Description:
This chapter describes a novel multistage method for linguistic clustering of large collections of texts available on the Internet as a precursor to linguistic analysis of these texts. This method addresses the practicalities of applying clustering operations to a very large set of text documents by using a combination of unsupervised clustering and supervised classification. The method relies on creating a multitude of independent clusterings of a randomized sample selected from the International Corpus of Learner English. Several consensus functions and sophisticated algorithms are applied in two substages to combine these independent clusterings into one final consensus clustering, which is then used to train fast classifiers in order to enable them to perform the profiling of very large collections of text and web data. This approach makes it possible to apply advanced highly accurate and sophisticated clustering techniques by combining them with fast supervised classification algorithms. For the effectiveness of this multistage method it is crucial to determine how well the supervised classification algorithms are going to perform at the final stage, when they are used to process large data sets available on the Internet. This performance may also serve as an indication of the quality of the combined consensus clustering obtained in the preceding stages. The authors' experimental results compare the performance of several classification algorithms incorporated in this multistage scheme and demonstrate that several of these classification algorithms achieve very high precision and recall and can be used in practical implementations of their method.
Description:
"Transfers of River Murray water to the River Torrens commenced in 1955. This box focuses on the water quality impacts of this transfer on River Torrens storages."
Description:
Burden of disease (BoD) is a population measure of the effects of a specific disease or health problem. It is usually measured by Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and/or by the related concept of Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs). A DALY is a year of healthy life that is “lost” because of a specific condition. When the DALYs associated with a condition within a population are summed, this is the burden of disease (BoD). The burden of disease is the number of healthy years lost in a population compared to full health. The QALY is the person’s length of life multiplied by a valuation of their health-related quality of life. QALY measures are frequently used in the economic evaluation of health interventions. The World Health Organization coordinates a major ongoing global study of BoD, the Global Burden of Disease Study.