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A data reporting protocol with revocable anonymous authentication for edge-assisted intelligent transport systems

- Wang, Yanping, Wang, Xiaofen, Dai, Hong-Ning, Zhang, Xiaosong, Imran, Muhammad

  • Authors: Wang, Yanping , Wang, Xiaofen , Dai, Hong-Ning , Zhang, Xiaosong , Imran, Muhammad
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics Vol. 19, no. 6 (2023), p. 7835-7847
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  • Description: Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) have received growing attention recently driven by technical advances in Industrial Internet of Vehicles (IIoV). In IIoV, vehicles report traffic data to management infrastructures to achieve better ITS services. To ensure security and privacy, many anonymous authentication-enabled data reporting protocols are proposed. However, these protocols usually require a large number of preloaded pseudonyms or involve a costly and irrevocable group signature. Thus, they are not ready for realistic deployment due to large storage overhead, expensive computation costs, or absence of malicious users' revocation. To address these issues, we present a novel data reporting protocol for edge-assisted ITS in this paper, where the traffic data is sent to distributed edge nodes for local processing. Specifically, we propose a new anonymous authentication scheme fine-tuned to fulfill the needs of vehicular data reporting, which allows authenticated vehicles to report unlimited unlinkable messages to edge nodes without huge pseudonyms download and storage costs. Moreover, we designed an efficient certificate update scheme based on a bivariate polynomial function. In this way, malicious vehicles can be revoked with time complexity O(1). The security analysis demonstrates that our protocol satisfies source authentication, anonymity, unlinkability, traceability, revocability, nonframeability, and nonrepudiation. Further, extensive simulation results show that the performance of our protocol is greatly improved since the signature size is reduced by at least 8%, the computation costs in message signing and verification are reduced by at least 56% and 67%, respectively, and the packet loss rate is reduced by at least 14%. © 2005-2012 IEEE.

A health justice partnership for young people : strategies for program promotion to young people and youth workers

- Ollerenshaw, Alison, Camilleri, Margaret

  • Authors: Ollerenshaw, Alison , Camilleri, Margaret
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Australian Journal of Primary Health Vol. 29, no. 5 (2023), p. 422-427
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  • Description: Health justice partnerships (HJP) are innovative models for delivering integrated health and legal services to people experiencing complex issues. An HJP was established in regional Victoria, Australia, for young people. Promoting the program to young people and workers was essential for program uptake. There is a dearth of published information about strategies that support program promotion for young people and workers. In this practice and innovation paper, three promotional strategies were employed: a dedicated program website, secondary consultations, and legal education and information sessions. Each strategy is examined, with information presented about why and how these strategies were implemented alongside this HJP. The strengths and limitations of each strategy are explored, with some strategies appearing to engage audiences with the program more than others. The insights about each of the strategies established for this program may inform other HJPs with their planning and implementation for increased program awareness. © 2023 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)).

A leadership quest in teaching and learning : a case study of building capability and competency

- Panther, Barbara

  • Authors: Panther, Barbara
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Perspectives on Teaching and Learning Leadership in Higher Education: Case Studies from UK and Australia Chapter 8 p. 66-74
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  • Description: After 20 years as a university leader, I have come to the realisation that leadership in higher education is like a quest. At each stage of this leadership quest, the goal changes, the world expands and companions on the journey vary. At each new junction, leaders are required to learn new skills, new languages and new ways to work with and influence others. In this case study, Scott et al.’s (2008) academic leadership model has been used as a basis for reflection on the changing capabilities and competencies required as I adventured through every expanding leadership role. I reflect on critical incidents which caused me to pause, lessons learned, and provide wisdom for others on similar quests. © 2024 selection and editorial matter, Josephine Lang, Namrata Rao and Anesa Hosein; individual chapters, the contributors.

A mesoscale modelling approach coupling SBFEM, continuous damage phase-field model and discrete cohesive crack model for concrete fracture

- Yu, Kelai, Yang, Zhenjun, Li, Hui, Ooi, Ean Tat, Li, Shangming, Liu, GuoHua

  • Authors: Yu, Kelai , Yang, Zhenjun , Li, Hui , Ooi, Ean Tat , Li, Shangming , Liu, GuoHua
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Engineering Fracture Mechanics Vol. 278, no. (2023), p.
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  • Description: This study develops an innovative numerical approach for simulating complex mesoscale fracture in concrete. In this approach, the concrete meso-structures are generated using a random aggregate generation and packing algorithm. Each aggregate is modelled by a single scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM) based polygon with the boundary discretized only. The damage and fracture in the mortar is simulated by the continuous damage phase-field regularized cohesive zone model (PF-CZM), and the aggregate-mortar interfaces are modelled by zero-thickness cohesive interface elements (CIEs) with nonlinear softening separation-traction laws. This new approach thus takes full advantages of different methods, including the semi-analytical accuracy and high flexibility in mesh generation and transition of SBFEM, the mesh and length-scale independence of PF-CZM, and the ease-of-use of CIEs in modelling discrete interfacial fracture. These advantages are demonstrated by successful simulations of a few 2D and 3D benchmark examples in mode-I and mixed-mode fracture. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

A moment of fuzziness : connections between shifting notions of ‘home’ and welfare arrangements ‘back home’ for Black Zimbabwean migrants living under COVID-19 travel restrictions in Australia

- Chihota, Clement

  • Authors: Chihota, Clement
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Book chapter
  • Relation: Post-Pandemic Welfare and Social Work: Re-imagining the New Normal Chapter 17 p. 197-209
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  • Description: This chapter makes connections between shifting notions of ‘home’ and welfare arrangements to support relatives ‘back home’, among first-generation Black Zimbabwean migrants living in Australia under COVID-19 travel restrictions. Using anecdotal evidence and harnessing elements of constructivist and structuralist theory, the chapter reflects on how a binary opposition between ‘kumusha/ekhaya’ (meaning the place of origin and belonging) and ‘kumasango/ingangeni’ (literally, ‘the jungle’ - and in this context - any other location that is not kumusha/ekhaya) was largely operative for this community, prior to the pandemic. As a sense-making structure, this opposition promoted resiliency as challenges associated with resettling in Australia were assigned to the kumasango/ingangeni category, meaning they could be expected, while kumusha/ekhaya served as the idyllic ‘counterweight’ (i.e. the place of restoration and regeneration, always within reach, when required. The imposition of COVID-19 travel restrictions between early 2020 and late 2021 disrupted and fuzzified this ʼneat’ conceptual structure and instigated recalibrations of the meaning and location of ‘home’ for this community. As further argued, this shift in the relationship with kumusha/ekhaya, which could be occurring in other places hosting the Zimbabwean diaspora, may have long-term impacts on the informal welfare system, which has helped to sustain livelihoods in Zimbabwe for the past two decades. © 2024 selection and editorial matter, Goetz Ottmann and Carolyn Noble; individual chapters, the contributors.

A multi-layered approach to developing academic written communication skills for nursing students

- Garvey, Loretta, Willetts, Georgina, Herrmann, Antje, Verezub, Elena, Sinchenko, Elena

  • Authors: Garvey, Loretta , Willetts, Georgina , Herrmann, Antje , Verezub, Elena , Sinchenko, Elena
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship Vol. 20, no. 1 (2023), p.
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  • Description: Objectives: Academic literacy in nursing students has historically been poor this research therefore aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an embedded multidisciplinary approach to academic written communication skills for first year Bachelor of Nursing students in Australia. Methods: This initiative consisted of (1) collaboratively embedding academic skills with nursing staff and Learning and Academic Skills Advisors using scaffolded tasks, curriculum/material development, workshops/tutorials on writing skills; and (2) individual support sessions. Data was obtained via questionnaire. Results: Responses were received from 92 (74% local and 26% international) students. Key findings showed the collaborative approach to embedding skills with added follow up, was beneficial for students' skills development, including improved academic writing, increased confidence, and recognition of the importance of academic writing. Conclusions: It is important to equip student to develop academic literacy and an embedded academic literacy program has been determined to assist and may contribute to future professionalisation in nursing. © 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.

A new multi-resolution closed-loop wind power forecasting method

- Nejati, Maryam, Amjady, Nima, Zareipour, Hamidreza

  • Authors: Nejati, Maryam , Amjady, Nima , Zareipour, Hamidreza
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy Vol. 14, no. 4 (2023), p. 2079-2091
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  • Description: By the increasing number and size of wind farms, wind generation forecasting has become a basic requirement for their connection to the power grid; otherwise, power system operators and electricity market participants cannot make the right decisions and may incur significant costs and penalties. In this paper, a new multi-resolution closed-loop wind power forecasting method with a difference signal feedback loop is proposed. Within the proposed method, wind power is initially predicted in two different resolutions (such as with hourly and sub-hourly time steps) by two low/high-resolution pre-predictors and then the inconsistency between their predictions is measured through the difference signal. The generated difference signal is used as a guide for the two low/high-resolution wind power post-predictors. If their wind power forecasts are inconsistent, the difference signal is updated and used as the feedback for the low/high-resolution post-predictors. This closed-loop forecasting-updating process is iterated until the post-predictors reach consistent results. To evaluate the performance of the proposed multi-resolution closed-loop method, it is tested on two different real-world wind farms and the results are compared with the results of several other widely used/recently published wind power forecast methods using various error metrics and different forecast horizons. © 2010-2012 IEEE.

A new species of Troglopedetes Joseph, 1872 with eyes (Collembola, Paronellidae) from a Christmas Island Cave, Australia

- Cipola, Nikolas, Greenslade, Penelope

  • Authors: Cipola, Nikolas , Greenslade, Penelope
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Zootaxa Vol. 5239, no. 4 (2023), p. 563-577
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  • Description: A new species of Troglopedetes Joseph from a Christmas Island Cave, Australia is described and illustrated here. Troglopedetes eberhardi sp. nov. resembles other species by presence of eyes and dorsal chaetotaxy of the second thoracic segment to third abdominal segment, but differs in head chaetotaxy, fourth abdominal segment and elongated unguis median tooth, which character is documented here in the genus for the first time. A comparison and identification key for all eyed species is provided. This is the first record of Troglopedetes for Australia and the genus now has 37 nominal species, of which nine have eyes. Copyright © 2023 Magnolia Press.

A new tour on the subdifferential of the Supremum function

- Hantoute, Abderrahim, López-Cerdá, Marco

A Novel Common Grounded Type 1-\varphi Five-Level Boost PV Inverter with Reduced Device Count

- Ardashir, Jaber, Ghadim, Hadi, Heydari, Dorsa, Hu, Jiefeng

  • Authors: Ardashir, Jaber , Ghadim, Hadi , Heydari, Dorsa , Hu, Jiefeng
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: 8th International Conference on Technology and Energy Management, ICTEM 2023, Babol, Iran, 8-9 February 2023, 8th International Conference on Technology and Energy Management, ICTEM 2023
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  • Description: Common-grounded multi-level inverters with the input voltage boost ability are more common for grid-tied PV system applications. In this paper, a new five-level inverter topology is introduced that can generate a five-level voltage at the output stage, statically increase the input voltage, fully transfer the reactive power, eliminate the leakage current due to common-grounded capability, reduce the number of the power electronic components, self-balancing capability of switched capacitors voltage based on operation modes, and equality of switched capacitors voltage. The operation of the proposed inverter along with its comparison with other similar inverter topologies and the simulation results of the proposed inverter under different loads are demonstrates in this paper. The results indicate that the performance of the proposed inverter in the grid-connected PV system is best than other compared topologies. Also, experimental results with a prototype have been presented, which validates the simulation results and proves the applicability of the proposed inverter in grid-tied PV systems. © 2023 IEEE.

A novel continuous control set model predictive control for lc-filtered three-phase four-wire three-level voltage-source inverter

- Yang, Yong, Xiao, Yang, Fan, Mingdi, Wang, Kaixin, Zhang, Xinan, Hu, Jiefeng, Fang, Gang, Zeng, Weibo, Vazquez, Sergio, Rodriguez, Jose

  • Authors: Yang, Yong , Xiao, Yang , Fan, Mingdi , Wang, Kaixin , Zhang, Xinan , Hu, Jiefeng , Fang, Gang , Zeng, Weibo , Vazquez, Sergio , Rodriguez, Jose
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics Vol. 38, no. 4 (2023), p. 4572-4584
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  • Description: In this article, a novel continuous control set model predictive control (CCS-MPC) is proposed for an LC-filtered three-phase three-level four-wire voltage-source inverter (3P-4W-3L-VSI). The proposed MPC algorithm provides independent control of each phase of the 3P-4W-3L-VSI under various unbalanced load conditions, which shows superior performance under unbalanced loads. Furthermore, different from conventional MPC methods, the CCS-MPC achieves fixed switching frequency, hence simplifying the design of LC filters. In addition, dc offsets are introduced to the proposed modulation to effectively balance the neutral-point voltage of the 3P-4W-3L-VSI. Experimental results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed MPC algorithm. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

A novel optimization approach towards improving separability of clusters

- Bagirov, Adil, Hoseini-Monjezi, Najmeh, Taheri, Sona

  • Authors: Bagirov, Adil , Hoseini-Monjezi, Najmeh , Taheri, Sona
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Computers and Operations Research Vol. 152, no. (2023), p.
  • Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP190100580
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  • Description: The objective functions in optimization models of the sum-of-squares clustering problem reflect intra-cluster similarity and inter-cluster dissimilarities and in general, optimal values of these functions can be considered as appropriate measures for compactness of clusters. However, the use of the objective function alone may not lead to the finding of separable clusters. To address this shortcoming in existing models for clustering, we develop a new optimization model where the objective function is represented as a sum of two terms reflecting the compactness and separability of clusters. Based on this model we develop a two-phase incremental clustering algorithm. In the first phase, the clustering function is minimized to find compact clusters and in the second phase, a new model is applied to improve the separability of clusters. The Davies–Bouldin cluster validity index is applied as an additional measure to compare the compactness of clusters and silhouette coefficients are used to estimate the separability of clusters. The performance of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated and compared with that of four other algorithms using synthetic and real-world data sets. Numerical results clearly show that in comparison with other algorithms the new algorithm is able to find clusters with better separability and similar compactness. © 2022

A Panorama of Maldon in 1861

- Reid, Derek, Cuffley, Peter, Oldfi, David

  • Authors: Reid, Derek , Cuffley, Peter , Oldfi, David
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Victorian Historical Journal Vol. 94, no. 2 (2023), p. 497-506
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  • Description: This note describes a panorama of Maldon that we believe was taken in 1861 by Thomas Hannay at the request of the commissioners of the 1861 Victorian Exhibition. The panorama consists of three photographs taken from Victoria Reef hill showing the buildings along High Street and Main Street. On the left Warnock Brothers Beehive Store can be seen leading to the Bank of New South Wales and the Carriers Arms Hotel, followed by the Kangaroo Hotel in High Street and the vacant allotment in Fountain Street where the Wesleyan Church would be built in 1863. The Market Hall, as it was before the addition of the portico in 1865, stands in the background with Wright Ross & Company’s Store in Main Street and the Electric Telegraph Office beyond. © 2023, Royal Historical Society of Victoria. All rights reserved.

A proximal subgradient algorithm with extrapolation for structured nonconvex nonsmooth problems

- Pham, Tan, Dao, Minh, Shah, Rakibuzzaman, Sultanova, Nargiz, Li, Guoyin, Islam, Syed

  • Authors: Pham, Tan , Dao, Minh , Shah, Rakibuzzaman , Sultanova, Nargiz , Li, Guoyin , Islam, Syed
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Numerical Algorithms Vol. 94, no. 4 (2023), p. 1763-1795
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  • Description: In this paper, we consider a class of structured nonconvex nonsmooth optimization problems, in which the objective function is formed by the sum of a possibly nonsmooth nonconvex function and a differentiable function with Lipschitz continuous gradient, subtracted by a weakly convex function. This general framework allows us to tackle problems involving nonconvex loss functions and problems with specific nonconvex constraints, and it has many applications such as signal recovery, compressed sensing, and optimal power flow distribution. We develop a proximal subgradient algorithm with extrapolation for solving these problems with guaranteed subsequential convergence to a stationary point. The convergence of the whole sequence generated by our algorithm is also established under the widely used Kurdyka–Łojasiewicz property. To illustrate the promising numerical performance of the proposed algorithm, we conduct numerical experiments on two important nonconvex models. These include a compressed sensing problem with a nonconvex regularization and an optimal power flow problem with distributed energy resources. © 2023, The Author(s).

A realist evaluation of post-implementation modifications : a context-initiative-mechanism-outcome perspective

- Oseni, Taiwo, Rahim, Mahbubur, Foster, Susan

  • Authors: Oseni, Taiwo , Rahim, Mahbubur , Foster, Susan
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Journal of Critical Realism Vol. 22, no. 4 (2023), p. 645-669
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  • Description: This paper exemplifies a theoretical and methodological evaluation of IT Initiatives. It discusses post-implementation modifications (ERP-PIM) to enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems for the purpose of business process optimization (BPO) from a Context-Initiative-Mechanism-Outcome (CIMO) perspective. CIMO suggests that context and mechanisms are factors triggering causal effects responsible for outcomes derived from technology initiatives. Through conceptualization, data collection/analysis, and retroduction, the paper proposes a middle-range theory to facilitate the explanation of outcomes from diverse post-implementation initiatives. Data from multiple case study identifies situational and action-formation mechanisms, and actions as essential to realizing the desired outcomes. The proposed ERP-PIM-CIMO theory encapsulates: (i) Business Process Optimization (BPO) as context, (ii) ERP-PIM as structure, (iii) Business Process Efficiency, Effectiveness, and Flexibility as observable events, (iv) ERP capability as causal mechanism, (v) actions as necessary for the actualization of mechanism, and finally (vi) effort and cost, knowledge, and training as factors influencing actualization. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

A reconfigurable rectifier-based power improving method of free-standing two-coil magnetic field energy harvesters over a wide load range

- Li, Yong, Yan, Yihua, Yang, Huanyu, Hu, Jiefeng, He, Zhengyou

  • Authors: Li, Yong , Yan, Yihua , Yang, Huanyu , Hu, Jiefeng , He, Zhengyou
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics Vol. 38, no. 5 (2023), p. 5638-5643
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  • Description: Free-standing magnetic field energy harvesters (FSMFEHs) have promising potential in charging sensors used in electrical power grids. The output power of the FSMFEH is highly dependent on the load resistance. However, the load resistance of the sensors varies over a wide range during the operation process. Therefore, a crucial challenge for an FSMFEH system is to maintain high output power over a wide load range. In this letter, an innovative reconfigurable rectifier-based FSMFEH system with two coils connected in parallel is proposed. First, a new structure of two identical coils in parallel is proposed in magnetic energy harvesting applications. Then, a reconfigurable rectifier with two operation modes is developed to incorporate the new coil structure. By switching between the full-bridge mode and the half-bridge mode according to the actual load demand, the proposed FSMFEH can maintain high output power over a wide load range. In addition, the mode transition can be easily achieved by shorting one of the diodes, leading to a simple and low-loss control. The effectiveness of the proposed FSMFEH system is verified based on a laboratory prototype. It is provided that the experimental result is consistent with the theoretical analysis. The output power can be maintained above 8.19 mW within the 50-1500

A roadmap for change : charting the course of gifted educational provision in Lebanon

- Antoun, Maya, Plunkett, Margaret

  • Authors: Antoun, Maya , Plunkett, Margaret
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: International Journal of Educational Reform Vol. 32, no. 3 (2023), p. 279-293
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  • Description: This article reviews and further develops understandings gleaned from an investigation of public and private school teachers’ perceptions of talent development and their ability to implement specialized approaches for gifted students in a country without specific educational policies for this population. Through a discussion of findings from a previous study investigating the perceptions and practices of more than 280 Lebanese teachers, new insights to inform future policy are provided into how talent development is perceived and responded to within the Lebanese educational context. These understandings helped inform the development of a culturally appropriate conceptual framework, derived from Gagné's Differentiated Model of Giftedness and Talent (2008). The resultant framework addresses how the broader socio-economic cultural context within Lebanon appears to have influenced teachers’ perceptions and practices and the choices made in terms of gifted provision in classrooms. This framework could assist educational leaders in Lebanon to implement changes that would not only benefit gifted learners but also have potential flow on benefits for the country as a whole. © The Author(s) 2023.

A robust ensemble regression model for reconstructing genetic networks

- Gamage, Hasini, Chetty, Madhu, Lim, Suryani, Hallinan, Jennifer, Nguyen, H.

  • Authors: Gamage, Hasini , Chetty, Madhu , Lim, Suryani , Hallinan, Jennifer , Nguyen, H.
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Conference paper
  • Relation: 2023 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, IJCNN 2023 Vol. 2023-June
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  • Description: Genetic networks contain important information about biological processes, including regulatory relationships and gene-gene interactions. Numerous methods, using high-dimensional gene expression data have been developed to capture these interactions. These gene expression data, generated using high-throughput technologies, are prone to noise. However, most existing network inference methods are unable to cope with noisy data, making genetic network reconstruction challenging. In this paper, we propose a novel ensemble regression model combining quantile regression and cross-validated Ridge regression, RidgeCV, to infer interactions from noisy gene expression data. The application of quantile regression to GRN inference is novel, and its design makes it appropriate for noisy data. RidgeCV also addresses other important issues, such as data overfitting and multicollinearity. First, each regression method is independently applied to gene expression data and the output of these methods, in the form of ranked gene lists, is aggregated using a novel gene score-based method by considering the gene rank and model importance. The model importance score is evaluated based on an adjusted coefficient of determination. This method implicitly includes majority voting by averaging each gene score value across all models. The proposed model was tested on the DREAM4 datasets and publicly available small-scale real-world network datasets. Experiments with noisy datasets showed that the proposed ensemble model is more accurate and efficient than other state-of-the-art methods. © 2023 IEEE.

A robust local texture descriptor in the parametric space of the weibull distribution

- Tania, Sheikh, Karmakar, Gour, Teng, Shyh, Murshed, Manzur

  • Authors: Tania, Sheikh , Karmakar, Gour , Teng, Shyh , Murshed, Manzur
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: IEEE Transactions on Multimedia Vol. 25, no. (2023), p. 6053-6066
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  • Description: Research in texture feature approximation is still in the embryonic stage because of difficulties in developing a sound theoretical model to express the unique pattern in the intensity-variation of pixels in the neighbourhood of the pixel-of-interest so that it can sufficiently discriminate different textures. Local texture descriptors are widely used in image segmentation as they comprise pixel-wise features. The Weber local descriptor (WLD) with differential excitation and gradient orientation components, inspired by Weber's Law, has been leveraged in the state-of-the-art iterative contraction and merging (ICM) image segmentation technique. However, WLD has inherent drawbacks in the formulation of the components that limit its discriminatory capability. This paper introduces a novel texture descriptor by directly modelling the distribution of intensity-variation in the parametric space of the Weibull distribution using its shape and scale parameters. A unified 'joint scale' texture property is introduced, which can discriminate textures better than the individual parameters while keeping the length of the descriptor shorter. Additionally, the accuracy of WLD's gradient orientation component is improved by using an extended Sobel operator and expressing gradients in -

A Scoping review of autism and the way it changes the presentation of suicidal thoughts and behavior compared to the general population

- Cleary, Michelle, West, Sancia, McLean, Loyola, Hunt, Glenn, Hungerford, Catherine, Kornhaber, Rachel

  • Authors: Cleary, Michelle , West, Sancia , McLean, Loyola , Hunt, Glenn , Hungerford, Catherine , Kornhaber, Rachel
  • Date: 2023
  • Type: Text , Journal article
  • Relation: Issues Mental Health Nursing Vol. 44, no. 4 (2023), p. 282-301
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  • Description: Autism spectrum conditions are a group of neurodevelopmental conditions that carries an array of co-occurring diagnoses, including a heightened risk of suicide attempts and suicide. This scoping review examined primary research focusing on autism and suicidality, to understand what is currently known on the topic, including how autism changes the presentation of suicidal thoughts and behavior and to assess the suicide awareness and prevention education programs currently available for autistic people, their families, and health professionals and support workers. A comprehensive search (November 2021) across Scopus, PubMed and CINAHL identified 39 articles from 38 studies. Three themes emerged, with five subthemes. 1. The prevalence of suicidality in autistic people 2. The presentation of suicidality in autistic people, including (a) risk of suicidality (b) gender, age, employment and education (c) co-occurring psychiatric conditions (d) autism traits and social communication (e) intellectual disability and 3. Autism-specific approaches to suicidal thoughts, behavior and prevention. Findings were mixed, including conflicting evidence on the risk of autism and suicidality, and limited evidence of resources related to autism-specific suicide awareness or information, and education or prevention programs.