List of Titles

Survival, fermentation activity and storage stability of spray dried Lactococcus lactis produced via different atomization regimes

- Ghandi, Amir, Powell, Ian, Broome, Melcolm, Adhikari, Benu

Authors: Ghandi, Amir , Powell, Ian , Broome, Melcolm , Adhikari, Benu
Date: 2013
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Journal of Food Engineering Vol. 115, no. 1 (2013), p. 83-90
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Description: Dried powders containing Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris were produced using laboratory and pilot scale spray dryers with lactose:whey protein isolate (3:1) as a protective medium. The effects of storage temperature (25, 4 and -18 Â°C) and time (30, 60 and 90 days) were studied. The survival and fermentation activity of the dried bacterial cells were significantly lower when the powders were stored at 25 Â°C compared to those stored at 4 and -18 Â°C; powders stored at 4 and -18 Â°C were statistically similar. The survival and fermentation activity of bacterial cells obtained from a laboratory scale two-fluid nozzle spray dryer were found to be higher than those of cells obtained from a pilot scale two-fluid spray dryer. A rotary wheel atomizer gave significantly higher survival and activity in the same dryer. These observations are consistent with cell damage due to high characteristic shear rates in the atomization process in nozzle type atomizers. The presence of ascorbic acid (oxygen scavenger) in the powder composition was found to improve both the survival and the maintenance of fermentation activity of the dried bacterial cells significantly during storage. The survival and fermentation activity of dried bacterial cells in stored powders indicated that these parameters are system-specific and can be strongly affected by the storage temperature and presence or absence of antioxidant, and also by upstream processing conditions such as the mode of atomization and presence or absence of antioxidants in the dryer feed. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Description: 2003010581

Suspensions of vacuum-freeze dried starch nanoparticles : Influence of NaCl on their rheological properties

- Shi, Aimin, Wang, Li-jun, Li, Dong, Adhikari, Benu

Authors: Shi, Aimin , Wang, Li-jun , Li, Dong , Adhikari, Benu
Date: 2013
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Carbohydrate Polymers Vol. 94, no. 2 (2013), p. 782-790
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Description: The effect of addition of NaCl on rheological properties of suspensions containing vacuum freeze dried starch nanoparticles was studied. These starch nanoparticles were produced through high pressure homogenization and emulsion cross-linking technique. Rheological properties such as continuous shear viscosity, storage and loss moduli and creep-recovery were measured. The presence of NaCl at concentration (5-15%, w/v) increased viscosity marginally (p > 0.05) while at 20% (w/v) it significantly (p < 0.05) increased viscosity. The presence of NaCl enhanced heat stability and weakened gelling capacity of suspensions. NaCl concentration below 15% (w/v) marginally (p > 0.05) increased the storage and loss moduli of suspensions. At 20% (w/v), NaCl increased both moduli significantly (p < 0.05) within frequency range tested (0.1-10 rad/s). Creep-recovery behavior was affected by NaCl and recovery rate was the highest (98.6%) at 20% (w/v) NaCl. The Cross, Power Law and Burgers' models followed experimental shear viscosity, storage and loss moduli and creep-recovery data reasonably well ((R
Description: 2003010855

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Synchronization properties of trees in the kuramoto model

- Dekker, Anthony, Taylor, Richard

Authors: Dekker, Anthony , Taylor, Richard
Date: 2013
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems Vol. 12, no. 2 (2013), p. 596-617
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Description: We consider the Kuramoto model of coupled oscillators, specifically the case of tree networks, for which we prove a simple closed-form expression for the critical coupling. For several classes of tree, and for both uniform and Gaussian vertex frequency distributions, we provide tight closed-form bounds and empirical expressions for the expected value of the critical coupling. We also provide several bounds on the expected value of the critical coupling for all trees. Finally, we show that for a given set of vertex frequencies, there is a rearrangement of oscillator frequencies for which the critical coupling is bounded by the spread of frequencies. © 2013 Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.
Description: C1

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The adsorption and release characteristics of CPFX in porous starch produced through different drying methods

- Gao, Fei, Li, Dong, Bi, Chonghao, Mao, Zhihuai, Adhikari, Benu

Authors: Gao, Fei , Li, Dong , Bi, Chonghao , Mao, Zhihuai , Adhikari, Benu
Date: 2013
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Drying Technology Vol. 31, no. 13-14 (2013), p. 1592-1599
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Description: The drug adsorption and release characteristics of porous starches produced through hot air drying, spray drying, and vacuum freeze drying were investigated using ciprofloxacin as model drug. A UV/visible spectrophotometer, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer, differential scanning calorimeter, and X-ray diffractometer were used to determine the drug adsorption/release, drug/starch interaction, glass transition, and crystallinity of porous starch samples. The amount of ciprofloxacin adsorbed in three different porous starches was 5.58%, 8.91%, and 11.43%, respectively. The ciprofloxacin-loaded porous starches had glass-transition-related endothermic peaks between 55°C and 65°C and melting-related endothermic peaks between 120°C and 150°C. Up to 75% of the loaded ciprofloxacin was released from the freeze-dried sample within 30 hrs. The freeze-dried porous starch also showed higher ciprofloxacin loading rate, higher glass transition temperature, and higher ciprofloxacin release rate. A two-phase dynamic drug release model was found to satisfactorily fit the release kinetics of ciprofloxacin (R2 > 0.995). © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
Description: C1

The aerial invertebrate fauna of subantarctic Macquarie Island

- Hawes, Timothy, Greenslade, Penelope

Authors: Hawes, Timothy , Greenslade, Penelope
Date: 2013
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Journal of Biogeography Vol. 40, no. 8 (2013), p. 1501-1511
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Description: Aim: The extent and diversity of invertebrate aerial dispersal both on remote islands and in polar regions has long been of interest to biogeographers. We therefore monitored the airborne dispersal of insects and other micro- and macroinvertebrates to and on Macquarie Island in order to assess (1) the magnitude and composition of local aerial dispersal activity by the island's invertebrate fauna, and (2) the potential for exotic arrival and establishment. Location: Macquarie Island. Methods: Two robust wind-traps were run year-round on Macquarie Island from 1991 to 1994 to collect airborne insects and other micro- and macroinvertebrates. Results: More than 3000 invertebrates were caught in these traps over the sampling period in the most comprehensive aerial survey of subantarctic invertebrates to date. Representatives of seven orders of Insecta were captured: Psocoptera, Thysanoptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera. Other taxa captured included other arthropods (Arachnida and Collembola) but also terrestrial Gastropoda. Evidence of possible long-distance dispersal (LDD) was limited to two exotic catches (one species of Collembolon, and one species of Thysanoptera). The abundance and composition of indigenous invertebrates caught in the traps indicates that the frequency of short-distance dispersal (SDD) movements on the island far exceeds that which had previously been realized. Main conclusions: More than half the total catch (53%) was of flightless (i.e. passively dispersed) invertebrates, with 84% of them flightless in one of the two traps. The extent of passive dispersal movements is consistent, with most invertebrates being widely distributed at a whole-island scale. Aerial dispersal may act as a conduit for non-indigenous arrivals but this occurs infrequently. Other explanations for exotic species in traps are equally likely. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to terrestrial invertebrate biogeography. © 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Description: 2003011217

The appearance of appearance: Absolute truth in Abbas Kiarrostami's ABC Africa

- Abbott, Mathew

Authors: Abbott, Mathew
Date: 2013
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Senses of Cinema Vol. July, no. 67 (2013), p. 1-7
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Description: In Ten on Ten, a 2004 documentary featuring ten short scenes in which Abbas Kiarostami speaks in a car on his work in filming 2001’s Ten, itself a ten part movie featuring short video sequences shot entirely inside a car, the filmmaker makes a series of extremely provocative statements. This occurs in the context of a discussion of the radical possibilities that he claims opened to him when, starting with one famous and beautiful scene at the very end of 1997’s Taste of Cherry, Kiarostami started using digital cameras. Referring to the production of ABC Africa – his first feature length digital production, and which was shot in Uganda – he says: I felt that a 35mm camera would limit both us and the people there, whereas the video camera displayed truth from every angle, and not a forged truth. To me this camera was a discovery. Like a God it was all encompassing, omnipresent. The camera could turn 360 degrees and thus reported the truth, an absolute truth. (1)

The association between cannabis use, mental illness and suicidal behaviour: what is the role of hopelessness

- Serafini, Gianluca, Pompili, Maurizio, Innamorati, Marco, Amore, Mario, Borgwardt, Stefan, Giradi, Paolo, Temple, Elizabeth

Authors: Serafini, Gianluca , Pompili, Maurizio , Innamorati, Marco , Amore, Mario , Borgwardt, Stefan , Giradi, Paolo , Temple, Elizabeth
Date: 2013
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Frontiers in Pyschiatry Vol. 4, no. (2013), p. 1-5
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Description: Cannabis is one of the most common illegal psychoactive substance used in European countries, in particular among adolescents and young adults (1). It has been estimated that almost 55% of adolescents aged 15–19 years have used cannabis at least once in their lifetime (2), while past year use is reported by approximately 30% of 15–17 year olds and over 47% of those aged 18–19 years (3). Cannabis use has been associated with several adverse life outcomes including unemployment, legal problems, dependence, early school leaving, increased risk of developing both psychotic and affective disorders (3, 4) together with brain structural and functional abnormalities (5, 6). An association between cannabis use, psychiatric disorders and suicidal behavior has also frequently been reported, although the exact nature of this link is still poorly understood (4).

The Audit We Had to Have : The Economic Record, 1960-2009

- Millmow, Alex, Tuck, Jacqueline

Authors: Millmow, Alex , Tuck, Jacqueline
Date: 2013
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Economic Record Vol. 88, no. 284 (2013), p. 112-128
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Description: The Economic Record, one of the world's oldest economic journals, has a distinguished history. The flagship journal of the Economic Society of Australia and New Zealand was launched in 1925 and is approaching its 100th birthday. We undertake a forensic examination of the journal over the last 50 years, exploring issues like its content, most-cited articles and most frequent contributors. This article discusses the journal's internationalisation but also identifies how Australia's top economists have, for the most part, faithfully persisted with it. The changing nature of academic publishing is explored through the patterns of collaboration, citations and dry holes. © 2013 Economic Society of Australia.
Description: 2003010823

The audit we had to have: The economic record, 1960-2009

- Millmow, Alex, Tuck, Jacqueline

Authors: Millmow, Alex , Tuck, Jacqueline
Date: 2013
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Economic Record Vol. 89, no. 284 (2013), p. 112-128
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Description: The Economic Record, one of the world's oldest economic journals, has a distinguished history. The flagship journal of the Economic Society of Australia and New Zealand was launched in 1925 and is approaching its 100th birthday. We undertake a forensic examination of the journal over the last 50 years, exploring issues like its content, most cited articles and most frequent contributors. This article discusses the journal's internationalisation but also identifies how Australia's top economists have, for the most part, faithfully persisted with it. The changing nature of academic publishing is explored through the patterns of collaboration, citations and dry holes.

The Australasian-Intimate project special volume

- Barrows, Timothy, Alloway, Brent, Reeves, Jessica

Authors: Barrows, Timothy , Alloway, Brent , Reeves, Jessica
Date: 2013
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Quaternary Science Reviews Vol. 74, no. (August 2013), p. 1-3
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Description: This special issue, produced by the members of the Australasian INTegration of Ice core, MArine and TErrestrial records (AUS-INTIMATE) group, represents the culmination of a project spanning just on ten years. INTIMATE was first established as a core programme of the INQUA Palaeoclimate Commission in 1995 at the XIVth INQUA Congress in Berlin and aimed to establish a more detailed knowledge of the nature, timing and regional-to-global extent of climatic and environmental changes associated with Termination I (the end of the last glaciation). Facilitated through a series of international workshops, the project aimed to improve precision in correlating climatic events and associated ages for Termination I (e.g. Bjorck et al., 1998; Lowe and Hoek, 2001). INTIMATE then gradually expanded its focus from the North Atlantic to other regions.

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The baby, the bath water and the future of IMGs

- Terry, Daniel, Lê, Quynh

Authors: Terry, Daniel , Lê, Quynh
Date: 2013
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: International Journal of Innovative Interdisciplinary Research Vol. 2, no. 1 (2013), p. 51-62
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Description: Migration has significantly accelerated over in the past few decades, with the migration of doctors and other health professionals from developed countries forming a large part of the globalisation of health care. As such, migrant labour has been observed as a means of meeting job shortages within developed countries, from low-skilled to highly-skilled professional occupations, such as International Medical Graduates (IMG). Australia, like many other developed countries, has trained insufficient doctors in the past. This has led to the immigration of IMGs to fill this gap, particularly in rural and remote areas. As countries, such as Australia has developed an ongoing need for IMGs, so too the policies and regulations have developed over the decades to meet those needs. However, as Australia now begins to train more local medical graduates, the future for IMGs remains less conceivable. The aim of this paper is to discuss the increased use of IMGs and the development of legislation and policy to regulate this cohort of migrant labour in Australia while examining what the future may be for IMGs.

The base resistance of non-displacement piles in Sand. Part I : Field tests

- Gavin, Kenneth, Cadogan, David, Tolooiyan, Ali, Casey, Patrick

Authors: Gavin, Kenneth , Cadogan, David , Tolooiyan, Ali , Casey, Patrick
Date: 2013
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Geotechnical Engineering Vol. 166, no. 6 (2013), p. 540-548
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Description: This paper presents the results of full-scale load tests performed to investigate the end bearing pressure mobilised by continuous flight auger piles installed in sand. In particular, the tests considered the effects of the footing width and, by varying the load test procedure (from maintained load test to constant rate of penetration), allowed quantification of creep effects. By comparing the load test results with in situ test results from cone penetration tests, correlations between the end bearing pressure mobilised at normalised settlement levels of 10% of the footing width and the cone penetration test qc value were studied. For the maintained load tests, these correlations were found to be similar to those used in routine design practice. When creep effects were reduced using constant rate of penetration load testing, the end bearing pressure mobilised was significantly higher than that assumed in normal practice, and it was in keeping with the results of finite-element analyses performed using a soil model that ignored creep. In the final section, the field test results are compared to database pile load tests performed on non-displacement piles in sand.

The base resistance of non-displacement piles in Sand. Part II : Finite-element analyses

- Tolooiyan, Ali, Gavin, Kenneth

Authors: Tolooiyan, Ali , Gavin, Kenneth
Date: 2013
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Geotechnical Engineering Vol. 166, no. 6 (2013), p. 549-560
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Description: A wide range of correlations have been proposed between cone penetration test end resistance, qc, and the ultimate end bearing pressure developed by bored piles. The qc value is typically related to the pile end bearing resistance at a normalised pile displacement equal to 10% of the pile diameter, qb0·1, through a correlation factor, α. While it is generally accepted that constant α factors can be applied for the design of displacement piles, a combination of field tests and finite-element analyses of bored piles in sand has resulted in a myriad of design approaches, some of which suggest that α varies with pile geometry, stress level and sand density. In this paper the results of finite-element analyses are presented which suggest that a constant α factor can be adopted for the design of deep foundations in sand.

The blurred boundary between professional and lay home nursing knowledge and practice in New Zealand, 1900-1935

- Wood, Pamela

Authors: Wood, Pamela
Date: 2013
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Home Healthcare Nurse Vol. 31, no. 2 (2013 2013), p. E1-E7
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Description: In New Zealand, the state registration of nurses was instituted in 1901. This was a marker that nursing had achieved professional status. Although many registered nurses (RNs) worked in private practice or as district nurses in people's homes, lay home nurses had an essential role in caring for the sick. This article reports a comparative analysis of information available to lay home nurses in domestic health guides with information for RNs in professional nursing textbooks, for the period 1900–1935. It shows that despite RNs' professional status, domestic health guides gave more detailed information than nursing textbooks on many subjects until the end of the research time period. The boundary between registered and lay home nurses' knowledge and practice was therefore blurred. Exploring this indistinct boundary challenges understandings about the clear division between professional and lay knowledge and practice. This has particular relevance in a time when health systems increasingly depend on care provided in the home by family members. Home nursing has always been a crucial component in any system for the care of the sick. Historically, caring for people at the end of life or those with chronic and acute illnesses depended largely on the commitment of untrained women, nursing their own family members at home and supporting neighbors to care for the ill in other households.

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The critical discourse analysis paradox : a brief research reflection

- Terry, Daniel

Authors: Terry, Daniel
Date: 2013
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Internet Journal of Language, Culture and Society Vol. 38, no. (2013), p. 42-44
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Description: Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is a means of criticising or critiquing the social order of power, inequality and hegemony in language. Within a doctoral study CDA was used to determine if social power, dominance, and inequality are enacted and reproduced through the text and talk of key participants. A reflection of the researcher experiences is provided as the results were analysed and prepared for publication. The discussion highlights there are other also discourses of power and hegemony which may impact researchers and authors themselves as they report and discuss discourse which marginalises those individuals and groups for whom the research is being conducted. As researchers and academics attempt to articulate and discuss discourse which marginalise and stigmatise, they need to acknowledge and recognise the discourse, which impacts their own ability to advocate for change, adjustment and empowerment.

The Current Status Of Different Age, Direct-Seeded Revegetation Sites In An Agricultural Landscape In The Burrumbeet Region, Victoria, Australia

- Florentine, Singarayer, Graz, Patrick, Ambrose, Graeme, O'Brien, L.

Authors: Florentine, Singarayer , Graz, Patrick , Ambrose, Graeme , O'Brien, L.
Date: 2013
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Land Degradation and Development Vol. 24, no. 1 (2013), p. 81-89
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Description: Many vegetation restoration works have been undertaken in Australia but only a few of those projects have been assessed for effectiveness. Revisiting earlier restoration attempts and analysing data from them is fundamental to the development of evidence-based prescriptions for future restoration work. Therefore, this study's objectives were to (I) compare plant species composition of different age direct-seeded revegetated sites and (II) determine the effect, if any, of different ages of revegetated sites on the natural recruitment of native plants. The study investigated four fenced restoration sites, dating from 2000, 2001, 2004 and 2005. Results showed that the density of plants surviving varied widely between plots of different ages. The highest density was found in the 2001 plot (2195Â·.7 stemsha-1), followed by 2000 (1877Â·8 stemsha-1), 2004 (197Â·6 stemsha-1) and 2005 (195Â·4 stemsha-1). An ANOVA showed that the overall amount of seed broadcast does not play a significant (p=0Â·437) role in the establishment rate. Overall, Eucalyptus ovata was found to be dominant in the 2000 (794Â·4ha-1) and 2001 (971ha-1) sites. In contrast, Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Eucalyptus viminalis densities were highest in the 2004 (41ha-1) and 2005 (60Â·4ha-1) sites, respectively. PERMANOVA showed highly significant differences in the present plant composition between plots (p<0Â·0001), despite similar species mixes used in sowing. Recruitment was not found in any of the sites. The least weed cover and the highest litter cover were found in the 2001 plot. A similar trend was found in the 2000 plot. In contrast, high weed cover and low litter cover were found in the 2004 and 2005 plots. Since one of the major impediments to developing better restoration strategies is the inadequate documentation of past practices, studies such as these may shed some light on how the direct-seeded technique operates in a farm situation. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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