List of Titles

Students coping with change in higher education : an overview

- Co, Mary, Hamadeh Kerbage, Samira, Willetts, Georgina, Garvey, Loretta, Bhattacharya, Ananya, Croy, Glen, Mitchell, Bruce

Authors: Co, Mary , Hamadeh Kerbage, Samira , Willetts, Georgina , Garvey, Loretta , Bhattacharya, Ananya , Croy, Glen , Mitchell, Bruce
Date: 2023
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Educational Research Review Vol. 38, no. (2023), p.
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Description: Higher education institutions implement purposeful change to improve their performance or impose changes in response to their external environments. To deal with these changes, students are expected to develop their coping capacity – the emotional and cognitive ability to manage the demands of adverse situations. Student coping is composed of four interdependent core elements – self-efficacy, engagement, resilience and anxiety. This article synthesizes the evidence on the effect of higher education changes on student's ability to cope. Using Polanin et al.’s (2017) overview process, our search generated 551 articles, and after three rounds of screening, the remaining 12 reviews were analyzed using the narrative descriptive synthesis approach. We found that the quality assessment within the included reviews were inconsistent and, sometimes not clearly defined. From the analysis of the reviews, four key themes emerged: (1) change is complex; (2) the nature of change is varied; (3) there is an interdependent relationship between the coping elements; and (4) the measurement of change is not sophisticated. Our findings highlight the need for higher education institutions to adopt a principle-based approach to purposefully develop students' coping capacity, by improving their self-efficacy, engagement, and resilience, and reducing anxiety. Limitations and future research directions are outlined. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

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Sympathetic nervous system and atherosclerosis

- Wang, Yutang, Anesi, Jack, Maier, Michelle, Myers, Mark, Oqueli, Ernesto, Sobey, Christopher, Drummond, Grant, Denton, Kate

Authors: Wang, Yutang , Anesi, Jack , Maier, Michelle , Myers, Mark , Oqueli, Ernesto , Sobey, Christopher , Drummond, Grant , Denton, Kate
Date: 2023
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, no. 17 (2023), p.
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Description: Atherosclerosis is characterized by the narrowing of the arterial lumen due to subendothelial lipid accumulation, with hypercholesterolemia being a major risk factor. Despite the recent advances in effective lipid-lowering therapies, atherosclerosis remains the leading cause of mortality globally, highlighting the need for additional therapeutic strategies. Accumulating evidence suggests that the sympathetic nervous system plays an important role in atherosclerosis. In this article, we reviewed the sympathetic innervation in the vasculature, norepinephrine synthesis and metabolism, sympathetic activity measurement, and common signaling pathways of sympathetic activation. The focus of this paper was to review the effectiveness of pharmacological antagonists or agonists of adrenoceptors (

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The cost of privatisation to the profession : media representation of audiology in Australia

- Šarkić, Bojana, Simpson, Andrea, Heine, Chrysse

Authors: Šarkić, Bojana , Simpson, Andrea , Heine, Chrysse
Date: 2023
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Health Promotion Journal of Australia Vol. 34, no. 2 (2023), p. 603-611
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Description: Purpose: To investigate how the profession of audiology was represented in the media in Australia and how the increased privatisation of the profession may have shaped this representation. Methods: A systematic search of English language media records was conducted from 1 January 2000 to 17 July 2020 using ANZ News Stream, TV News, Google News and INFORMIT. Twenty-four of 1056 originally identified articles were retained. The findings were extracted and synthesised. Results: Context and content analyses were preformed, revealing a predominantly negative portrayal of Audiology as a profession in 21 (87.5%) of 24 articles. Predominant themes included: sales driven by incentives; predatory strategies and malpractice; non-regulation and privatisation of the hearing care industry; and conflict of interest. Conclusions: The media was found to highlight consumer mistrust in the profession in recent years. Increased regulation of the profession of audiology is recommended to protect the population against exploitative practices and to renew faith in the profession by the public. © 2022 The Authors. Health Promotion Journal of Australia published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australian Health Promotion Association.

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The effect of positively framed and negatively framed messages on televised smoking cessation advertisement success : a systematic review

- James, Michelle, Porter, Joanne, Reimers, Vaughan, Prokopiv, Valerie

Authors: James, Michelle , Porter, Joanne , Reimers, Vaughan , Prokopiv, Valerie
Date: 2023
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Journal of Health Research Vol. 37, no. 2 (2023), p. 129-138
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Description: Background: Smoking cessation campaigns aim to decrease the prevalence of smoking in the community. However, smoking cessation campaigns can be expensive to develop and implement, therefore is it essential that campaigns have high impact and broad reach to ensure the most efficient use of resources. Method: A systematic review was conducted in October 2020 to assess the efficacy of positively framed and negatively framed messages used in televised smoking cessation advertisements. The search was restricted to quantitative primary research published between 2010 and 2020, yielding 4640 results. Study selection was performed using the PRISMA method. Population was inclusive of all ages and smoking status. A total of 15 articles met the criteria for review. Results: Negative messages were found to increase the likelihood of a smoker intending to quit, attempting to quit, successfully quitting, or calling a quitline, while some studies found that positive messages increased confidence to quit and calls to quitline. Combination of negative and positive messages were found to complement one another and were more successful at influencing quit behaviour than using either message type alone. However, findings were not consistent across all studies. Conclusion: The results of this review may be used to inform the development of future smoking cessation advertisements to ensure content is relevant, effective, and cost-efficient. Further exploration of the efficacy of positive and negative messages on target populations would be valuable to advise the design of cessation campaigns. © 2023 College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University. This is an open access article under the CC BY license.

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The immune response to nematode infection

- Stear, Michael, Preston, Sarah, Piedrafita, David, Donskow-Łysoniewska, Katarzyna

Authors: Stear, Michael , Preston, Sarah , Piedrafita, David , Donskow-Łysoniewska, Katarzyna
Date: 2023
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, no. 3 (2023), p.
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Description: Nematode infection is a major threat to the health of humans, domestic animals and wildlife. Nematodes vary in their effect on the host and in the mechanisms underlying immunity but the general features are becoming clear. There is considerable variation among individuals in resistance to infection and much of this variation is due to genetic variation in the immune response. The major histocompatibility complex has a strong influence on resistance to infection but other genes are collectively more important. Resistant individuals produce more IgA, eosinophils, IgE and mast cells than susceptible individuals and this is a consequence of stronger type 2 (Th2) immune responses. A variety of factors promote Th2 responses including genetic background, diet, molecules produced by the parasite and the location of the infection. A variety of cells and molecules including proteins, glycolipids and RNA act in concert to promote responses and to regulate the response. Nematodes themselves also modulate the host response and over 20 parasite-derived immunomodulatory molecules have been identified. Different species of nematodes modulate the immune response in different ways and probably use multiple molecules. The reasons for this are unclear and the interactions among immunomodulators have still to be investigated. © 2023 by the authors.

The impact of COVID-19 on stress and resilience in undergraduate nursing students : a scoping review

- Smith, Graeme, Lam, Louisa, Poon, Sara, Griffiths, Semra, Cross, Wendy, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Watson, Roger

Authors: Smith, Graeme , Lam, Louisa , Poon, Sara , Griffiths, Semra , Cross, Wendy , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz , Watson, Roger
Date: 2023
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Nurse Education in Practice Vol. 72, no. (2023), p.
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Description: Background: Being a nursing student can be a stressful experience, faced with considerable academic and clinical demands. It has been suggested that the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) may have further exacerbated the pressure nursing students face. It has been posited that resilience, a complex psychological concept, may help nursing students overcome stressful situations. Aims: The aim of this scoping review was to examine the relationship between resilience and stress in nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Relevant publications were identified by a comprehensive search of the literature from January 2019 to September 2022 to capture relevant publications during the COVID-19 global pandemic period from the following databases: CINAHL, Medline Complete, APA PsycInfo, Ovid EmCare and Web of Science. Fifteen studies met our inclusion criteria and were included in the review using Arskey & O'Malley’s (2005) methodological framework for scoping reviews. Results: Our findings suggest that nursing students from all around the world have experienced high levels of stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Almost unanimously, resilience was identified as a key protective factor against stress and the development of psychological morbidity. Those nursing students with higher levels of resilience were deemed more likely to stay on track with their studies, despite COVID-related challenges. Conclusion: In conclusion, this scoping review adds to the well-established argument to incorporate resilience-building activities in undergraduate nursing curricula. Developing levels of resilience has the potential to empower nursing students for academic and clinical success, whilst facing the challenges of an ever-changing world. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

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The lithium-ion battery recycling process from a circular economy perspective—a review and future directions

- Sheth, Rahil, Ranawat, Narendra, Chakraborty, Ayon, Mishra, Rajesh, Khandelwal, Manoj

Authors: Sheth, Rahil , Ranawat, Narendra , Chakraborty, Ayon , Mishra, Rajesh , Khandelwal, Manoj
Date: 2023
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Energies Vol. 16, no. 7 (2023), p.
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Description: Ever since the introduction of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in the 1970s, their demand has increased exponentially with their applications in electric vehicles, smartphones, and energy storage systems. To cope with the increase in demand and the ensuing environmental effects of excessive mining activities and waste production, it becomes crucial to explore ways of manufacturing LIBs from the resources that have already been extracted from nature. It is possible by promoting the re-usage, refurbishing, and recycling of the batteries and their constituent components, rethinking the fundamental design of devices using these batteries, and introducing the circular economy model in the battery industry. This paper through a literature review provides the current state of CE adoption in the lithium-ion battery industry. The review suggests that the focus is mostly on recycling at this moment in the battery industry, and a further understanding of the process is needed to better adapt to other CE practices such as reuse, remanufacture, refurbishment, etc. The paper also provides the steps involved in the recycling process and, through secondary case studies, shows how some of the industries are currently approaching battery recycling. Thus, this paper, through review and secondary cases, helps us to understand the current state of LIB recycling and CE adoption. © 2023 by the authors.

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Tryptophan and substance abuse : mechanisms and impact

- Davidson, Majid, Rashidi, Niloufar, Hossain, Md Kamal, Raza, Ali, Nurgali, Kulmira, Apostolopoulos, Vasso

Authors: Davidson, Majid , Rashidi, Niloufar , Hossain, Md Kamal , Raza, Ali , Nurgali, Kulmira , Apostolopoulos, Vasso
Date: 2023
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, no. 3 (2023), p.
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Description: Addiction, the continuous misuse of addictive material, causes long-term dysfunction in the neurological system. It substantially affects the control strength of reward, memory, and motivation. Addictive substances (alcohol, marijuana, caffeine, heroin, methamphetamine (METH), and nicotine) are highly active central nervous stimulants. Addiction leads to severe health issues, including cardiovascular diseases, serious infections, and pulmonary/dental diseases. Drug dependence may result in unfavorable cognitive impairments that can continue during abstinence and negatively influence recovery performance. Although addiction is a critical global health challenge with numerous consequences and complications, currently, there are no efficient options for treating drug addiction, particularly METH. Currently, novel treatment approaches such as psychological contingency management, cognitive behavioral therapy, and motivational enhancement strategies are of great interest. Herein, we evaluate the devastating impacts of different addictive substances/drugs on users′ mental health and the role of tryptophan in alleviating unfavorable side effects. The tryptophan metabolites in the mammalian brain and their potential to treat compulsive abuse of addictive substances are investigated by assessing the functional effects of addictive substances on tryptophan. Future perspectives on developing promising modalities to treat addiction and the role of tryptophan and its metabolites to alleviate drug dependency are discussed. © 2023 by the authors.

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Valuing ecosystem services provided by land commons in India: implications for research and policy

- Sandhu, Harpinder, Zhang, Wei, Meinzen-Dick, Ruth, ElDidi, Hagar, Perveen, Saiqa, Sharma, Janvi, Kaur, Japneet, Priyadarshini, Pratiti

Authors: Sandhu, Harpinder , Zhang, Wei , Meinzen-Dick, Ruth , ElDidi, Hagar , Perveen, Saiqa , Sharma, Janvi , Kaur, Japneet , Priyadarshini, Pratiti
Date: 2023
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Environmental Research Letters Vol. 18, no. 1 (2023), p.
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Description: Commons provide many ecosystem services that support the livelihoods of billions around the world. However, their contribution to people and the economy are rarely estimated in economic terms. Here, we estimate the economic contribution of the land-based commons in India, which cover 66.5 million hectares. We conducted a systematic literature review of publications between 1990 and 2020 and selected 161 peer-reviewed studies to develop an ecosystem services valuation database for India. We identified 34 ecosystem services from this database. We estimate that forest commons provide ecosystem services worth $2108 ha

Violence by burning against women and girls : an integrative review

- Kornhaber, Rachel, Pan, Raquel, Cleary, Michelle, Hungerford, Catherine, Malic, Claudia

Authors: Kornhaber, Rachel , Pan, Raquel , Cleary, Michelle , Hungerford, Catherine , Malic, Claudia
Date: 2023
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Trauma, Violence, and Abuse Vol. 24, no. 2 (2023), p. 1063-1077
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Description: Violence against women and girls by burning is a serious and confronting form of gender-based violence. Often, perpetrators aim to disfigure their victims or cause great pain, rather than kill them. Little is known about the characteristics of females who are subjected to violence by burning. This study aimed to review the literature concerning the prevalence, demographic profile, injury event, contributing factors and health outcomes for women and girls who have experienced burn-related violence. A search across five databases (PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus and LILACS) was conducted up to April 2021 to identify original peer-review research, with a focus on violence by burning against women and girls. The review was guided by the five-stage approach to integrative reviews developed by Whittemore and Knafl (2005). Fifteen studies were identified. Victims were predominantly married, with low socio-economic status, limited education, and high emotional and financial dependency on their partners or families. Burn injuries were mostly caused by flame or acid, with significant morbidity or high mortality. Motives included family/marital issues or property/financial disputes. This review identified the limited evidence available in the peer-reviewed literature related to burn-related violence against women and girls worldwide. Findings suggest the need for further research to provide a clearer understanding of the complex issues involved. © The Author(s) 2021.

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Virtual care initiatives for older adults in Australia : scoping review

- Savira, Feby, Gupta, Adyya, Gilbert, Cecily, Huggins, Catherine, Browning, Colette, Chapman, Wendy, Haines, Terry, Peeters, Anna

Authors: Savira, Feby , Gupta, Adyya , Gilbert, Cecily , Huggins, Catherine , Browning, Colette , Chapman, Wendy , Haines, Terry , Peeters, Anna
Date: 2023
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Journal of Medical Internet Research Vol. 25, no. (2023), p.
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Description: Background: There has been a rapid shift toward the adoption of virtual health care services in Australia. It is unknown how widely virtual care has been implemented or evaluated for the care of older adults in Australia. Objective: We aimed to review the literature evaluating virtual care initiatives for older adults across a wide range of health conditions and modalities and identify key challenges and opportunities for wider adoption at both patient and system levels in Australia. Methods: A scoping review of the literature was conducted. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, AgeLine, and gray literature (January 1, 2011, to March 8, 2021) to identify virtual care initiatives for older Australians (aged

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Wearable technology in the sports medicine clinic to guide the return-to-play and performance protocols of athletes following a COVID-19 diagnosis

- Seshadri, Dhruv, Harlow, Ethan, Thom, Mitchell, Emery, Michael, Phelan, Dermot, Hsu, Jeffrey, Düking, Peter, De Mey, Kristof, Sheehan, Joseph, Geletka, Benjamin, Flannery, Robert, Calcei, Jacob, Karns, Michael, Salata, Michael, Gabbett, Tim, Voos, James

Authors: Seshadri, Dhruv , Harlow, Ethan , Thom, Mitchell , Emery, Michael , Phelan, Dermot , Hsu, Jeffrey , Düking, Peter , De Mey, Kristof , Sheehan, Joseph , Geletka, Benjamin , Flannery, Robert , Calcei, Jacob , Karns, Michael , Salata, Michael , Gabbett, Tim , Voos, James
Date: 2023
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Digital Health Vol. 9, no. (2023), p.
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Description: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has enabled the adoption of digital health platforms for self-monitoring and diagnosis. Notably, the pandemic has had profound effects on athletes and their ability to train and compete. Sporting organizations worldwide have reported a significant increase in injuries manifesting from changes in training regimens and match schedules resulting from extended quarantines. While current literature focuses on the use of wearable technology to monitor athlete workloads to guide training, there is a lack of literature suggesting how such technology can mediate the return to sport processes of athletes infected with COVID-19. This paper bridges this gap by providing recommendations to guide team physicians and athletic trainers on the utility of wearable technology for improving the well-being of athletes who may be asymptomatic, symptomatic, or tested negative but have had to quarantine due to a close exposure. We start by describing the physiologic changes that occur in athletes infected with COVID-19 with extended deconditioning from a musculoskeletal, psychological, cardiopulmonary, and thermoregulatory standpoint and review the evidence on how these athletes may safely return to play. We highlight opportunities for wearable technology to aid in the return-to-play process by offering a list of key parameters pertinent to the athlete affected by COVID-19. This paper provides the athletic community with a greater understanding of how wearable technology can be implemented in the rehabilitation process of these athletes and spurs opportunities for further innovations in wearables, digital health, and sports medicine to reduce injury burden in athletes of all ages. © The Author(s) 2023.

A cut above the rest : oxidative stress in chronic wounds and the potential role of polyphenols as therapeutics

- Johnson, Joel, Broszczak, Daniel, Mani, Janice, Anesi, Jack, Naiker, Mani

Authors: Johnson, Joel , Broszczak, Daniel , Mani, Janice , Anesi, Jack , Naiker, Mani
Date: 2022
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology Vol. 74, no. 4 (2022), p. 485-502
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Description: Objectives: The pathophysiology of chronic wounds typically involves redox imbalance and inflammation pathway dysregulation, often with concomitant microbial infection. Endogenous antioxidants such as glutathione and tocopherols are notably reduced or absent, indicative of significant oxidative imbalance. However, emerging evidence suggests that polyphenols could be effective agents for the amelioration of this condition. This review aims to summarise the current state of knowledge surrounding redox imbalance in the chronic wound environment and the potential use of polyphenols for the treatment of chronic wounds. Key findings: Polyphenols provide a multi-faceted approach towards the treatment of chronic wounds. Firstly, their antioxidant activity allows direct neutralisation of harmful free radicals and reactive oxygen species, assisting in restoring redox balance. Upregulation of pro-healing and anti-inflammatory gene pathways and enzymes by specific polyphenols further acts to reduce redox imbalance and promote wound healing actions, such as proliferation, extracellular matrix deposition and tissue remodelling. Finally, many polyphenols possess antimicrobial activity, which can be beneficial for preventing or resolving infection of the wound site. Summary: Exploration of this diverse group of natural compounds may yield effective and economical options for the prevention or treatment of chronic wounds. © 2021 The Author(s).

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A flourishing brain in the 21st century : a scoping review of the impact of developing good habits for mind, brain, well-being, and learning

- Ekman, Rolf, Fletcher, Anna, Giota, Joanna, Eriksson, Axel, Thomas, Bertil, Bååthe, Frederik

Authors: Ekman, Rolf , Fletcher, Anna , Giota, Joanna , Eriksson, Axel , Thomas, Bertil , Bååthe, Frederik
Date: 2022
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Mind, Brain, and Education Vol. 16, no. 1 (2022), p. 13-23
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Description: Emerging scientific knowledge such as the role of epigenetics and neuroplasticity—the brain's capability to constantly rewire with every action, experience, and thought—is fundamentally changing our understanding of the potential impact we can have on our brain. Our brain is formed by our habits in interaction with our body, the environment, influenced by our lifestyle, successes, failures, and traumas. Neuroplasticity proves that every student's brain is a work in progress, and it is never too late to take better care of one's cognitive fitness. This review presents a repertoire of good habits (GHs). Combined, we suggest that these GHs provide conditions for optimal brain health, by acting as a “Mental Vaccine” which enhances the brain's resilience to brain health-degrading challenges. We argue that schools have a crucial role to play in empowering students to increase their own stress resilience, well-being, and learning by developing their own GHs profile. © 2021 The Authors. Mind, Brain, and Education published by International Mind, Brain, and Education Society and Wiley Periodicals LLC.

A global review of the invasive aquatic weed Cabomba caroliniana [A. Gray] (Carolina fanwort) : current and future management challenges, and research gaps

- Roberts, Jason, Florentine, Singarayer

Authors: Roberts, Jason , Florentine, Singarayer
Date: 2022
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Weed Research Vol. 62, no. 1 (2022), p. 75-84
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Description: Cabomba caroliniana [A. Gray] (Cabombaceae), also known as Carolina fanwort, is a native of South America which has now become a serious invasive threat to aquatic systems across the world. Its capacity to inundate a water column with active fragments and seeds makes the containment and management of C. caroliniana a challenging task and an ecological and economic necessity. Previous and current management efforts have been largely focussed on biological control, drawdown methods, herbicide application, manual removal, shading and the use of a concentrated urea solution. Although these methods have shown some success in reducing large infestations, they are generally considered to be unreliable when used alone since they are unable to contain or reduce the species in the long term with a single-use treatment protocol. It is feared that, without effective, improved and integrated management strategies, C. caroliniana will continue to invade aquatic ecosystems beyond its already wide current distribution, thus causing increased global economic and environmental damage. This review will therefore explore the biology and distribution of C. caroliniana and examine the current and previous attempts for its global management. It will also evaluate the most successful current treatments and clarify where research efforts are urgently needed for the improved long-term extirpation of this aquatic invader. © 2021 European Weed Research Society

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A literature review of the COVID-19 pandemic’s effect on sustainable HRM

- Liang, Xiaoyan, Zhang, Xiwei, Paulet, Renee, Zheng, Leven

Authors: Liang, Xiaoyan , Zhang, Xiwei , Paulet, Renee , Zheng, Leven
Date: 2022
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Sustainability (Switzerland) Vol. 14, no. 5 (2022), p.
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Description: The ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic continue to emerge across all facets of the world of work, including the field of human resource management (HRM). Sustainable HRM, drawing on the triple bottom line elements of the economic, environmental and social pillars of sustainability, provides an ideal basis from which to understand the intersection of the COVID-19 pandemic and HRM. In this systematic literature review, we analyze peer reviewed articles published in the nexus of the pandemic and sustainable HRM, identifying the dimensions and extent of research in this topical area of study. Our CEDEL model—complicator–exposer–disruptor–enabler– legitimizer—conceptualizes our understanding of the role of COVID-19 in sustainable HRM. This paper provides a framework from which future studies can benefit when investigating the impacts of COVID-19, and a comprehensive identification of future research avenues. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

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A narrative review of the current state of extended reality technology and how it can be utilised in sport

- Le Noury, Peter, Polman, Remco, Maloney, Michael, Gorman, Adam

Authors: Le Noury, Peter , Polman, Remco , Maloney, Michael , Gorman, Adam
Date: 2022
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Sports Medicine Vol. 52, no. 7 (2022), p. 1473-1489
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Description: Extended reality is an umbrella term used to describe three computer-generated technologies including virtual reality, augmented reality and mixed reality. Extended reality is an emerging technology that has been utilised in many high-performance domains including psychology, medicine and the military, with the aim of enhancing perceptual-cognitive skills and motor skills. However, the use of extended reality in sport, particularly at the elite level, has only recently started to receive attention. While the growth of extended reality technology continues to accelerate at a rapid rate, empirical evidence aimed at understanding how these devices can best be applied in high-performance sport has not followed suit. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide clarity for high-performance sport organisations, researchers, sport scientists, coaches and athletes about the current state of extended reality technology and how it has been utilised in sport. In doing so, we first define and give examples of the types of extended reality technology including virtual reality, augmented reality and mixed reality that are available at the present time. Second, we detail how skill acquisition principles underpinned by the theoretical framework of ecological dynamics can be used to help inform the design and assessment of extended reality training tools. Third, we describe how extended reality has been utilised in sport, including how extended reality tools have been assessed for their level of representativeness, and the effectiveness of extended reality training interventions for improving perceptual-cognitive skills and motor skills. Finally, we discuss the future utilisation of extended reality in sport, including the key learnings that can be drawn from other domains, future research directions, practical applications and areas for consideration related to the use of extended reality for training skills in sport. © 2022, The Author(s).

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A review of sediment carbon sampling methods in mangroves and their broader impacts on stock estimates for blue carbon ecosystems

- Fest, Benedikt, Swearer, Stephen, Arndt, Stefan

Authors: Fest, Benedikt , Swearer, Stephen , Arndt, Stefan
Date: 2022
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Science of the Total Environment Vol. 816, no. (2022), p.
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Description: Blue carbon ecosystems (BCEs), such as mangroves, tidal marshes, and seagrasses, are attracting interest for their potential to mitigate climate change arising from their high rates of carbon accumulation and the significant carbon stocks in their sediments. However, current sediment carbon sampling methods present a mixture of approaches adopted from paleoenvironmental methods focused on historical reconstruction of carbon accumulation, and from soil science methods developed to provide highly accurate and spatially representative carbon stock measurements. Currently, no international standard method for sediment carbon stock analysis exists. Consequently, current estimates of sediment carbon stock values for BCEs may have large uncertainties due to variable methodology. We reviewed and analysed the methods used 217 studies included in two recent global syntheses of carbon stocks in mangrove forest ecosystems to illustrate a lack of consistency in sediment sampling. We then outline how the choice of study design and field sampling methods can introduce inaccuracies and uncertainties in sediment carbon stock analysis. We conclude with examples of how each of these challenges can be resolved and how greater carbon stock quantification accuracy and higher spatial integration can be achieved for blue carbon ecosystems in the future. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.

A review of the biology, distribution patterns and management of the invasive species Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson (Palmer amaranth) : current and future management challenges

- Roberts, Jason, Florentine, Singarayer

Authors: Roberts, Jason , Florentine, Singarayer
Date: 2022
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: Weed Research Vol. 62, no. 2 (2022), p. 113-122
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Description: Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson (Palmer amaranth) is an invasive agricultural weed that has quickly risen from a state of relative obscurity to now being globally regarded as one of the most economically destructive and difficult to manage weed species. It is now found in more than 45 countries where it poses a serious threat to agricultural production systems. Amaranthus palmeri is known to aggressively compete against crop plants for resources such as light, space, nutrients and soil moisture, all of which can result in significant crop yield reduction or even lead to crop failure. It has also been reported that A. palmeri is highly prone to evolve herbicide resistance; this makes management exceedingly challenging. Whilst there have been several control approaches introduced to manage the spread and impact of A. palmeri, many of them require more specific and focused research for their successful local and widespread application. In this regard, this global review explores the species’ biology and global distribution patterns, together with previous and current management strategies. It also explores and identifies promising areas of research that still require further investigation to more confidently assist in the control and containment of this globally concerning weed. © 2021 European Weed Research Society.

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A scoping review of community-based adult suicide prevention initiatives in rural and regional australia

- Dabkowski, Elissa, Porter, Joanne, Barbagallo, Michael, Prokopiv, Valerie, Jackson, Megan

Authors: Dabkowski, Elissa , Porter, Joanne , Barbagallo, Michael , Prokopiv, Valerie , Jackson, Megan
Date: 2022
Type: Text , Journal article , Review
Relation: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, no. 12 (2022), p.
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Description: The need for continued research into suicide prevention strategies is undeniable, with high global statistics demonstrating the urgency of this public health issue. In Australia, approximately 3000 people end their lives each year, with those living in rural and regional areas identified as having a higher risk of dying by suicide. Due to decreased access and support services in these areas, community-based suicide prevention initiatives provide opportunities to educate and support local communities. A scoping review was conducted to explore the literature pertaining to such programs in rural and/or regional communities in Australia. This review follows the five-stage Arksey and O’Malley (2005) framework and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. Nine databases were searched, from which studies were considered eligible if suicide prevention programs were community-based and catered for adults (aged

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