Description:
With the increasing popularity of digital products, there is a strong desire to protect the rights of owners against illegal redistribution. Traditional encryption schemes alone do not provide a comprehensive solution to digital rights management, since they do not prevent users who are authorized to use a digital product for their own use from transferring the cleartext content to unauthorized users. However, traceability schemes can be used to trace the illegitimate redistributors effectively. Two types of traceability schemes have been proposed in the literature - traceability codes (TA codes), and codes with the identifiable parent properties (IPP codes). TA codes are special IPP codes, and many TA codes implement an efficient identification algorithm which can determine at least one redistributor. However, many IPP codes are not TA codes, in which case, no efficient identification algorithms are available. In this paper, we generalize the definition of TA codes to derive a new family of traceability codes that is much larger than the family of traditional TA codes. By using existing decoding algorithms with respect to the Lee distance, an efficient identification algorithm is proposed for generalized TA codes. Furthermore, we show that the identification algorithm of generalized TA codes can find more redistributors than those of traditional TA codes.
Description:
With the increasing popularity of digital products, there is a strong desire to protect the rights of owners against illegal redistribution. Traditional encryption schemes alone do not provide a comprehensive solution to digital rights management, since they do not prevent users who are authorized to use a digital product for their own use from transferring the cleartext content to unauthorized users. However, traceability schemes can be used to trace the illegitimate redistributors effectively. Two types of traceability schemes have been proposed in the literature - traceability codes (TA codes), and codes with the identifiable parent properties (IPP codes). TA codes are special IPP codes, and many TA codes implement an efficient identification algorithm which can determine at least one redistributor. However, many IPP codes are not TA codes, in which case, no efficient identification algorithms are available. In this paper, we generalize the definition of TA codes to derive a new family of traceability codes that is much larger than the family of traditional TA codes. By using existing decoding algorithms with respect to the Lee distance, an efficient identification algorithm is proposed for generalized TA codes. Furthermore, we show that the identification algorithm of generalized TA codes can find more redistributors than those of traditional TA codes.
Description:
Gaussian mixture models (GMM) is used to represent the dynamic background in a surveillance video to detect the moving objects automatically. All the existing GMM based techniques inherently use the proportion by which a pixel is going to observe the background in any operating environment. In this paper we first show that such a proportion not only varies widely across different scenarios but also forbids using very fast learning rate. We then propose a dynamic background generation technique in conjunction with basic background subtraction which detected moving objects with improved stability and superior detection quality on a wide range of operating environments in two sets of benchmark surveillance sequences.
Description:
In this paper we summarize our proposed methodology for dynamic reconfiguration of telecommunication networks. This procedure is implemented to achieve network recovery in the case of any failure in the network. We also outline a brief description of path analysis techniques that are considered in the rerouting of Origin-Destination traffic flows and address how these methods are used in the implementation of proposed algorithm
Description:
In this paper we summarize our proposed methodology for dynamic reconfiguration of telecommunication networks. This procedure is implemented to achieve network recovery in the case of any failure in the network. We also outline a brief description of path analysis techniques that are considered in the rerouting of Origin-Destination traffic flows and address how these methods are used in the implementation of proposed algorithm
Description:
Multiobjective reinforcement learning (MORL) extends RL to problems with multiple conflicting objectives. This paper argues for designing MORL systems to produce a set of solutions approximating the Pareto front, and shows that the common MORL technique of scalarisation has fundamental limitations when used to find Pareto-optimal policies. The work is supported by the presentation of three new MORL benchmarks with known Pareto fronts.
Description:
In this paper, we propose an algorithm that produces the complete test set (CTS) of a reversible circuit for Single stuck-at fault (SSF) and multiple-stuck-at fault (MSF) models. Our algorithm works only for an important subclass of reversible circuits - the circuits consisting of k-CNOT gates (k ges 2) though, any n-wire circuit having 0-CNOT or 1-CNOT gates can be converted to a (n + 2) wire circuit having only k-CNOT gates with k ges 2 with some additional hardware cost. Generated complete test set is not necessarily optimal, but minimizing the size of the complete test set is our key concern. Finally we provide some experimental results for the proposed method and compare it with existing methods to show how it outperforms almost all of the existing algorithms in terms of number of elements of CTS but is outperformed by some of the existing ones in terms of hardware cost.
Description:
Very low bit-rate video coding algorithms using content-based generated patterns to segment out moving regions at macroblock level have exhibited good potential for improved coding efficiency when embedded into the H.264 standard as extra mode. This content-based pattern generation (CPG) algorithm provides local optimal result as only one pattern can be optimally generated from a given set of moving regions. But, it failed to provide optimal results for multiple patterns from entire sets. Obviously, a global optimal solution for clustering the set and then generation of multiple patterns enhances the performance farther. But a global optimal solution is not achievable due to the non-polynomial nature of the clustering problem. In this paper, we proposed a near optimal content-based pattern generation (OCPG) algorithm which outperforms the existing approach. Coupling OCPG, generating a set of patterns after clustering the macroblocks into several disjoint sets, with direct pattern selection algorithm by allowing all the macroblocks in multiple pattern modes outperforms the existing pattern-based coding while both embedded into the H.264.
Description:
There are many improvements to operation that can be made to a water distribution system once it has been constructed and placed in ground. Pipes and associated storages and pumps are typically designed to meet average peak daily demands, offer some capacity for growth, and also allow for some deterioration of performance over time. However, the 'as constructed' performance of the pipeline is invariably different to what was designed on paper, and this is particularly so for anything other than design flows, such as during times of water restrictions when there are significantly reduced flows. Because of this, there remain significant benefits to owners and operators for the adaptive and global optimisation of such systems. The present paper uses the Ouyen subsystem of the Northern Mallee Pipeline, in Victoria, as a case study for the development of an optimisation model. This has been done with the intent of using this model to reduce costs and provide better service to customers on this system. The Ouyen subsystem consists of 1600 km of trunk and distribution pipeline servicing an area of 456,000 Ha. The system includes 2 fixed speed pumps diverting water from the Murray River at Liparoo into two 150 ML balancing storages at Ouyen, 4 variable speed pumps feeding water from the balancing storages into the pipeline system, 2 variable speed pressure booster pumps and 5 town balancing storages. When considering all these components of the system, power consumption becomes an important part of the overall operation. The present paper considers a global optimisation model to minimise power consumption while maintaining reasonable performance of the system. The main components of the model are described including the network structure and the costs functions associated with the system. The final model presents the cost functions associated with the pump scheduling, including the penalties descriptions associated with maintaining appropriate storages levels and pressure bounds within the water distribution network.
Description:
Obstacles present in the line of sight transmission path of a wireless signal severely attenuates the received signal power. Extreme fluctuations of the received signal power caused by shadowing can create "blind spots". Blind spots are areas within the cellular coverage area from where no communication is possible to the base station (BS). For single path packet based services link failures results in total loss of communication. The problem of link failure and blind spots can almost be eliminated in the recently proposed multipath cellular architecture (MCA) which provisions up to three different communication links from the mobile node (MN) to three adjacent BSs through overlapped coverage. Voice and/or multimedia packet delivery can thus benefit by establishing communication from the best interface in terms of received signal power. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of the multi-path MCA model in reducing link failure and blind spot communication problems in presence of multiple obstacles and shadow fading. Obstacle mobility model is utilized as the preferred user mobility model. Video transmission performance improves significantly in terms of reduced packet loss and improved reproduced signal quality at the receiver for the multipath MCA model compared to the existing single path cellular network architecture
Description:
This paper explores the connections between place-based learning and opportunities for fostering multidimensional citizenship and recognition of difference. The paper is based on longitudinal research exploring the kinds of field sites selected for children’s learning. Findings suggested that these selected places tended to be high status sites chosen as places unlikely to raise contentious issues. The paper draws upon research and literature in the fields of cultural and social geography as well as civic and citizenship education in considering the ramifications of such decisions for multidimensional citizenship in the contemporary world. Some of the reasons shaping these choices are introduced; the limitations of such fieldwork choices are also highlighted. The paper suggests an alternative vision for place-based learning which is associated with recognition of place and space as contested, globally connected and always being negotiated. The implications are discussed in connection with specific sites in a regional Australian city. The locations considered in this paper are selected as generic kinds of places and spaces. The pedagogical potential for learning in similar kinds of sites in other contexts is considered.
Description:
The value of festivals is recognised in UNESCO’s Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (2003), which has identified the expression of culture through festivals as part of humanity’s intangible heritage. An underlying concern behind the Convention is that there are living but endangered traditions of cultural practices, endangered because of the pace and magnitude of changes in the contemporary world, and more specifically because of the processes of globalisation. As has been discussed in a variety of arenas, as we become more connected, two contradictory impulses arise; first, the sense that there is an increasing homogenisation of culture, one often characterised in terms of a Westernisation or even Americanisation of culture; and second, that in response to these globalising pressures, there is a strong desire to retain particular group identities, be that at a regional, national, or subnational levels. UNESCO’s focus on people and their knowledge and skills is one response to globalisation’s impact on vulnerable communities. Yet, as anthropologist Barbara Kirshenblatt-Gimblett points out, UNESCO’s definition of intangible cultural heritage does keep alive the “division between the West and the rest” [1]. While not suggesting that we disregard the often traumatic impact of globalisation, nor the need to assist people in maintaining their cultural traditions, we do need to recognise that culture is not an essential and unchanging thing, neither is it something only those outside the West have.
Description:
Following the Great War of 1914-1918 thousands of memorials were established across the world to justify mass death, to provide for personal mourning, bereavement and honouring of the soldiers. While the memorials retain their function in remembrance of the Great War, they also are increasingly important for a range of visitors, including tourists. The red Flanders poppy was used by the post war generation as a sign for resurrection and remembrance and to help people deal with the death of their loved ones. Today the red poppy has taken on several new uses for tourism in local areas on the Somme, such as directing tourists along a Poppy Trail and indicating the relative interest level of different sites. The research described here considers the contemporary use of the poppy by tourism in the area around the small town of Pozieres on the Somme, France. The research indicates that tourism has potential to change the focus of visitors towards larger monuments and away from smaller sites, in ways that do not necessarily reflect the original meanings of remembrance and commemoration for which the memorials were built. On the other hand, tourism can assist visitors in accessing memorials, museums and other sites of which they have previously been unaware.
Description:
This study predicts whether it is best to buy, hold or sell shares (trading signals) of the All Share Price Index (ASPI) of the Colombo Stock Exchange, using a modified neural network (NN) algorithm. Most commonly used classification techniques are not successful in predicting trading signals when the distribution of the actual trading signals, among these three classes, is imbalanced. The structure of this modified neural network is same as that of feedforward neural networks. This algorithm minimises a modified Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) error function. An adjustment relating to the contribution from the historical data used for training the networks, and penalisation of incorrectly classified trading signals were accounted for, when modifying the OLS function. A global optimization algorithm was employed to train these networks. Results obtained were satisfactory.
Description:
Knowledge Based Systems (KBS) are highly successful in classification and diagnostics situations; however, they are generally unable to identify specific values for prediction problems. When used for prediction they either use some form of uncertainty reasoning or use a classification style inference where each class is a discrete predictive value instead. This paper applies a hybrid algorithm that allows an expert’s knowledge to be adapted to provide continuous values to solve prediction problems. The method applied to prediction in this paper is built on the already established Multiple Classification Ripple-Down Rules (MCRDR) approach and is referred to as Rated MCRDR (RM). The method is published in a parallel paper in this workshop titled Generalisation with Symbolic Knowledge in Online Classification. Results indicate a strong propensity to quickly adapt and provide accurate predictions.
Description:
Knowledge Based Systems (KBS) are highly successful in classification and diagnostics situations; however, they are generally unable to identify specific values for prediction problems. When used for prediction they either use some form of uncertainty reasoning or use a classification style inference where each class is a discrete predictive value instead. This paper applies a hybrid algorithm that allows an expert’s knowledge to be adapted to provide continuous values to solve prediction problems. The method applied to prediction in this paper is built on the already established Multiple Classification Ripple-Down Rules (MCRDR) approach and is referred to as Rated MCRDR (RM). The method is published in a parallel paper in this workshop titled Generalisation with Symbolic Knowledge in Online Classification. Results indicate a strong propensity to quickly adapt and provide accurate predictions.
Description:
Current approaches for the design of Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) systems involve the replication of Alternative Dispute Resolution practices such as mediation and negotiation. Though such systems have been found to be popular, there are concerns that these systems fail to take into account judicial practices. In this paper a system that supports disputants' decisions making when engaged in an online dispute is advanced. The system, Re-Consider, is an Australia Family Law ODR system, that is based on judicial reasoning modelled with Bayesian belief networks and provides disputants with decision support in the dispute. It is believed that this approach provides disputants with an online resolution process that will help them to reach outcomes that take judicial practices into account and presents a step toward more deliberative form of online dispute resolution.
Description:
Current approaches for the design of Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) systems involve the replication of Alternative Dispute Resolution practices such as mediation and negotiation. Though such systems have been found to be popular, there are concerns that these systems fail to take into account judicial practices. In this paper a system that supports disputants' decisions making when engaged in an online dispute is advanced. The system, Re-Consider, is an Australia Family Law ODR system, that is based on judicial reasoning modelled with Bayesian belief networks and provides disputants with decision support in the dispute. It is believed that this approach provides disputants with an online resolution process that will help them to reach outcomes that take judicial practices into account and presents a step toward more deliberative form of online dispute resolution.