individual for test data. For the prediction of the activities, the Extra Trees algorithm was used, where the results of 81.16% accuracy were obtained when only movement data were used, 92.59% when using both movement and location data, and 97.56% when using movement data and synthetic location data.
A perspective on the discovery of selected compounds with anthelmintic activity against the barber's pole worm—Where to from here?
- Authors: Jiao, Yaqing , Preston, Sarah , Hofmann, Andreas , Taki, Aya , Baell, Jonathan , Chang, Bill , Jabbar, Abdul , Gasser, Robin
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Book chapter
- Relation: Advances in Parasitology p. 1-45
- Full Text: false
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- Description: Parasitic roundworms (nematodes) cause substantial morbidity and mortality in animals worldwide. Anthelmintic treatment is central to controlling these worms, but widespread resistance to most of the commercially available anthelmintics for veterinary and agricultural use is compromising control, such that there is an urgency to discover new and effective drugs. The purpose of this article is to review information on parasitic nematodes, the treatment and control of parasitic nematode infections and aspects of discovering new anthelmintics in the context of anthelmintic resistance problems, and then to discuss some progress that our group has made in identifying selected compounds with activity against nematodes. The focus of our recent work has been on discovering new chemical entities and known drugs with anthelmintic activities against Haemonchus contortus as well as other socioeconomically important parasitic nematodes for subsequent development. Using whole worm-based phenotypic assays, we have been screening compound collections obtained via product-development-partnerships and/or collaborators, and active compounds have been assessed for their potential as anthelmintic candidates. Following the screening of 15,333 chemicals from five distinct compound collections against H. contortus, we have discovered one new chemical entity (designated SN00797439), two human kinase inhibitors (SNS-032 and AG-1295), 14 tetrahydroquinoxaline analogues, one insecticide (tolfenpyrad) and two tolfenpyrad (pyrazole-5-carboxamide) derivatives (a-15 and a-17) with anthelmintic activity in vitro. Some of these 20 ‘hit’ compounds have selectivity against H. contortus in vitro when compared to particular human cell lines. In our opinion, some of these compounds could represent starting points for ‘lead’ development. Accordingly, the next research steps to be pursued include: (i) chemical optimisation of representative chemicals via structure-activity relationship (SAR) evaluations; (ii) assessment of the breadth of spectrum of anthelmintic activity on a range of other parasitic nematodes, such as strongyloids, ascaridoids, enoplids and filarioids; (iii) detailed investigations of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) of optimised chemicals with broad nematocidal or nematostatic activity; and (iv) establishment of the modes of action of lead candidates. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd