Market model for clustered microgrids optimisation including distribution network operations
- Batool, Munira, Islam, Syed, Shahnia, Farhad
- Authors: Batool, Munira , Islam, Syed , Shahnia, Farhad
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IET Generation, Transmission and Distribution Vol. 13, no. 22 (2019), p. 5139-5150
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- Description: This paper proposes a market model for the purpose of optimisation of clustered but sparse microgrids (MGs). The MGs are connected with the market by distribution networks for the sake of energy balance and to overcome emergency situations. The developed market structure enables the integration of virtual power plants (VPPs) in energy requirement of MGs. The MGs, internal service providers (ISPs), VPPs and distribution network operator (DNO) are present as distinct entities with individual objective of minimum operational cost. Each MG is assumed to be present with a commitment to service its own loads prior to export. Thus an optimisation problem is formulated with the core objective of minimum cost of operation, reduced network loss and least DNO charges. The formulated problem is solved by using heuristic optimization technique of Genetic Algorithm. Case studies are carried out on a distribution system with multiple MGs, ISP and VPPs which illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed market optimisation strategy. The key objective of the proposed market model is to coordinate the operation of MGs with the requirements of the market with the help of the DNO, without decreasing the economic efficiency for the MGs nor the distribution network. © The Institution of Engineering and Technology 2019.
- Authors: Batool, Munira , Islam, Syed , Shahnia, Farhad
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IET Generation, Transmission and Distribution Vol. 13, no. 22 (2019), p. 5139-5150
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This paper proposes a market model for the purpose of optimisation of clustered but sparse microgrids (MGs). The MGs are connected with the market by distribution networks for the sake of energy balance and to overcome emergency situations. The developed market structure enables the integration of virtual power plants (VPPs) in energy requirement of MGs. The MGs, internal service providers (ISPs), VPPs and distribution network operator (DNO) are present as distinct entities with individual objective of minimum operational cost. Each MG is assumed to be present with a commitment to service its own loads prior to export. Thus an optimisation problem is formulated with the core objective of minimum cost of operation, reduced network loss and least DNO charges. The formulated problem is solved by using heuristic optimization technique of Genetic Algorithm. Case studies are carried out on a distribution system with multiple MGs, ISP and VPPs which illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed market optimisation strategy. The key objective of the proposed market model is to coordinate the operation of MGs with the requirements of the market with the help of the DNO, without decreasing the economic efficiency for the MGs nor the distribution network. © The Institution of Engineering and Technology 2019.
Multi-agent systems in ICT enabled smart grid : A status update on technology framework and applications
- Shawon, Mohammad, Muyeen, S., Ghosh, Arindam, Islam, Syed, Baptista, Murilo
- Authors: Shawon, Mohammad , Muyeen, S. , Ghosh, Arindam , Islam, Syed , Baptista, Murilo
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IEEE Access Vol. 7, no. (2019), p. 97959-97973
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- Description: Multi-agent-based smart grid applications have gained much attention in recent times. At the same time, information and communication technology (ICT) has become a crucial part of the smart grid infrastructure. The key intention of this work is to present a comprehensive review of the literature and technological frameworks for the application of multi-agent system (MAS) and ICT infrastructure usages in smart grid implementations. In the smart grid, agents are defined as intelligent entities with the ability to take decisions and acting flexibly and autonomously according to their built-in intelligence utilizing previous experiences. Whereas, ICT enables conventional grid turned into the smart grid through data and information exchange. This paper summarizes the multi-agent concept of smart grid highlighting their applications through a detailed and extensive literature survey on the related topics. In addition to the above, a particular focus has been put on the ICT standards, including IEC 61850 incorporating ICT with MAS. Finally, a laboratory framework concepts have been added highlighting the implementation of IEC 61850.
- Authors: Shawon, Mohammad , Muyeen, S. , Ghosh, Arindam , Islam, Syed , Baptista, Murilo
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IEEE Access Vol. 7, no. (2019), p. 97959-97973
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Multi-agent-based smart grid applications have gained much attention in recent times. At the same time, information and communication technology (ICT) has become a crucial part of the smart grid infrastructure. The key intention of this work is to present a comprehensive review of the literature and technological frameworks for the application of multi-agent system (MAS) and ICT infrastructure usages in smart grid implementations. In the smart grid, agents are defined as intelligent entities with the ability to take decisions and acting flexibly and autonomously according to their built-in intelligence utilizing previous experiences. Whereas, ICT enables conventional grid turned into the smart grid through data and information exchange. This paper summarizes the multi-agent concept of smart grid highlighting their applications through a detailed and extensive literature survey on the related topics. In addition to the above, a particular focus has been put on the ICT standards, including IEC 61850 incorporating ICT with MAS. Finally, a laboratory framework concepts have been added highlighting the implementation of IEC 61850.
Multi-level supervisory emergency control for operation of remote area microgrid clusters
- Batool, Munira, Shahnia, Farhad, Islam, Syed
- Authors: Batool, Munira , Shahnia, Farhad , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy Vol. 7, no. 5 (Sep 2019), p. 1210-1228
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- Description: Remote and regional areas are usually supplied by isolated and self-sufficient electricity systems, which are called as microgrids (MGs). To reduce the overall cost of electricity production, MGs rely on non-dispatchable renewable sources. Emergencies such as overloading or excessive generation by renewable sources can result in a substantial voltage or frequency deviation in MGs. This paper presents a supervisory controller for such emergencies. The key idea is to remedy the emergencies by optimal internal or external support. A multi-level controller with soft, intermedial and hard actions is proposed. The soft actions include the adjustment of the droop parameters of the sources and the controlling of the charge/discharge of energy storages. The intermedial action is exchanging power with neighboring MGs, which is highly probable in large remote areas. As the last remedying resort, curtailing loads or renewable sources are assumed as hard actions. The proposed controller employs an optimization technique consisting of certain objectives such as reducing power loss in the tie-lines amongst MGs and the dependency of an MG to other MGs, as well as enhancing the contribution of renewable sources in electricity generation. Minimization of the fuel consumption and emissions of conventional generators, along with frequency and voltage deviation, is the other desired objectives. The performance of the proposal is evaluated by several numerical analyses in MATLAB (R).
- Authors: Batool, Munira , Shahnia, Farhad , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy Vol. 7, no. 5 (Sep 2019), p. 1210-1228
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Remote and regional areas are usually supplied by isolated and self-sufficient electricity systems, which are called as microgrids (MGs). To reduce the overall cost of electricity production, MGs rely on non-dispatchable renewable sources. Emergencies such as overloading or excessive generation by renewable sources can result in a substantial voltage or frequency deviation in MGs. This paper presents a supervisory controller for such emergencies. The key idea is to remedy the emergencies by optimal internal or external support. A multi-level controller with soft, intermedial and hard actions is proposed. The soft actions include the adjustment of the droop parameters of the sources and the controlling of the charge/discharge of energy storages. The intermedial action is exchanging power with neighboring MGs, which is highly probable in large remote areas. As the last remedying resort, curtailing loads or renewable sources are assumed as hard actions. The proposed controller employs an optimization technique consisting of certain objectives such as reducing power loss in the tie-lines amongst MGs and the dependency of an MG to other MGs, as well as enhancing the contribution of renewable sources in electricity generation. Minimization of the fuel consumption and emissions of conventional generators, along with frequency and voltage deviation, is the other desired objectives. The performance of the proposal is evaluated by several numerical analyses in MATLAB (R).
Voxel-based extraction of individual pylons and wires from lidar point cloud data
- Munir, Nosheen, Awrangjeb, Mohammad, Stantic, Bela, Lu, Guojun, Islam, Syed
- Authors: Munir, Nosheen , Awrangjeb, Mohammad , Stantic, Bela , Lu, Guojun , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: ISPRS annals of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences Vol. IV-4/W8, no. (2019), p. 91-98
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- Description: Extraction of individual pylons and wires is important for modelling of 3D objects in a power line corridor (PLC) map. However, the existing methods mostly classify points into distinct classes like pylons and wires, but hardly into individual pylons or wires. The proposed method extracts standalone pylons, vegetation and wires from LiDAR data. The extraction of individual objects is needed for a detailed PLC mapping. The proposed approach starts off with the separation of ground and non ground points. The non-ground points are then classified into vertical (e.g., pylons and vegetation) and non-vertical (e.g., wires) object points using the vertical profile feature (VPF) through the binary support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Individual pylons and vegetation are then separated using their shape and area properties. The locations of pylons are further used to extract the span points between two successive pylons. Finally, span points are voxelised and alignment properties of wires in the voxel grid is used to extract individual wires points. The results are evaluated on dataset which has multiple spans with bundled wires in each span. The evaluation results show that the proposed method and features are very effective for extraction of individual wires, pylons and vegetation with 99% correctness and 98% completeness.
- Authors: Munir, Nosheen , Awrangjeb, Mohammad , Stantic, Bela , Lu, Guojun , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: ISPRS annals of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences Vol. IV-4/W8, no. (2019), p. 91-98
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- Description: Extraction of individual pylons and wires is important for modelling of 3D objects in a power line corridor (PLC) map. However, the existing methods mostly classify points into distinct classes like pylons and wires, but hardly into individual pylons or wires. The proposed method extracts standalone pylons, vegetation and wires from LiDAR data. The extraction of individual objects is needed for a detailed PLC mapping. The proposed approach starts off with the separation of ground and non ground points. The non-ground points are then classified into vertical (e.g., pylons and vegetation) and non-vertical (e.g., wires) object points using the vertical profile feature (VPF) through the binary support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Individual pylons and vegetation are then separated using their shape and area properties. The locations of pylons are further used to extract the span points between two successive pylons. Finally, span points are voxelised and alignment properties of wires in the voxel grid is used to extract individual wires points. The results are evaluated on dataset which has multiple spans with bundled wires in each span. The evaluation results show that the proposed method and features are very effective for extraction of individual wires, pylons and vegetation with 99% correctness and 98% completeness.
A new cascaded multilevel inverter topology with galvanic isolation
- Hasan, Mubashwar, Abu-Siada, Ahmed, Islam, Syed, Dahidah, Mohamed
- Authors: Hasan, Mubashwar , Abu-Siada, Ahmed , Islam, Syed , Dahidah, Mohamed
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications Vol. 54, no. 4 (2018), p. 3463-3472
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- Description: IEEE This paper presents a new compact three-phase cascaded multilevel inverter (CMLI) topology with reduced device count and high frequency magnetic link. The proposed topology overcomes the predominant limitation of separate DC power supplies, which CMLI always require. The high frequency magnetic link also provides a galvanic isolation between the input and output sides of the inverter, which is essential for various grid-connected applications. The proposed topology utilizes an asymmetric inverter configuration that consists of cascaded H-bridge cells and a conventional three-phase two-level inverter. A toroidal core is employed for the high frequency magnetic link to ensure compact size and high-power density. Compared with counterpart CMLI topologies available in the literatures, the proposed inverter has the advantage of utilizing the least number of power electronic components without compromising the overall performance, particularly when a high number of output voltage levels is required. The feasibility of the proposed inverter is confirmed through extensive simulation and experimentally validated studies.
- Authors: Hasan, Mubashwar , Abu-Siada, Ahmed , Islam, Syed , Dahidah, Mohamed
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications Vol. 54, no. 4 (2018), p. 3463-3472
- Full Text:
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- Description: IEEE This paper presents a new compact three-phase cascaded multilevel inverter (CMLI) topology with reduced device count and high frequency magnetic link. The proposed topology overcomes the predominant limitation of separate DC power supplies, which CMLI always require. The high frequency magnetic link also provides a galvanic isolation between the input and output sides of the inverter, which is essential for various grid-connected applications. The proposed topology utilizes an asymmetric inverter configuration that consists of cascaded H-bridge cells and a conventional three-phase two-level inverter. A toroidal core is employed for the high frequency magnetic link to ensure compact size and high-power density. Compared with counterpart CMLI topologies available in the literatures, the proposed inverter has the advantage of utilizing the least number of power electronic components without compromising the overall performance, particularly when a high number of output voltage levels is required. The feasibility of the proposed inverter is confirmed through extensive simulation and experimentally validated studies.
A novel concept for three-phase cascaded multilevel inverter topologies
- Hasan, Mubashwar, Abu-Siada, Ahmed, Islam, Syed, Muyeen, S.
- Authors: Hasan, Mubashwar , Abu-Siada, Ahmed , Islam, Syed , Muyeen, S.
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Energies Vol. 11, no. 2 (2018), p. 1-16
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- Description: One of the key challenges in multilevel inverters (MLIs) design is to reduce the number of components used in the implementation while maximising the number of output voltage levels. This paper proposes a new concept that facilitates a device count reduction technique of existing cascaded MLIs. Moreover, the proposed concept can be utilised to extend existing single phase cascaded MLI topologies to three-phase structure without tripling the number of semiconductor components and input dc-supplies as per the current practice. The new generalized concept involves two stages; namely, cascaded stage and phase generator stage. The phase generator stage is a combination of a conventional three-phase two level inverter and three bi-directional switches while the cascaded stage can employ any existing cascaded topology. A laboratory prototype model is built and extensive experimental analyses are conducted to validate the feasibility of the proposed cascaded MLI concept.
- Authors: Hasan, Mubashwar , Abu-Siada, Ahmed , Islam, Syed , Muyeen, S.
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Energies Vol. 11, no. 2 (2018), p. 1-16
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: One of the key challenges in multilevel inverters (MLIs) design is to reduce the number of components used in the implementation while maximising the number of output voltage levels. This paper proposes a new concept that facilitates a device count reduction technique of existing cascaded MLIs. Moreover, the proposed concept can be utilised to extend existing single phase cascaded MLI topologies to three-phase structure without tripling the number of semiconductor components and input dc-supplies as per the current practice. The new generalized concept involves two stages; namely, cascaded stage and phase generator stage. The phase generator stage is a combination of a conventional three-phase two level inverter and three bi-directional switches while the cascaded stage can employ any existing cascaded topology. A laboratory prototype model is built and extensive experimental analyses are conducted to validate the feasibility of the proposed cascaded MLI concept.
Improved method to obtain the online impulse frequency response signature of a power transformer by multi scale complex CWT
- Zhao, Zhongyong, Tang, Chao, Yao, Chenguo, Zhou, Qu, Xu, Lingna, Gui, Yingang, Islam, Syed
- Authors: Zhao, Zhongyong , Tang, Chao , Yao, Chenguo , Zhou, Qu , Xu, Lingna , Gui, Yingang , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IEEE Access Vol. 6, no. (2018), p. 48934-48945
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- Description: Online impulse frequency response analysis (IFRA) has proven to be a promising method to detect and diagnose the transformer winding mechanical faults when the transformer is in service. However, the existing fast Fourier transform (FFT) is actually not suitable for processing the transient signals in online IFRA. The field test result also shows that the IFRA signature obtained by FFT is easily distorted by noise. An improved method to obtain the online IFRA signature based on multi-scale complex continuous wavelet transform is proposed. The electrical model simulation and online experiment indicate the superiority of the wavelet transform compared with FFT. This paper provides guidance on the actual application of the online IFRA method.
- Authors: Zhao, Zhongyong , Tang, Chao , Yao, Chenguo , Zhou, Qu , Xu, Lingna , Gui, Yingang , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2018
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IEEE Access Vol. 6, no. (2018), p. 48934-48945
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Online impulse frequency response analysis (IFRA) has proven to be a promising method to detect and diagnose the transformer winding mechanical faults when the transformer is in service. However, the existing fast Fourier transform (FFT) is actually not suitable for processing the transient signals in online IFRA. The field test result also shows that the IFRA signature obtained by FFT is easily distorted by noise. An improved method to obtain the online IFRA signature based on multi-scale complex continuous wavelet transform is proposed. The electrical model simulation and online experiment indicate the superiority of the wavelet transform compared with FFT. This paper provides guidance on the actual application of the online IFRA method.
Impact of distributed rooftop photovoltaic systems on short-circuit faults in the supplying low voltage networks
- Yengejeh, Hadi, Shahnia, Farhad, Islam, Syed
- Authors: Yengejeh, Hadi , Shahnia, Farhad , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Electric Power Components and Systems Vol. 45, no. 20 (2017), p. 2257-2274
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- Description: This article evaluates the effect of randomly distributed, residential single-phase rooftop photovoltaic systems in the low voltage residential networks, during short-circuit faults on the overhead lines. The important parameters such as the fault current, the current sensed at the distribution transformer secondary, and the voltage profile along the feeder during the fault are examined. A sensitivity analysis is carried out in which the rating and location of the photovoltaic systems in the feeder, as well as the fault location and type, are the considered variables. Moreover, to demonstrate the effect of multiple photovoltaic systems with different ratings and penetration levels when distributed unequally among three phases of the network, a stochastic analysis is carried out. The article summarizes the outcomes of these two analyses to provide a better understanding of the impact of single-phase rooftop photovoltaic systems on the residential feeders during short-circuit faults.
- Authors: Yengejeh, Hadi , Shahnia, Farhad , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Electric Power Components and Systems Vol. 45, no. 20 (2017), p. 2257-2274
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This article evaluates the effect of randomly distributed, residential single-phase rooftop photovoltaic systems in the low voltage residential networks, during short-circuit faults on the overhead lines. The important parameters such as the fault current, the current sensed at the distribution transformer secondary, and the voltage profile along the feeder during the fault are examined. A sensitivity analysis is carried out in which the rating and location of the photovoltaic systems in the feeder, as well as the fault location and type, are the considered variables. Moreover, to demonstrate the effect of multiple photovoltaic systems with different ratings and penetration levels when distributed unequally among three phases of the network, a stochastic analysis is carried out. The article summarizes the outcomes of these two analyses to provide a better understanding of the impact of single-phase rooftop photovoltaic systems on the residential feeders during short-circuit faults.
Investigation of microgrid instability caused by time delay
- Aghanoori, Navid, Masoum, Mohammad, Islam, Syed, Nethery, Steven
- Authors: Aghanoori, Navid , Masoum, Mohammad , Islam, Syed , Nethery, Steven
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings , Conference paper
- Relation: 10th International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering, ELECO 2017; Bursa, Turkey; 29th-2nd December 2017 Vol. 2018, p. 105-110
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- Description: This paper investigates the impact of time delay in the control of a grid-connected microgrid with renewable energy resources. The considered microgrid has a critical load that needs to be powered and protected in the event of grid voltage disturbance while the microgrid maintains connection to the grid. Three case studies are performed considering three different time delays to indicate the advantages of fast communication system in the performance of renewable microgrids. Detailed simulation results illustrate that the proposed communication system using IEC 61850 substation automation standard provides better voltage and current quality to the critical local load with larger phase and gain margins while keeping the microgid connected to main grid.
- Authors: Aghanoori, Navid , Masoum, Mohammad , Islam, Syed , Nethery, Steven
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings , Conference paper
- Relation: 10th International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering, ELECO 2017; Bursa, Turkey; 29th-2nd December 2017 Vol. 2018, p. 105-110
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This paper investigates the impact of time delay in the control of a grid-connected microgrid with renewable energy resources. The considered microgrid has a critical load that needs to be powered and protected in the event of grid voltage disturbance while the microgrid maintains connection to the grid. Three case studies are performed considering three different time delays to indicate the advantages of fast communication system in the performance of renewable microgrids. Detailed simulation results illustrate that the proposed communication system using IEC 61850 substation automation standard provides better voltage and current quality to the critical local load with larger phase and gain margins while keeping the microgid connected to main grid.
Master control unit based power exchange strategy for interconnected microgrids
- Batool, Munira, Islam, Syed, Shahnia, Farhad
- Authors: Batool, Munira , Islam, Syed , Shahnia, Farhad
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings , Conference paper
- Relation: 2017 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, AUPEC 2017; Melbourne, Australia; 19th-22nd November 2017 Vol. 2017, p. 1-6
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- Description: Large remote area networks normally have self-suffi-cient electricity systems. These systems also rely on non-dispatchable DGs (N-DGs) for overall reduction in cost of electricity production. It is a fact that uncertainties included in the nature of N-DGs as well as load demand can cause cost burden on islanded microgrids (MGs). This paper proposes development of power exchange strategy for an interconnected MGs (IMG) system as part of large remote area network with optimized controls of dispatchable (D-DGs) which are members of master control unit (MCU). MCU analysis includes equal cost increment principle to give idea about the amount of power exchange which could take place with neighbor MGs in case of overloading situation. Sudden changes in N-DGs and load are defined as interruptions and are part of analysis too. Optimization problem is formulated on the basis of MCU adjustment for overloading or under loading situation and suitability of support MG (S-MG) in IMG system for power exchange along with key features of low cost and minimum technical impacts. Mixed integer linear programming (MILP) technique is applied to solve the formulated problem. The impact of proposed strategy is assessed by numerical analysis in MATLAB programming under stochastic environment.
- Authors: Batool, Munira , Islam, Syed , Shahnia, Farhad
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings , Conference paper
- Relation: 2017 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, AUPEC 2017; Melbourne, Australia; 19th-22nd November 2017 Vol. 2017, p. 1-6
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Large remote area networks normally have self-suffi-cient electricity systems. These systems also rely on non-dispatchable DGs (N-DGs) for overall reduction in cost of electricity production. It is a fact that uncertainties included in the nature of N-DGs as well as load demand can cause cost burden on islanded microgrids (MGs). This paper proposes development of power exchange strategy for an interconnected MGs (IMG) system as part of large remote area network with optimized controls of dispatchable (D-DGs) which are members of master control unit (MCU). MCU analysis includes equal cost increment principle to give idea about the amount of power exchange which could take place with neighbor MGs in case of overloading situation. Sudden changes in N-DGs and load are defined as interruptions and are part of analysis too. Optimization problem is formulated on the basis of MCU adjustment for overloading or under loading situation and suitability of support MG (S-MG) in IMG system for power exchange along with key features of low cost and minimum technical impacts. Mixed integer linear programming (MILP) technique is applied to solve the formulated problem. The impact of proposed strategy is assessed by numerical analysis in MATLAB programming under stochastic environment.
Online transformer internal fault detection based on instantaneous voltage and current measurements considering impact of harmonics
- Masoum, Ali, Hashemnia, Seyednaser, Abu-Siada, Ahmed, Masoum, Mohammad Sherkat, Islam, Syed
- Authors: Masoum, Ali , Hashemnia, Seyednaser , Abu-Siada, Ahmed , Masoum, Mohammad Sherkat , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Vol. 32, no. 2 (2017), p. 587-598
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- Reviewed:
- Description: This paper investigates the performance of a recently proposed online transformer internal fault detection technique and examines impact of harmonics through detailed nonlinear simulation of a transformer using three-dimensional finite element modelling. The proposed online technique is based on considering the correlation between the instantaneous input and output voltage difference (ΔV) and the input current of a particular phase as a finger print of the transformer that could be measured every cycle to identify any incipient mechanical deformation within power transformers. To precisely emulate real transformer operation under various winding mechanical deformations, a detailed three-dimensional finite-element model is developed. Detailed simulations with (non)sinusoidal excitation are performed and analysed to demonstrate the unique impact of each fault on the ΔV-I locus. Impact of harmonic order, magnitude and phase angle is also investigated. Furthermore, practical measurements have been performed to validate the effect of winding short circuit fault on the proposed ΔV-I locus without and with the impact of system harmonics.
- Authors: Masoum, Ali , Hashemnia, Seyednaser , Abu-Siada, Ahmed , Masoum, Mohammad Sherkat , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Vol. 32, no. 2 (2017), p. 587-598
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This paper investigates the performance of a recently proposed online transformer internal fault detection technique and examines impact of harmonics through detailed nonlinear simulation of a transformer using three-dimensional finite element modelling. The proposed online technique is based on considering the correlation between the instantaneous input and output voltage difference (ΔV) and the input current of a particular phase as a finger print of the transformer that could be measured every cycle to identify any incipient mechanical deformation within power transformers. To precisely emulate real transformer operation under various winding mechanical deformations, a detailed three-dimensional finite-element model is developed. Detailed simulations with (non)sinusoidal excitation are performed and analysed to demonstrate the unique impact of each fault on the ΔV-I locus. Impact of harmonic order, magnitude and phase angle is also investigated. Furthermore, practical measurements have been performed to validate the effect of winding short circuit fault on the proposed ΔV-I locus without and with the impact of system harmonics.
Power transaction management amongst coupled microgrids in remote areas
- Batool, Munira, Islam, Syed, Shahnia, Farhad
- Authors: Batool, Munira , Islam, Syed , Shahnia, Farhad
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings , Conference paper
- Relation: 7th IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia, ISGT-Asia 2017;Auckland, New Zealand; 4th-7th December 2017 p. 1-6
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Large remote areas normally have isolated and self-sufficient electricity supply systems, often referred to as microgrids. These systems also rely on a mix of dispatchable and non-dispatcha- ble distributed energy resources to reduce the overall cost of electricity production. Emergencies such as shortfalls, overloading, and faults can cause problems in the operation of these remote area microgrids. This paper presents a power transaction management scheme amongst a few such microgrids when they are coupled provisionally during emergencies. By definition, power transaction is an instance of buying and selling of electricity amongst problem and healthy microgrids. The developed technique aims to define the suitable power generation from all dispatchable sources and regulate the power transaction amongst the coupled microgrids. To this end, an optimization problem is formulated that aims to define the above parameters while minimizing the costs and technical impacts. A mixed- integer linear programming technique is used to solve the formulated problem. The performance of the proposed management strategy is evaluated by numerical analysis in MATLAB.
- Authors: Batool, Munira , Islam, Syed , Shahnia, Farhad
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings , Conference paper
- Relation: 7th IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia, ISGT-Asia 2017;Auckland, New Zealand; 4th-7th December 2017 p. 1-6
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Large remote areas normally have isolated and self-sufficient electricity supply systems, often referred to as microgrids. These systems also rely on a mix of dispatchable and non-dispatcha- ble distributed energy resources to reduce the overall cost of electricity production. Emergencies such as shortfalls, overloading, and faults can cause problems in the operation of these remote area microgrids. This paper presents a power transaction management scheme amongst a few such microgrids when they are coupled provisionally during emergencies. By definition, power transaction is an instance of buying and selling of electricity amongst problem and healthy microgrids. The developed technique aims to define the suitable power generation from all dispatchable sources and regulate the power transaction amongst the coupled microgrids. To this end, an optimization problem is formulated that aims to define the above parameters while minimizing the costs and technical impacts. A mixed- integer linear programming technique is used to solve the formulated problem. The performance of the proposed management strategy is evaluated by numerical analysis in MATLAB.
Design and analysis of nano-structured gratings for conversion efficiency improvement in GaAs solar cells
- Authors: Das, Narottam , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Energies Vol. 9, no. 9 (2016), p. 1-13
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This paper presents the design and analysis of nano-structured gratings to improve the conversion efficiency in GaAs solar cells by reducing the light reflection losses. A finite-difference time domain (FDTD) simulation tool is used to design and simulate the light reflection losses of the subwavelength grating (SWG) structure in GaAs solar cells. The SWG structures perform as an excellent alternative antireflective (AR) coating due to their capacity to reduce the reflection losses in GaAs solar cells. It allows the gradual change in the refractive index that confirms an excellent AR and the light trapping properties, when compared with the planar thin film structures. The nano-rod structure performs as a single layer AR coating, whereas the triangular (i.e., conical or perfect cone) and parabolic (i.e., trapezoidal/truncated cone) shaped nano-grating structures perform as a multilayer AR coating. The simulation results confirm that the reflection loss of triangular-shaped nano-grating structures having a 300-nm grating height and a 830-nm period is about 2%, which is about 28% less than the flat type substrates. It also found that the intermediate (i.e., trapezoidal and parabolic)-shaped structures, the light reflection loss is lower than the rectangular shaped nano-grating structure, but higher than the triangular shaped nano-grating structure. This analysis confirmed that the triangular shaped nano-gratings are an excellent alternative AR coating for conversion efficiency improvement in GaAs solar cells.
- Authors: Das, Narottam , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Energies Vol. 9, no. 9 (2016), p. 1-13
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This paper presents the design and analysis of nano-structured gratings to improve the conversion efficiency in GaAs solar cells by reducing the light reflection losses. A finite-difference time domain (FDTD) simulation tool is used to design and simulate the light reflection losses of the subwavelength grating (SWG) structure in GaAs solar cells. The SWG structures perform as an excellent alternative antireflective (AR) coating due to their capacity to reduce the reflection losses in GaAs solar cells. It allows the gradual change in the refractive index that confirms an excellent AR and the light trapping properties, when compared with the planar thin film structures. The nano-rod structure performs as a single layer AR coating, whereas the triangular (i.e., conical or perfect cone) and parabolic (i.e., trapezoidal/truncated cone) shaped nano-grating structures perform as a multilayer AR coating. The simulation results confirm that the reflection loss of triangular-shaped nano-grating structures having a 300-nm grating height and a 830-nm period is about 2%, which is about 28% less than the flat type substrates. It also found that the intermediate (i.e., trapezoidal and parabolic)-shaped structures, the light reflection loss is lower than the rectangular shaped nano-grating structure, but higher than the triangular shaped nano-grating structure. This analysis confirmed that the triangular shaped nano-gratings are an excellent alternative AR coating for conversion efficiency improvement in GaAs solar cells.
Disconnection of single-phase rooftop PVs after short-circuit faults in residential feeders
- Yengejeh, Hadi, Shahnia, Farhad, Islam, Syed
- Authors: Yengejeh, Hadi , Shahnia, Farhad , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Vol. 13, no. 2 (2016), p. 151-165
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- Reviewed:
- Description: This paper presents an analysis on the disconnection time of single-phase rooftop photovoltaic systems (PVs), located in a three-phase four-wire low voltage distribution feeder, after a single-phase and a three-phase short-circuit fault on the low-voltage feeder. The paper aims to evaluate and discuss the disconnection time and disconnection sequence of PVs in a network with 100% PV penetration level to evaluate the islanding issues that are related to the safety of people and the damage of electrical apparatus. The impact of different parameters such as the location of the fault, impedance of the fault and the ratio of PVs generation capacity to the load demand are contemplated in the analysis. Furthermore, the influence of the network earthing in the form of multiple earthed neutral and non-effectively grounded systems are evaluated on the PVs disconnection time. This research intends to figure out the conditions under which the PVs in the feeder may fail to disconnect after a single-phase or three-phase fault and continue to feed the fault.
- Authors: Yengejeh, Hadi , Shahnia, Farhad , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Australian Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Vol. 13, no. 2 (2016), p. 151-165
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This paper presents an analysis on the disconnection time of single-phase rooftop photovoltaic systems (PVs), located in a three-phase four-wire low voltage distribution feeder, after a single-phase and a three-phase short-circuit fault on the low-voltage feeder. The paper aims to evaluate and discuss the disconnection time and disconnection sequence of PVs in a network with 100% PV penetration level to evaluate the islanding issues that are related to the safety of people and the damage of electrical apparatus. The impact of different parameters such as the location of the fault, impedance of the fault and the ratio of PVs generation capacity to the load demand are contemplated in the analysis. Furthermore, the influence of the network earthing in the form of multiple earthed neutral and non-effectively grounded systems are evaluated on the PVs disconnection time. This research intends to figure out the conditions under which the PVs in the feeder may fail to disconnect after a single-phase or three-phase fault and continue to feed the fault.
Performance evaluation of a process bus architecture in a zone substation based on IEC 61850-9-2
- Kumar, Shantanu, Das, Narottam, Islam, Syed
- Authors: Kumar, Shantanu , Das, Narottam , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings , Conference paper
- Relation: IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference, APPEEC 2015; Brisbane, Australia; 15th-18th November 2015 Vol. 2016, p. 1-5
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Ethernet communication has been the back bone of high speed communication in digital substations from protection relaying, control and automation perspective. Major substation manufacturers have been constantly upgrading softwares and adding new features in their Intelligent Electronic Devices (IED's) to carry out multiple functions in process bus devices. This paper presents simulation results with respect to the delay in packets transfer in an Ethernet environment. Understanding the delay in packet transfer of Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) and Sampled Values (SV) shall assist the user in understanding the substation automation, control and protection of substation primary plants such as current transformers (CT's), voltage transformers (VT's), circuit breakers etc. connected in the network during a fault condition Conventional substation uses Merging Units (MU's) to communicate with the IED's featuring IEC 61850-9-2 standard. This standard exhibits transparency and standardization of data communication while addressing issues related to reliability, packet sharing, and maintainability, etc. However, process bus architecture is yet to be widely accepted in the industry and needs further validation due to lack of confidence. This paper evaluates the performance of a digital protection scheme in a zone substation operating at 132kV, featuring IEC 61850-9-2 IED's and using an optimized network engineering tool (OPNET) simulator. Understanding the delay in receiving time critical GOOSE and sampled value SV messages from protection perspective is critical as loss of data could cause malfunction in the protection jeopardizing vital substation plants.
- Authors: Kumar, Shantanu , Das, Narottam , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings , Conference paper
- Relation: IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference, APPEEC 2015; Brisbane, Australia; 15th-18th November 2015 Vol. 2016, p. 1-5
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Ethernet communication has been the back bone of high speed communication in digital substations from protection relaying, control and automation perspective. Major substation manufacturers have been constantly upgrading softwares and adding new features in their Intelligent Electronic Devices (IED's) to carry out multiple functions in process bus devices. This paper presents simulation results with respect to the delay in packets transfer in an Ethernet environment. Understanding the delay in packet transfer of Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) and Sampled Values (SV) shall assist the user in understanding the substation automation, control and protection of substation primary plants such as current transformers (CT's), voltage transformers (VT's), circuit breakers etc. connected in the network during a fault condition Conventional substation uses Merging Units (MU's) to communicate with the IED's featuring IEC 61850-9-2 standard. This standard exhibits transparency and standardization of data communication while addressing issues related to reliability, packet sharing, and maintainability, etc. However, process bus architecture is yet to be widely accepted in the industry and needs further validation due to lack of confidence. This paper evaluates the performance of a digital protection scheme in a zone substation operating at 132kV, featuring IEC 61850-9-2 IED's and using an optimized network engineering tool (OPNET) simulator. Understanding the delay in receiving time critical GOOSE and sampled value SV messages from protection perspective is critical as loss of data could cause malfunction in the protection jeopardizing vital substation plants.
Performance monitoring of a PMU in a microgrid environment based on IEC 61850-90-5
- Kumar, Shantanu, Das, Narottam, Islam, Syed
- Authors: Kumar, Shantanu , Das, Narottam , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings , Conference paper
- Relation: 2016 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, AUPEC 2016; Brisbane, Australia; 25th-28th September 2016 p. 1-5
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Reliable protection, communication and control are the key features of a digital protection scheme in a utility substation. Microgrid is an alternative solution of installing long Transmission & Distribution lines could be cost prohibitive. There are number of Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) which could find applications in controlling and monitoring of power network in a Microgrid set up and one such device is Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU). It is a microprocessor based intelligent device which gathers high-resolution data, checks the power quality and records disturbances. However, few issues that remains to be addressed such as, interoperability in a multi-vendor equipment and coordination between individual control systems in an integrated scheme. In this paper, an Operational Network Technology (OPNET) software model of a PMU has been designed and tested for its performance in a Microgrid environment based on IEC 61850-90-5 standard.
- Authors: Kumar, Shantanu , Das, Narottam , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings , Conference paper
- Relation: 2016 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, AUPEC 2016; Brisbane, Australia; 25th-28th September 2016 p. 1-5
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Reliable protection, communication and control are the key features of a digital protection scheme in a utility substation. Microgrid is an alternative solution of installing long Transmission & Distribution lines could be cost prohibitive. There are number of Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) which could find applications in controlling and monitoring of power network in a Microgrid set up and one such device is Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU). It is a microprocessor based intelligent device which gathers high-resolution data, checks the power quality and records disturbances. However, few issues that remains to be addressed such as, interoperability in a multi-vendor equipment and coordination between individual control systems in an integrated scheme. In this paper, an Operational Network Technology (OPNET) software model of a PMU has been designed and tested for its performance in a Microgrid environment based on IEC 61850-90-5 standard.
Software implementation of two seamless redundant topologies in a digital protection system based on IEC 62439-3
- Kumar, Shantanu, Das, Narottam, Islam, Syed
- Authors: Kumar, Shantanu , Das, Narottam , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings , Conference paper
- Relation: 2016 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, AUPEC 2016; Brisbane, Australia; 25th-28th September 2016 p. 1-5
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Substations are the junctions of any transmission and distribution network in utilities. They carry bulk power to the customers using transmission network involving high voltage (HV) apparatus. Protection of HV equipment during a fault is the primary concern of an operator. Advancement in design and manufacturing of Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) and IEC 61850 are finding increased application in utilities from automation and communication perspective, which addresses few shortcomings that couldn't be resolved in a conventional system. However there are few challenges in the digital scheme such as end to end delays in the packet transfer and interoperability of devices. Utilities are able to perceive these benefits by leveraging on IEC 62439-3 which has two important topologies i.e. Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) and High-availability Seamless Redundancy (HSR). It offers seamless redundancy in digital protection network without compromising the availability and downtime cost. In this paper, an Optimized Network Engineering Tool (OPNET) is used to simulate and compare the performance of these topologies with respect to delay time.
- Description: Proceedings of the 2016 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, AUPEC 2016
- Authors: Kumar, Shantanu , Das, Narottam , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings , Conference paper
- Relation: 2016 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, AUPEC 2016; Brisbane, Australia; 25th-28th September 2016 p. 1-5
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Substations are the junctions of any transmission and distribution network in utilities. They carry bulk power to the customers using transmission network involving high voltage (HV) apparatus. Protection of HV equipment during a fault is the primary concern of an operator. Advancement in design and manufacturing of Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) and IEC 61850 are finding increased application in utilities from automation and communication perspective, which addresses few shortcomings that couldn't be resolved in a conventional system. However there are few challenges in the digital scheme such as end to end delays in the packet transfer and interoperability of devices. Utilities are able to perceive these benefits by leveraging on IEC 62439-3 which has two important topologies i.e. Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) and High-availability Seamless Redundancy (HSR). It offers seamless redundancy in digital protection network without compromising the availability and downtime cost. In this paper, an Optimized Network Engineering Tool (OPNET) is used to simulate and compare the performance of these topologies with respect to delay time.
- Description: Proceedings of the 2016 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, AUPEC 2016
Stochastic modeling of the output power of photovoltaic generators in various weather conditions
- Batool, Munira, Islam, Syed, Shahnia, Farhad
- Authors: Batool, Munira , Islam, Syed , Shahnia, Farhad
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings , Conference paper
- Relation: 2016 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, AUPEC 2016; Brisbane, Australia; 25th-28th September 2016 p. 1-5
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The intermittency of solar-powered energy sources prompt the uncertainty of load management. The influence of shading (whatever the reason may be) directly diminishes the feasible output power of the photovoltaic (PV) generators. The major causes of shading are the weather condition changes like the clouds, storms, and rains. Thereby, the dispatchable power for a distinct weather condition at an explicit time frame needs to be quantified. The stochastic modeling of a practical PV system has been performed in this paper. A step-by-step MATLAB-based algorithm is developed for tracking of dispatchable power limit using the Monte Carlo Principle. The proposed algorithm describes the weather condition as a function of cloud presence. The prescribed characteristics consist of the solar irradiance and the ambient temperature. The impact of weather changes on the output power of a PV system is evaluated by this algorithm. The results of this research are concluded by realistic data analysis taken from the Australian bureau of meteorology.
- Authors: Batool, Munira , Islam, Syed , Shahnia, Farhad
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings , Conference paper
- Relation: 2016 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, AUPEC 2016; Brisbane, Australia; 25th-28th September 2016 p. 1-5
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The intermittency of solar-powered energy sources prompt the uncertainty of load management. The influence of shading (whatever the reason may be) directly diminishes the feasible output power of the photovoltaic (PV) generators. The major causes of shading are the weather condition changes like the clouds, storms, and rains. Thereby, the dispatchable power for a distinct weather condition at an explicit time frame needs to be quantified. The stochastic modeling of a practical PV system has been performed in this paper. A step-by-step MATLAB-based algorithm is developed for tracking of dispatchable power limit using the Monte Carlo Principle. The proposed algorithm describes the weather condition as a function of cloud presence. The prescribed characteristics consist of the solar irradiance and the ambient temperature. The impact of weather changes on the output power of a PV system is evaluated by this algorithm. The results of this research are concluded by realistic data analysis taken from the Australian bureau of meteorology.
A new technique to measure interfacial tension of transformer oil using UV-Vis spectroscopy
- Abu Bakar, Norazhar, Abu-Siada, Ahmed, Islam, Syed, El-Naggar, Mohammed
- Authors: Abu Bakar, Norazhar , Abu-Siada, Ahmed , Islam, Syed , El-Naggar, Mohammed
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation Vol. 22, no. 2 (2015), p. 1275-1282
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Interfacial tension (IFT) and acid numbers of insulating oil are correlated with the number of years that a transformer has been in service and are used as a signal for transformer oil reclamation. Oil sampling for IFT measurement calls for extra precautions due to its high sensitivity to various oil parameters and environmental conditions. The current used technique to measure IFT of transformer oil is relatively expensive, requires an expert to conduct the test and it takes long time since the extraction of oil sample, sending it to external laboratory and getting the results back. This paper introduces a new technique to estimate the IFT of transformer oil using ultraviolet-to-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. UV-Vis spectral response of transformer oil can be measured instantly with relatively cheap equipment, does not need an expert person to conduct the test and has the potential to be implemented online. Results show that there is a good correlation between oil spectral response and its IFT value. Artificial neural network (ANN) approach is proposed to model this correlation.
- Authors: Abu Bakar, Norazhar , Abu-Siada, Ahmed , Islam, Syed , El-Naggar, Mohammed
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation Vol. 22, no. 2 (2015), p. 1275-1282
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Interfacial tension (IFT) and acid numbers of insulating oil are correlated with the number of years that a transformer has been in service and are used as a signal for transformer oil reclamation. Oil sampling for IFT measurement calls for extra precautions due to its high sensitivity to various oil parameters and environmental conditions. The current used technique to measure IFT of transformer oil is relatively expensive, requires an expert to conduct the test and it takes long time since the extraction of oil sample, sending it to external laboratory and getting the results back. This paper introduces a new technique to estimate the IFT of transformer oil using ultraviolet-to-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. UV-Vis spectral response of transformer oil can be measured instantly with relatively cheap equipment, does not need an expert person to conduct the test and has the potential to be implemented online. Results show that there is a good correlation between oil spectral response and its IFT value. Artificial neural network (ANN) approach is proposed to model this correlation.
Analysis of end-to-end delay characteristics for various packets in IEC 61850 substation communications system
- Das, Narottam, Ma, Wu, Islam, Syed
- Authors: Das, Narottam , Ma, Wu , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings , Conference paper
- Relation: 25th Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, AUPEC 2015, Wollongong, Australia; 27th-30th September 2015 p. 1-5
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Substation plays an important role in power system communications for safe and reliable operation of entire power networks. Substation communication networks are connected with various substation intelligent electronic devices (IEDs), which is substation systems lifeblood and the system availability is decided by its real-Time performance. International Electro-Technical Commission (IEC) has been developed the standards based on object-oriented technologies for substation automation. IEC 61850 protocol has been applied widely in substation communication applications. It presents new challenges to realtime performance simulation and testing of protective relays. In this paper, an optimized network engineering tool (OPNET) or Riverbed modeler simulation tool/ software has been used for the modeling of IED in substation level network. Based on the simulation results, different types of data stream have been discussed, such as, periodic data stream, random data stream and burst data steam. The typical studies using these models, to construct substation automation system (SAS) network on the OPNET modeler or Riverbed modeler was made to reveal the impact of each affecting parameter or factor to the real-Time performance of substation communications system, which is also incorporated in this report.
- Description: 2015 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference: Challenges for Future Grids, AUPEC 2015
- Authors: Das, Narottam , Ma, Wu , Islam, Syed
- Date: 2015
- Type: Text , Conference proceedings , Conference paper
- Relation: 25th Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, AUPEC 2015, Wollongong, Australia; 27th-30th September 2015 p. 1-5
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Substation plays an important role in power system communications for safe and reliable operation of entire power networks. Substation communication networks are connected with various substation intelligent electronic devices (IEDs), which is substation systems lifeblood and the system availability is decided by its real-Time performance. International Electro-Technical Commission (IEC) has been developed the standards based on object-oriented technologies for substation automation. IEC 61850 protocol has been applied widely in substation communication applications. It presents new challenges to realtime performance simulation and testing of protective relays. In this paper, an optimized network engineering tool (OPNET) or Riverbed modeler simulation tool/ software has been used for the modeling of IED in substation level network. Based on the simulation results, different types of data stream have been discussed, such as, periodic data stream, random data stream and burst data steam. The typical studies using these models, to construct substation automation system (SAS) network on the OPNET modeler or Riverbed modeler was made to reveal the impact of each affecting parameter or factor to the real-Time performance of substation communications system, which is also incorporated in this report.
- Description: 2015 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference: Challenges for Future Grids, AUPEC 2015