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Challenging court landscapes and opportunities for change

- Camilleri, Marg, Harkness, Alistair

  • Authors: Camilleri, Marg , Harkness, Alistair
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Australian Courts : controversies, challenges and change Chapter 16 p. 367-390
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  • Description: Courts are complex institutions which must constantly adjust to ensure that they are fulfilling their responsibilities to defendants, victims, witnesses, society and others who enter court spaces either virtually or physically. Courts must also manage their relationships with other agencies (whether justice or community) on whom they rely. Courts face an array of challenges in contemporary Australia, including the COVID-19 pandemic which has necessitated courts to pivot from inherently complex systems which are primarily public facing to virtual spaces which must continue to maintain the rule of law and to be open, transparent and subject to scrutiny. This chapter considers other challenges, too, which various courts and those who work in, with or appear before are facing. It assesses a suite of potential micro and macro reforms, advocating for ongoing systemic and structural change.

Changes in grit and psychological capital at the time of major crisis : nursing students' perseverance, resources, and resilience

- Terry, Daniel, Peck, Blake, Biangone, Marianne

  • Authors: Terry, Daniel , Peck, Blake , Biangone, Marianne
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship Vol. 20, no. 1 (2023), p.
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  • Description: Objectives: To examine changes in grit and psychological capital among nursing students prior to, during the height of the pandemic, and more than 12 months after the initial pandemic announcement. Methods: A cross-sectional study design addressed the aim of the study. Nursing students undertaking a three-year baccalaureate degree between 2019 and 2021 were included. Results: Mean grit levels among the n=818 unique student participants were significantly lower in 2020 than in 2019 and 2021; however, no significant difference was detected for psychological capital over the same period. Conclusions: Although normative day-to-day challenges may aid grit development, a major event has a negative impact yet has a buffering effect of negative life events at the time of a crisis. The study further placates that psychological capital remains malleable and open to change at the time of a crisis and may be an essential mechanism to mediate grit and has the capacity to influence student performance over time. It remains essential to develop grit through the mediating elements of psychological capital to enable nursing student to undertake academic studies, particularly in the event of major challenges, such approaches may further enable students' endurance to withstand major crises as they enter the workforce. © 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.

Citizen science and natural resource management : a social network analysis of two community-based water monitoring programs

- Bonney, Patrick, Hansen, Birgita, Baldwin, Claudia

  • Authors: Bonney, Patrick , Hansen, Birgita , Baldwin, Claudia
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Society and Natural Resources Vol. 36, no. 6 (2023), p. 600-621
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  • Description: In natural resource management contexts, citizen science programs often involve a diversity of actors collaborating in broad social networks. However, the characteristics and functioning of these networks has received limited attention. In this article, we demonstrate the benefits of applying social network research to citizen science practice. Through a mixed methods approach, we compare data sharing and collaboration networks of two community-based water monitoring programs in Australia. The quantitative component revealed that despite similarities in actor diversity and activities, both programs have created divergent network structures (centralized vs decentralized) corresponding to their scale of influence in environmental decision-making (regional vs local impacts). The qualitative component showed how individuals navigated their relationships and managed key tensions inherent to network functioning. This study provides new insights on the role of social networks in citizen science and concludes by recommending program leaders adopt a “networking mindset” to maximize their sphere of influence. © 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Classification of Twitter users with eating disorder engagement : learning from the biographies

- Abuhassan, Mohammad, Anwar, Tarique, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew, Jarman, Hannah, Shatte, Adrian, Liu, Chengfei, Sukunesan, Suku

  • Authors: Abuhassan, Mohammad , Anwar, Tarique , Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew , Jarman, Hannah , Shatte, Adrian , Liu, Chengfei , Sukunesan, Suku
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Computers in Human Behavior Vol. 140, no. (2023), p.
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  • Description: Individuals with an Eating Disorder (ED) are typically reluctant to seek help via traditional means (e.g., psychologists). However, recent evidence suggests that many individuals seek assistance via social media for weight and diet related concerns. Sophisticated approaches are needed to better distinguish those who may be in need of help for an ED from those who are simply commenting on ED in online social environments. In order to facilitate effective communication between individuals with or at-risk of an ED and healthcare professionals, this research exploits a deep learning model to differentiate the users with ED engagement (e.g., ED sufferers, healthcare professionals or communicators) over social media. For this purpose, a collection of Twitter data is compiled using Twitter application programming interface (API) on the Australian Research Data Commons (ARDC) Nectar research cloud. After collecting 1,400,000 Twitter biographies in total, a subset of 4000 biographies are annotated manually. This annotation enables the differentiation of users engaged with ED-focused language on social media into five categories: ED-user, healthcare professional, communicator, healthcare professional-communicator, and other. Based on these annotated categories, a predictive deep learning model based on bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) and long short-term memory (LSTM) is developed. The model achieves an F1 score of 98.19% and an accuracy of 98.37%. It demonstrates the viability of detecting the individuals with possible ED risk and distinguishes them from other categories using their biography data. We further conducted a network analysis for investigating the communication network between these categories. Our analysis shows that ED-users are more secretive and self-protective, whereas the healthcare professionals and communicators frequently interact with each other and a wide range of other people. To the best of our knowledge, our research is the first of its kind for identifying the different user categories engaged with ED-focused communications on social media. © 2022

Climate-driven animal mass mortality events : is there a role for scavengers?

- Barton, Philip, Reboldi, Anna, Bonat, Stefanie, Mateo-Tomás, Patricia, Newsome, Thomas

  • Authors: Barton, Philip , Reboldi, Anna , Bonat, Stefanie , Mateo-Tomás, Patricia , Newsome, Thomas
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Environmental conservation Vol. 50, no. 1 (2023), p. 1-6
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  • Description: Summary Animal mass mortality events (MMEs) will increase with weather and climate extremes. MMEs can add significant stress to ecosystems through extraordinary nutrient pulses or contribute to potential disease transmission risks. Given their efficient removal of carrion biomass from landscapes, we argue here for the potential of scavenger guilds to be a key nature-based solution to mitigating MME effects. However, we caution that scavenger guilds alone will not be a silver bullet. It is critical for further research to identify how the composition of scavenger guilds and the magnitude of MMEs will determine when scavengers will buffer the impacts of such events on ecosystems and when intervention might be required. Some MMEs are too large for scavengers to remove efficiently, and there is a risk of MMEs subsidizing pest species, altering nutrient cycling or leading to disease spread. Prioritizing native scavenger taxa in conservation management policies may help to boost ecosystem resilience through preserving their key ecological services. This should be part of a multi-pronged approach to MME mitigation that combines scavenger conservation with practices such as carcass dispersal or removal when exceeding a threshold quantity. Policymakers are urged to identify such thresholds and to recognize both the insects and the vertebrate scavengers that could act as allies for mitigating the emerging problem of climate-driven MMEs.

Clinically prioritized data visualization in remote patient monitoring

- Arora, Teena, Balasubramanian, Venki, Stranieri, Andrew, Neupane, Arun

Clinician perspectives of the evidence underpinning suicide risk assessment : a mixed methods study

- Grant, Kellie, Whitwam, Louisa, Martin, Jennifer, White, Jennifer, Haines, Terry

  • Authors: Grant, Kellie , Whitwam, Louisa , Martin, Jennifer , White, Jennifer , Haines, Terry
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Australian Social Work Vol. 76, no. 4 (2023), p. 562-574
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  • Description: In recent years, suicide risk assessment has become the subject of a vigorous academic debate, due in part to several meta-analyses that have cast doubt on the accuracy of risk categorisation. Little is known about how clinicians make sense of this academic debate. However, it is anticipated that it may pose a tension due to organisational expectations that multidisciplinary health professionals, including social workers, assess and manage suicide risk. As part of a larger mixed methods study to be reported elsewhere, we conducted a qualitative study aiming to explore clinician perspectives on the evidence underpinning suicide risk assessment before and after being presented with the results of two meta-analyses. Findings highlight three modes of reasoning: academic, emotive, and experiential. Perceptions of accuracy of assessing suicide risk at baseline interviews and after hearing the evidence were influenced by heuristics and cognitive biases. IMPLICATIONS Mental health practitioners, including social workers, employed in mental health settings may be more likely to use experiential reasoning to inform their practice in suicide risk assessment. Social work practitioners in general health settings may be more likely to use academic reasoning when making decisions about suicide risk assessment. Further research is required on how social workers and other mental health professionals can best respond to the crisis of suicide. © 2021 Australian Association of Social Workers.

Co-slagging characteristics of coal and biomass ashes considering entrained flow slagging gasifier

- Shahabuddin, M., Bhattacharya, Sankar, Srivatsa, Srikanth

  • Authors: Shahabuddin, M. , Bhattacharya, Sankar , Srivatsa, Srikanth
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery Vol. 13, no. 3 (2023), p. 1681-1690
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  • Description: This study systematically investigated the co-slagging characteristics of high-rank coal and biomass ashes considering entrained flow slagging gasifier. Despite favourable performance parameters, coal might not be feasible for entrained flow gasification because of not forming slag within the gasifier operating temperature (1200–1500 °C). To overcome this issue, co-gasification can be a potential solution, which simultaneously helps to reduce the carbon footprint and environmental impact. Hence, this study studied the feasibility of co-gasification of coal and biomass by testing co-slagging behaviour of bituminous coal and pine park biomass ashes. The slag viscosity is measured using a Brookfield DV-III Ultra rheometer coupled with a high-temperature furnace. Results show that pure coal ash does not form slag using the maximum furnace temperature of 1670 °C. However, co-slagging by 50/50 (wt./wt.) ratio of coal and biomass ash (PB50) significantly drops the slagging temperature due to the higher fluxing agents (i.e. CaO) in biomass ash. The temperature of critical viscosity was determined to be 1390 °C using PB50 ash, which maintained the maximum industrial viscosity limit of 25 Pa s up to the temperature of 1360 °C. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE part of Springer Nature.

Cognitive AmBC-NOMA IoV-MTS networks with IQI : reliability and security analysis

- Li, Xingwang, Zheng, Yike, Alshehri, Mohammad, Hai, Linpeng, Balasubramanian, Venki, Zeng, Ming, Nie, Gaofeng

  • Authors: Li, Xingwang , Zheng, Yike , Alshehri, Mohammad , Hai, Linpeng , Balasubramanian, Venki , Zeng, Ming , Nie, Gaofeng
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems Vol. 24, no. 2 (2023), p. 2596-2607
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  • Description: Internet-of-Vehicle (IoV) enabled Maritime Transportation Systems (MTS) communication is anticipated to support ultra-reliable and low latency, diverse quality-of-service (QoS) and large-scale connectivities. To meet such stringent demands, a cognitive ambient backscatter non-orthogonal multiple access (C-AmBC-NOMA) IoV-MTS network is proposed. We explore the reliable and secure performance of the proposed C-AmBC-NOMA IoV-MTS network with in-phase and quadrature phase imbalance (IQI) at radio-frequency (RF) front-ends and the existence of an eavesdropper. In particular, the analytical expressions on the outage probability (OP) and intercept probability (IP) are obtained after a series of calculations. For a deeper understanding, we discuss the asymptotic behavior of OPs in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region, the diversity orders of OPs, and IPs in the high main-to-eavesdropper ratio (MER) regime. The results of Monte-Carlo simulation and a series of corresponding theoretical analysis show that: i) As the SNR approaches infinity, the OPs tend to be fixed non-negative values, indicating that the diversity orders of the OPs have error floors; ii) When the MER approaches infinity, the IPs of legitimate users decrease continuously, while the IP of backscatter device (BD) increases; iii) Compared with the system performance under ideal condition, the system performance is less reliable under IQI condition, but the security performance is enhanced; iv) By carefully selecting the system parameters, a trade-off can be achieved between reliability and security. © 2000-2011 IEEE.

Collecting data for equity and justice: approaches and methods for collecting sex and gender data

- Arora, Aparna, Brindaalakshmi, K., Kutch, Bren, Rydergaard, Erika, van der Merwe, Leigh, Zavros-Orr, Agli

  • Authors: Arora, Aparna , Brindaalakshmi, K. , Kutch, Bren , Rydergaard, Erika , van der Merwe, Leigh , Zavros-Orr, Agli
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Handbook of Research on Exploring Gender Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion Through an Intersectional Lens Chapter 12 p. 236-263
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  • Description: This chapter seeks to address the challenge of collecting data about individual and interpersonal experiences of sex and gender to advance justice and equity in a context where gender and sex classifications have been used to erase and subdue non-conforming identities. The authors outline the field of previous studies on the topic, then illustrate the need for data collection with a human rights approach illustrated by case studies from three geographical contexts. First, the importance of accurate and just data for equitable access to public services is highlighted through a case study of transgender inclusion in public data in India. Second, the importance of collecting data with communities is illustrated through the example of a feminist association of transgender women based in South Africa. Finally, the authors provide ideas for designing data collection instruments, illustrated through changes in the Australian data collection standards initiated by advocacy and activist groups. © 2023 by IGI Global.

Common high-speed running thresholds likely do not correspond to high-speed running in field sports

- Freeman, Brock, Talpey, Scott, James, Lachlan, Opar, David, Young, Warren

  • Authors: Freeman, Brock , Talpey, Scott , James, Lachlan , Opar, David , Young, Warren
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research Vol. 37, no. 7 (2023), p. 1411-1418
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  • Description: The purpose of this study was to clarify what percentage of maximum speed is associated with various running gaits. Fifteen amateur field sport athletes (age = 23 ± 3.6 years) participated in a series of 55-meter running trials. The speed of each trial was determined by instructions relating to 5 previously identified gait patterns (jog, run, stride, near maximum sprint, and sprint). Each trial was filmed in slow motion (240 fps), whereas running speed was obtained using Global Positioning Systems. Contact time, stride angle, and midstance free-leg knee angle were determined from video footage. Running gaits corresponded with the following running speeds, jogging = 4.51 m·s-1, 56%Vmax, running = 5.41 m·s-1, 66%Vmax,striding = 6.37 m·s-1, 78%Vmax, near maximum sprinting = 7.08 m·s-1, 87%Vmax, and sprinting = 8.15 m·s-1, 100%Vmax. Significant (p < 0.05) increases in stride angle were observed as running speed increased. Significant (p < 0.05) decreases were observed in contact time and midstance free-leg knee angle as running speed increased. These findings suggest currently used thresholds for high-speed running (HSR) and sprinting most likely correspond with jogging and striding, which likely underestimates the true HSR demands. Therefore, a higher relative speed could be used to describe HSR and sprinting more accurately in field sports. © 2023 NSCA National Strength and Conditioning Association. All rights reserved.

Comparing catastrophes : the influence of impacts and timelines on prioritising crises

- Gell, Peter

  • Authors: Gell, Peter
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: AIP Conference Proceedings Vol. 2683, no. 1 (2023), p. 030001
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  • Description: Across time society has been confronted with a wide range of crises that have required measured responses. The COVID-19 pandemic was widely forecast, but governmental preparation was lacking. Even when it was spreading, its risks to society were downplayed in some quarters. The climate change crisis has also been widely forecast, and preparation has been slow, with vested interests also denying the science or downplaying the risk. The pandemic is an acute crisis with rapid onset and highly visible impacts on human life and wellbeing. Through vaccine technology, however, there is a short term and likely effective management measure available. Climate change is a diffuse crisis with long lead times. In contrast to Covid, it has momentum and, once thresholds are exceeded, measures to reverse the change will have limited effectiveness. While the implications of carbonising our atmosphere were known over 50 years ago, the socio-economic response is only now taking hold. The slow nature of this crisis has subdued the political response, and the Earth is now committed to considerable impacts, even if we collectively act decisively now. The gradual nature of this crisis, its opaque direct impacts on humanity, and the scale of its complexity render it a ‘wicked’ problem that will persist through this century and beyond. Scenarios of impact across multiple quarters assure us that the costs of unabated climate change will result in a global scale crisis, played out in many individual locations for many decades. Aware of this, society is already investing in adapting to the changes that are foreseen while also beginning the process of mitigating carbon emissions to limit the scale of the challenge. In some places, this may mean preparing economies for drier climates, while in others, it may mean a managed retreat from the present coastline. Providing refuge from heatwaves will be a widespread adaptation measure. For nature, its capacity to adapt will be strengthened if the pressure from humans is also mitigated.

Comprehensive analysis of feature extraction techniques and runtime performance evaluation for phishing detection

- Nath, Subrata, Islam, Mohammad, Chowdhury, Abdullahi, Rashid, Mohammad, Islam, Maheen, Jabid, Taskeed, Naha, Ranesh

Conceptualising social media addiction: a longitudinal network analysis of social media addiction symptoms and their relationships with psychological distress in a community sample of adults

- Tullett-Prado, Deon, Doley, Jo, Zarate, Daniel, Gomez, Rapson, Stavropoulos, Vasileios

  • Authors: Tullett-Prado, Deon , Doley, Jo , Zarate, Daniel , Gomez, Rapson , Stavropoulos, Vasileios
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: BMC Psychiatry Vol. 23, no. 1 (2023), p.
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  • Description: Background: Problematic social media use has been identified as negatively impacting psychological and everyday functioning and has been identified as a possible behavioural addiction (social media addiction; SMA). Whether SMA can be classified as a distinct behavioural addiction has been debated within the literature, with some regarding SMA as a premature pathologisation of ordinary social media use behaviour and suggesting there is little evidence for its use as a category of clinical concern. This study aimed to understand the relationship between proposed symptoms of SMA and psychological distress and examine these over time in a longitudinal network analysis, in order better understand whether SMA warrants classification as a unique pathology unique from general distress. Method: N = 462 adults (M age = 30.8, SD age = 9.23, 69.3% males, 29% females, 1.9% other sex or gender) completed measures of social media addiction (Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale), and psychological distress (DASS-21) at two time points, twelve months apart. Data were analysed using network analysis (NA) to explore SMA symptoms and psychological distress. Specifically, NA allows to assess the ‘influence’ and pathways of influence of each symptom in the network both cross-sectionally at each time point, as well as over time. Results: SMA symptoms were found to be stable cross-sectionally over time, and were associated with, yet distinct, from, depression, anxiety and stress. The most central symptoms within the network were tolerance and mood-modification in terms of expected influence and closeness respectively. Depression symptoms appeared to have less of a formative effect on SMA symptoms than anxiety and stress. Conclusions: Our findings support the conceptualisation of SMA as a distinct construct occurring based on an underpinning network cluster of behaviours and a distinct association between SMA symptoms and distress. Further replications of these findings, however, are needed to strengthen the evidence for SMA as a unique behavioural addiction. © 2023, The Author(s).

Confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling of the factor structure of the Social Thoughts and Beliefs Scale (STABS)

- Gomez, Rapson, Stavropoulos, Vasileios, Watson, Shaun, Brown, Taylor

  • Authors: Gomez, Rapson , Stavropoulos, Vasileios , Watson, Shaun , Brown, Taylor
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Advances in Psychology Research Chapter 3 p. 55-76
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  • Description: The Social Thoughts and Beliefs Scale (STABS) is a valuable tool often used in clinical practice involving social anxiety. However, it is argued that the factor structure of the STABS has yet to be clearly established. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the factor structure of the STABS using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM). Firstly, comparing the first-order CFA, ESEM, bifactor CFA (BCFA), and bifactor ESEM (BESEM) models with group/specific factors for social comparison (SC) and social ineptness (SI). Participants were 329 individuals (males = 109, females = 220), aged between 18 and 71 years, from the general community. While the ESEM, BCFA, and BESEM models with group/specific factors for SC and SI showed adequate fit, the specific factors in the BCFA and BESEM models were poorly defined in these models, relative to the ESEM model. There was support for the internal consistency reliabilities (omega) and external validities of the factors in the ESEM model. Thus, the ESEM model with specific factors for SC and SI was selected as the preferred model. The practical implications and revisions of the STABS are discussed. © 2023 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.

Connecting with lines of flight : reviewing texts of influence

- Jukes, Scott

  • Authors: Jukes, Scott
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Learning to confront ecological precarity : engaging with more-than-human worlds Chapter 2 p. 21-31
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  • Description: This chapter is split into two parts. Part One explores Stewart’s (2020) book, Developing place-responsive pedagogy in outdoor environmental education: A rhizomatic curriculum autobiography as a point of departure in my own rethinking of pedagogy and curriculum. The book travels his 20+ year journey of practicing/researching place-responsive OEE within south-eastern Australian, drawing upon Deleuzo-Guattarian philosophy. I open discussions on this book as it is one that has been influential for me, before I segue into part two. Part two emerges from my experiences in the 2019/2020 Australian summer. Two things of note happened, bushfires ravaged the east coast of Australia and I read Jamie Mcphie’s (2019) Mental health and wellbeing in the Anthropocene: A posthuman inquiry. This part of the book is a situated essay focusing on Mcphie’s book as a tool to think with. I found it offered me generative ways of thinking differently about the environment and climate induced events such as the fires. I discuss Mcphie’s book and its relevance for environmental education researchers, including the many conceptual and methodological possibilities it provides (which I put to work myself later). © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Contemporary Christian Music and Contemporary Worship Music

- Abraham, Ibrahim

  • Authors: Abraham, Ibrahim
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: The Routledge International Handbook of Sociology and Christianity Chapter 19 p. 242-253
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  • Description: This chapter offers a critical overview of sociological aspects of and approaches to contemporary Christian music (CCM) and contemporary worship music (CWM), two related genres of abidingly evangelical popular music in which contemporary Christianity engages the spectacular capacities of consumer capitalism. Identifying CCM as musically diverse, yet united by the shifting values of American evangelicalism, and recognizing CWM as a sophisticated congregational practice increasingly integrated into the everyday lives of listeners, this chapter analyzes tensions and contestations in these cultural forms. It also identifies important theoretical concepts pertinent to the study of CCM and CWM: Emile Durkheim’s concept of collective effervescence, Theodor Adorno’s critique of the culture industry, approaches to music-based subcultures, and Christopher Small’s musicking paradigm. © 2024 selection and editorial matter, Dennis Hiebert; individual chapters, the contributors.

Context and controversies of Australian Courts

- Camilleri, Marg, Harkness, Alistair

  • Authors: Camilleri, Marg , Harkness, Alistair
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Australian Courts: Controversies, Challenges and Change Chapter 1 p. 1-18
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  • Description: As with most criminal justice systems internationally, the Australian system is not immune from controversy-both historically and contemporaneously. The arrival of the First Fleet in 1788 imposed monumental and ongoing systemic change for First Nations peoples, the impacts of which remain. This chapter is divided into two parts. The first charts the development of courts within the Australian criminal justice system, both historically and theoretically. The second identifies controversies which exist across various Australian court jurisdictions. A critical role of a justice system is to ensure fair and equitable access to all its systems and processes. To this end, five critical matters can be considered when contemplating access to the courts: (i) access to and financial imposts of legal representation; (ii) physical infrastructure; (iii) access to rehabilitation options; (iv) justice delays; and (v) participatory justice. © The Editor(s)(if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.

Corrosion and coating defect assessment of Coal Handling and Preparation Plants (CHPP) using an ensemble of deep convolutional neural networks and decision-level data fusion

- Yu, Yang, Hoshyar, Azadeh, Samali, Bijan, Zhang, Guang, Rashidi, Maria, Mohammadi, Masoud

  • Authors: Yu, Yang , Hoshyar, Azadeh , Samali, Bijan , Zhang, Guang , Rashidi, Maria , Mohammadi, Masoud
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Neural Computing and Applications Vol. 35, no. 25 (2023), p. 18697-18718
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  • Description: In view of the problems of ineffective feature extraction and low detection accuracy in existing detection system, this study presents a novel machine vision-based approach composed of an ensemble of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and improved Dempster-Shafer (D-S) theory-based data fusion to evaluate corrosion and coating defect of coal handling and preparation plants. To start with, the structural surface image is sent to each transferred CNN for initial defect identification. Then, an improved D-S fusion algorithm is proposed to combine the identification results from different CNNs, which are vectors consisting of statistical indicators of all the potential damage severity categories. The decision-level fusion of different CNNs can effectively improve image classification. To validate the performance of the proposed method, a dataset made of 3593 surface images with different defect severities captured from mining infrastructure in field is established together with data augmentation. The validation result demonstrates that the proposed method is able to effectively improve the recognition accuracy of defect severity and reduce the wrong recognition rate. Finally, the robustness of the proposed approach is also appraised by polluting the images with different types and intensities of noise, with satisfactory results. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature.

COVID-19 and the welfare state : social work’s practice and policy

- Noble, Carolyn, Ottmann, Goetz