The cyberspatial landscapes of William Gibson and Tad Williams
- Authors: Conn, Matthew
- Date: 2001
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: AUMLA-Journal of the Australasian Universities Language and Literature Association Vol. , no. 96 (Nov 2001), p. 207-219
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
The further chemistry of ellagic acid I. Synthesis of tetramethylellagic acid and associated polymer precursors
- Authors: Reitze, J. D. , Przewloka, Simon , Shearer, B. J.
- Date: 2001
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Holzforschung Vol. 55, no. 2 (2001), p. 171-175
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: A quantitative method for the production of 3,3',4,4'-tetra-O-methylellagic acid was developed. Ellagic acid was fully methylated under nitrogen and in air using dimethyl sulphate and 25%,guanidinium methoxide in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. The synthesis of a range of polymer precursors derived from 3,3',4,4'-tetra-O-methylellagic acid are outlined, including the previously unreported 2,3,4,2',3',4'-hexamethoxy-6,6'-diphenoyl-dichloride, 2,3,4,2',3',4'-hexamethoxy-6,6'-diisocyanto-diphenyl, 2,3,4, 2',3',4'-hexamethoxy-6,6'-diamino-diphenyl, 2,3,4,2',3',4'-hexamethoxy6,6'-dihydroxymethyl-diphenyl and 2,3,4,2',3',4'-hexamethoxy-diphenyl-6,6'-dialdehyde.
The morning tea break ritual : A case study
- Authors: Lee, David
- Date: 2001
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International journal of nursing practice Vol. 7, no. 2 (2001), p. 69-73
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Many nursing scholars have examined the negative effects of rituals in nursing practice, and have argued for nurses to abolish these ritual practices; however, rituals remain resilient. There must be reasons that nurses are keeping these rituals alive. This study aimed to explore the meanings of the 'morning tea break ritual' to a group of nurses in a medical ward. The study employed an ethnographic methodology and found that the morning tea break ritual provided time, space and an environment where nurses can ventilate their feelings and gain each other's support. Thus, the morning tea break ritual has positive contribution to nurses' work and both nurses and patients are the beneficiaries of this ritual act.
The nature of spiritual well-being and the curriculum : Some educators' views
- Authors: Fisher, John
- Date: 2001
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Christian Education Vol. 44, no. 1 (2001), p. 47-58
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This study inquired into how well students' spirituality was reflected in their spiritual health and wellbeing. Ninety- seven school staff were interviewed, drawn from 22 secondary schools in Victoria, Australia. The schools from which the staff were drawn included state (4), Catholic (4), and other non- government schools (14), with the latter including Aboriginal, Islamic, Jewish and Steiner schools. The staff included people in such roles as the principal, curriculum coordinator, chaplain of religious education coordinator, and student welfare coordinator. The methodology and findings are discussed. [Author abstract, ed]
The role of carbonaceous "indicator" slates in the genesis of lode gold mineralization in the western Lachlan orogen, Victoria, southeastern Australia
- Authors: Bierlein, Frank , Cartwright, I. , McKnight, Stafford
- Date: 2001
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Economic Geology and the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists Vol. 96, no. 3 (May-Jun 2001), p. 431-451
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: "Indicator" slates have long been considered to represent a useful exploration guide for turbidite-hosted mesothermal lode gold mineralization in central Victoria. This assumption has been based on an apparent close spatial relationship between high gold grades and the proximity of thin, commonly pyritic and carbon-rich marker units, Detailed studies in a number of gold deposits throughout central Victoria, however, reveal that highest gold grades do not necessarily coincide with the presence of carbonaceous units. In many places where gold mineralization is associated with carbon-rich matter, the high C accumulations are the result of epigenetic remobilization during hydrothermal alteration and ore genesis. Petrographic, geochemical, and stable isotope IC. O, Si investigations into the origin and nature of the carbonaceous matter-mainly amorphous bitumens and pyrobitumen of organic origin, with biological fragments and rare graphite of both detrital and metamorphic origin-demonstrate that black shales within the Cambro-Ordovician succession ill central Victoria lacked the vital constituents to provide (1) a primary sink for precious metals, and (2) whereas the presence of carbonaceous matter was likely to affect the evolution of epigenetic hydrothermal fluids and, locally, may have facilitated gold enrichment, carbon-rich sedimentary rocks were not crucial for ore genesis on the deposit scale. Instead, the size of the hydrothermal cell, physicochemical conditions of the ascending fluids, and dynamic fault-valve behavior played far more significant roles in controlling gold precipitation. The importance of these processes has implications for exploration targeting sediment-hosted, lode- and disseminated-style gold mineralization in the western Lachlan orogen and in slate belt provinces elsewhere.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003002954
The self-managing school and social justice: Are they on the same planet?
- Authors: Smyth, John
- Date: 2001
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: School Field Vol. 12, no. 3 (2001), p. 71-90
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: The self-managing school is an educational reform that seems to have developed the status of reform 'we had to have'. Regardless of whether it was in the educational interests of schools or not, this reform has been foisted onto schools worldwide, and in many instances, with quite devastating effects. Yet, despite its pervasiveness, there is precious little evidence to show that this reform improves learning. On the contrary, for vast numbers of students, especially those who are already least advantaged, this reform is coming to be seen as being extremely damaging. The paper poses a number of questions about the undisclosed intention of this reform, how it works, for whom, and its corroding effects on large numbers of students and teachers.
Topical and sub-topical functions, downward sets and abstract convexity
- Authors: Rubinov, Alex , Singer, Ivan
- Date: 2001
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Optimization Vol. 50, no. 5-6 (2001), p. 307-351
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: We study topical and sub-topical functions (i.e., functions f : Rn → R = [-∞, +∞] which are increasing in the natural partial ordering of Rn and additively homogeneous, respectively additively sub-homogeneous), and downward sets (i.e., subsets of ℝn which contain, along with each element, all smaller elements), in the framework of abstract convex analysis, with the aid of the additive min-type coupling function
Typical behaviour in scalar delay differential equations
- Authors: Ivanov, Anatoli , Dzalilov, Zari , Rubinov, Alex
- Date: 2001
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Studies of University of Zilina, Mathematical series Vol. 14 , no. 1 (2001), p. 1-10
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003002564
Using global optimization to improve classification for medical diagnosis and prognosis
- Authors: Bagirov, Adil , Rubinov, Alex , Yearwood, John
- Date: 2001
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Topics in health information management Vol. 22, no. 1 (2001), p. 65-74
- Full Text: false
- Description: Global optimization-based techniques are studied in order to increase the accuracy of medical diagnosis and prognosis with data from various databases. First, we discuss feature selection, the problem of determining the most informative features for classification in the databases under consideration. Then, we apply a technique based on convex and global optimization for classification in these databases. The third application of this technique is a method that calculates centers of clusters to predict when breast cancer is likely to recur in patients for which cancer has been removed. The technique achieves high accuracy with these databases. Better classifiers will lead to improved assistance in making medical diagnostic and prognostic decisions.
- Description: 2003003662
Validity of double and single leg vertical jumps as tests of leg extensor muscle function
- Authors: Young, Warren , MacDonald, Chris J. , Flowers, Michelle
- Date: 2001
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research Vol. 15, no. 1 (2001), p. 6-11
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: The purpose of this research was to determine if 5 weeks of resistance training for the shoulder and hip flexor muscles produces improvements in vertical jumping (VJ) performance. Twenty-eight men were assessed on tests of shoulder power, leg extensor muscle function, and VJ performance using jumps performed from a standing position, a 3-stride run-up, and double- and single-leg takeoffs. A shoulder and hip flexor training group (n = 14) improved significantly more than a nontraining control group (n = 12) in shoulder power and 2 VJ performance tests, but not in the tests of leg extensor muscle function. It was concluded that the arm swing and free-leg drive significantly influence VJ performance and, therefore, VJ tests are not valid for assessment of leg extensor muscle function.
- Description: 2003003764
Assessing spiritual health via four domains of spiritual wellbeing : The SH4DI
- Authors: Fisher, John , Francis, L. J. , Johnson, Peter
- Date: 2000
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Pastoral Psychology Vol. 49, no. 2 (2000), p. 133-145
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: This study argues for the assessment of spiritual health in terms of four domains of wellbeing concerned with self, community, environment, and God. This view of spiritual health is supported by data from 311 teachers in the UK. The Spiritual Health in Four Domains Index (SH4DI) developed from these data both provides an overall index of spiritual health and distinguishes among six different spiritual health perspectives represented by personalists, communalists, environmentalists, religionists, existentialists, and globalists. © 2000 Human Sciences Press, Inc.
Being human, becoming whole : Understanding spiritual health and well- being
- Authors: Fisher, John
- Date: 2000
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Christian Education Vol. 43, no. 3 (2000), p. 37-52
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This chapter discusses what spirituality is and its place in education. Topics discussed are interest in spirituality, the nature of spirituality, dimensions of health, spiritual health and well being, and a model of spiritual health. Spirituality is innate, emotive, subjective, dynamic and not religion. Spiritual health and well being are reflected in the quality of relationships in four domains of human existence - people with themselves, with others, with the environment, and with a transcendent other. The model embraces the divergence of world views, beliefs and lived experiences of humanity, as expressed in the knowledge and inspirational aspects of spiritual well being in each of the domains.
Salinity on the southeastern Dundas Tableland, Victoria
- Authors: Dahlhaus, Peter , MacEwan, Richard , Nathan, Erica , Morand, Vincent J
- Date: 2000
- Type: Journal article
- Relation: Australian Journal of Earth Sciences Vol. 47, no. 1 (2000), p. 3-11
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Historical evidence of early salinity, vegetation and landuse changes, and pedological studies have been used in formulating a new model for salinity processes acting on the Dundas Tableland in southwestern Victoria. Contrary to previous assumptions, salinity in this area was a feature of the pre-European landscape and was noted in the earliest surveys and journals. Analysis of historical records show an initial post-settlement increase in the tree numbers, followed by a rapid decline much later than previously assumed. Accumulation of salts in the regolith may be attributed to marine incursions during the Miocene and Pliocene, the extensive weathering to develop a deep regolith, and wind-blown and cyclic salt accumulation. A trend analysis of historical streamflow and bore hydrograph records does not indicate rising groundwater levels. The pedological features of duplex and sodic soil profiles support a history of prolonged seasonal waterlogging. A model with seasonal lateral flow of water through the upper regolith can better account for the spread of salinity than the rising groundwater hypothesis. By control of waterlogging, land managers could improve soil structure, enhance root growth and soil water use, as well as inhibit the spread of salinity.
Student poverty at the University of Ballarat
- Authors: Newton, Janice , Turale, Sue
- Date: 2000
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Journal of Social Issues Vol. 35, no. 3 (2000), p. 251-265
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: This article draws together the findings of two recent studies at the University of Ballarat which suggest that poverty is experienced among a considerable minority of students. In a pilot study of 54 students and a phenomenological study of 17 students. different ways of measuring poverty were considered: the Poverty Line, dependence on a government allowance, cultural criteria and self-perception. It was found that undertaking part-time work failed to protect students from poverty, with significant indebtedness affecting all. Those under the Poverty Line were more likely to he young and male and less likely to he living in a family. Poor students saw their well-being and self-worth affected by poverty as they struggled to escape a cycle of indebtedness and risked academic standards by working longer hours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Australian Journal of Social Issues is the property of Australian Council of Social Service and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Long-term land subsidence and strata compression in Changzhou, China
- Authors: Wang, Guang-ya , You, Greg , Shi, Bin , Yu, Jun , Tuck, Michael
- Date: 1999
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Engineering Geology Vol. 104, no. (1999), p. 109–118
- Full Text:
- Description: Changzhou City, underlain by a multi-layered aquifer system in Quaternary sediments in the Great Yangtze River Delta region, experienced a maximum land subsidence rate of 147 mm/year in the early 1980s due to excessive groundwater extraction. A large-scale monitoring station of 11 borehole extensometerswas established in the city in 1983 to investigate land subsidence. Nine stratawere predetermined in the Quaternary depth interval andmonitored by borehole extensometers. Presented in this paper are the long-term observations of land subsidence, strata compression and groundwater level in four aquifers from 1984 to 2002, and discussion on strata compression based on the measured data with reference to the stratigraphy, soil properties, groundwater withdrawn and literature of similar situations. The compression of strata varies significantly and is strongly influenced by groundwater drawdown in the second confined aquifer, or CA2. The groundwater level in CA2 declined from −55 m in 1981 to −76 m in 1994 and the land subsidence rate remained high. After the city government enforced restrictions on groundwater extraction in 1995, the extraction rate sharply reduced, the groundwater level in CA2 steadily recovered to −56 m until 2003, and the land subsidence rate declined to 10 mm/year in 2002. From 1984 to 2002, the land subsidence was mainly attributed to the consolidation of the thick aquitard overlying CA2. In the future, to prevent the subsidence rate from rising, it is vital to stop groundwater drawdown in aquifers.
Compact homeomorphism groups are profinite
- Authors: Hofmann, Karl , Morris, Sidney
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Topology and its Applications Vol. , no. (), p.
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: If the homeomorphism group H (X) of a Tychonoff space X is compact in the compact open topology, then it is a profinite topological group. © 2012.
Daily kiwifruit consumption did not improve blood pressure and markers of cardiovascular function in men with hypercholesterolemia
- Authors: Gammon, Cheryl , Kruger, Rozanne , Brown, Stephen , Conlon, Cathryn , von Hurst, Pamela , Stonehouse, Welma
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Nutrition Research Vol. 34, no. (2014), p.235-240
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Increasing fruit and vegetable consumption is a key lifestyle modification in the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Kiwifruit has previously been shown to have favorable effects on blood pressure (BP), likely through inhibiting angiotensin I-converting enzyme activity. We hypothesized that the replacement of 2 fruit servings in a healthy diet with 2 green kiwifruit a day would significantly improve BP and other markers of cardiovascular function, including heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance, in a group of hypercholesterolemic men. Using a controlled cross-over study design, 85 subjects completed a 4-week healthy diet run-in period before randomization to one of two 4-week intervention sequences in which they either consumed 2 green kiwifruit a day plus a healthy diet (intervention) or consumed a healthy diet alone (control). Blood pressure and other measures of cardiovascular function (using a Finometer MIDI [Finapres Medical Systems B.V, Amsterdam, The Netherlands] and standard oscillometric device) and anthropometric measurements were taken before and at the end of the treatment periods. A physical activity questionnaire was completed during the last visit. Subjects were found to be predominantly normotensive (43.5%) or prehypertensive (50.6%) and quite physically active (>30 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity/day in >80% subjects). No significant differences were seen for BP or any of the other markers, including heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance. In conclusion, in this hypercholesterolemic, nonhypertensive group, no beneficial effects on BP or other markers of cardiovascular function were seen when consuming 2 kiwifruit a day against the background of a healthy diet.
examples/ERA_2023_Journal_list3.xml
- Type: Journal article
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: The coast of Bangladesh is funnel shaped. The narrowing of the Meghna estuary along with its peculiar topography creates a funneling effect that has a large impact on surge response. In order to have an accurate estimation of surge levels, the impacts of the estuary should be treated with due importance. To represent in detail the real complexities of the estuary, a very high resolution is required, which in turn necessitates more computational cost. Considering the facts into account, a location specific vertically integrated shallow water model in cylindrical polar coordinates is developed in this study to foresee water levels associated with a storm. A one-way nested grid technique is used to incorporate coastal complicities with minimum cost. In specific, a fine mesh scheme (FMS) capable of incorporating coastal complexities with acceptable accuracy is nested into a coarse mesh scheme (CMS) covering up to 15°N latitude in the Bay of Bengal. The coastal and island boundaries are approximated through appropriate stair step representation and the model equations are solved by a conditionally stable semi-implicit finite difference technique using a structured C-grid. Numerical experiments are performed using the model to estimate water levels due to surge associated with the April 1991 and AILA, 2009 cyclones, which struck the coast of Bangladesh. Time series of tidal level is generated from an available tide table through a cubic spline interpolation method. The computed surge response is superimposed linearly with the generated time series of tidal oscillation to obtain the time series of total water levels. The model results exhibit a good agreement with observation and reported data.
examples/ERA_2023_Journal_list3.xml
- Type: Journal article
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: The extensive critical literature on Thomas Piketty's Capital in the Twenty-First Century is surveyed under nine headings. The first deals with the conservative argument that inequality in the distribution of wealth does not matter, since a rising tide lifts all boats. Second, it is claimed that Piketty's prediction of continuously increasing inequality and the return of 'patrimonial capitalism' is unjustified. Third, the quality of the empirical evidence that he cites is questioned, on a number of quite different grounds. Fourth, some critics object that Piketty's explanation of long-run trends in the distribution of wealth is too general and too theoretical. Fifth is the argument that he has used the correct (neoclassical) theory incorrectly, exaggerating the elasticity of substitution of capital for labour. Against this, post-Keynesian critics claim, sixthly, that Piketty is using the wrong theory, and should have drawn on the Kaldor-Pasinetti model of distribution and growth, and not the discredited neoclassical analysis. Seventh, Piketty has been criticised for ignoring the distribution of wealth in developing countries. Eighth, there is a wide range of objections to his most striking policy proposal, for a progressive global wealth tax. Finally, several critics from outside economics complain that Piketty has neglected a number of non-economic dimensions of inequality. I conclude by welcoming both the book and the critical literature, and calling for the distribution of wealth to be placed back on the political agenda.
examples/ERA_2023_Journal_list3.xml
- Type: Journal article
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Monitoring of structures and defining the severity of damages that occur under loading are essential in practical applications of civil infrastructure. In this article, we analyze failure using a smart aggregate sensor–based approach. The signals captured by smart aggregate sensors mounted on the structure under loading are de-noised using wavelet de-noising technique to prevent misdirection of the event interpretation of what is happening in the material. The performance of different mother wavelets on the de-noising process was investigated and analyzed. The objective is to identify the optimal mother wavelet for assessing and potentially reducing the effects of existing noise on signal properties for structural damage detection. In addition, we propose two innovative damage indices, entropy-based dispersion and entropy-based beta, for diagnostic purposes. The proposed entropy-based dispersion damage index is based on the modified wavelet packet tree and root mean square deviation, whereas the entropy-based beta damage index is based on the modified wavelet packet tree and slope of linear regression (beta). In both damage indices, the modified wavelet packet tree uses entropy as a high-level feature. Theoretical and experimental analyses are derived by computing indices on smart aggregate–based sensor data for concrete and reinforced-concrete beams. Validity assessment of the proposed indices was addressed through a comparative analysis with root mean square deviation damage index (benchmark) and the loading history. The proposed indices recognized the cracks faster than other measures and well before major cracking incurs in the structure. This article is expected to be beneficial for smart aggregate–based structural health monitoring applications particularly when damages occurred under loading.