List of Titles

Statistical downscaling of general circulation model outputs to precipitation, evaporation and temperature using a key station approach

- Sachindra, Dhanapala, Huang, Fuchun, Barton, Andrew, Perera, Bimalka

Authors: Sachindra, Dhanapala , Huang, Fuchun , Barton, Andrew , Perera, Bimalka
Date: 2016
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Journal of Water and Climate Change Vol. 7, no. 4 (2016), p. 683-707
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Description: Using a key station approach, statistical downscaling of monthly general circulation model outputs to monthly precipitation, evaporation, minimum temperature and maximum temperature at 17 observation stations located in Victoria, Australia was performed. Using the observations of each predictand, over the period 1950-2010, correlations among all stations were computed. For each predictand, the station which showed the highest number of correlations above 0.80 with other stations was selected as the first key station. The stations that were highly correlated with that key station were considered as the member stations of the first cluster. By employing this same procedure on the remaining stations, the next key station was found. This procedure was performed until all stations were segregated into clusters. Thereafter, using the observations of each predictand, regression equations (inter-station regression relationships) were developed between the key stations and the member stations for each calendar month. The downscaling models at the key stations were developed using reanalysis data as inputs to them. The outputs of HadCM3 pertaining to A2 emission scenario were introduced to these downscaling models to produce projections of the predictands over the period 2000-2099. Then the outputs of these downscaling models were introduced to the inter-station regression relationships to produce projections of predictands at all member stations.

Vitamins in brewing : Effects of post-fermentation treatments and exposure and maturation on the thiamine and riboflavin vitamer content of beer

- Hucker, Barry, Vriesekoop, Frank, Vriesekoop-Beswick, Arielle, Wakeling, Lara, Vriesekoop-Besick, Hamish, Hucker, Amy

Authors: Hucker, Barry , Vriesekoop, Frank , Vriesekoop-Beswick, Arielle , Wakeling, Lara , Vriesekoop-Besick, Hamish , Hucker, Amy
Date: 2016
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Journal of the Institute of Brewing Vol. 122, no. 2 (2016), p. 278-288
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Description: Post-fermentation processes and maturation are important steps in beer production as they help to shape the organoleptic properties and stabilize the final product. Brewers can use a variety of processing aids (e.g. isinglass, PVPP, etc.) and processes (e.g. pasteurization, bottle conditioning, etc.) to achieve a desired final product with a desirable shelf life; however, these processes can have detrimental effects on the vitamin content of the beer. This research found that heat treatments have a marked influence on the decrease in the thiamine diphosphate vitamer, while PVPP and silica treatments have a greater influence on the decrease in riboflavin vitamers. Refrigeration, filtration or centrifugation have no, or only very limited, influence on thiamine or riboflavin vitamers, while application of isinglass, bentonite, tannic acid and SO2 causes a decrease in both thiamine and riboflavin vitamers. Storage of beer at refrigerated temperatures appears to provide protection against significant degradation of both thiamine and riboflavin vitamers; however, storage of filtered beer at elevated temperatures shows a decrease in thiamine diphosphate and riboflavin. Storage of bottle-conditioned beer at elevated temperatures shows a marked decrease in yeast viability, accompanied by a decrease in thiamine diphosphate and free riboflavin, and a marked increase in free thiamine. These findings provide an insight into the reason why there is a significant variation in the vitamer content of beers, even within a single beer style. © 2016 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling.

A DEM investigation on simple shear behavior of dense granular assemblies

- Shi, Danda, Xue, Jianfeng, Zhao, Zhenying, Shi, Jiyu

Authors: Shi, Danda , Xue, Jianfeng , Zhao, Zhenying , Shi, Jiyu
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Journal of Central South University Vol. 22, no. 12 (2015), p. 4844-4855
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Description: A micromechanical investigation on simple shear behavior of dense granular assemblies was carried out by discrete element method. Three series of numerical tests were performed to examine the effects of initial porosity, vertical stress and particle shape on simple shear behavior of the samples, respectively. It was found that during simple shear the directions of principal stress and principal strain increment rotate differently with shear strain level. The non-coaxiality between the two directions decreases with strain level and may greatly affect the shear behavior of the assemblies, especially their peak friction angles. The numerical modelling also reveals that the rotation of the principal direction of fabric anisotropy lags behind that of the major principal stress direction during simple shear, which is described as fabric hyteresis effect. The degrees of fabric and interparticle contact force anisotropies increase as particle angularity increases, whereas the orientations of these anisotropies have not been significantly influenced by particle shape. An extended stress-dilatancy relationship based on ROWE-DAVIS framework was proposed to consider the non-coaxiality effect under principal stress rotation. The model was validated by present numerical results as well as some published physical test and numerical modelled data. Â© 2015, Central South University Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

A new modified FMEA model for ranking the risk of maintenance waste considering hierarchy of root causes and effects

- Sutrisno, Agung, Gunawan, Indra, Khorshidi, Hadi, Tangkuman, Stenly

Authors: Sutrisno, Agung , Gunawan, Indra , Khorshidi, Hadi , Tangkuman, Stenly
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: International Journal of Quality Engineering and Technology Vol. 5, no. 3-4 (2015), p. 217-237
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Description: Implementing sustainable manufacturing practice requires efficiency of the resource utilisation and activities which add value to the operations. From this point of view, development of an improved methodology to access the criticality of non- Added value (waste) is important and believed to support the realisation of sustainable manufacturing operation. While previous studies on improving methodology to support sustainable operation from product and process design are abundantly available in the references, the contribution from maintenance field is in contrary. The goal of this study is to modify the quality improvement tool, failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) to access the criticality of waste in maintenance operation. In an attempt to realise the above goal, an empirical study to propose the theoretical and actual maintenance waste from industrial practice is undertaken. In order to assist maintenance 218 A. Sutrisno et al. decision maker to quantify criticality of maintenance waste occurrence, a new model to rank waste maintenance mode, called the waste priority number (WPN) is given. Illustrative on using model for practical purpose is given.. © 2015 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

A new reliability analysis method based on the conjugate gradient direction

- Ezzati, Ghasem, Mammadov, Musa, Kulkarni, Siddhivinayak

Authors: Ezzati, Ghasem , Mammadov, Musa , Kulkarni, Siddhivinayak
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization Vol. 51, no. 1 (2015), p. 89-98
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Description: Reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) is an important area in structural optimization. A principal step of the RBDO process is to solve a reliability analysis problem. This problem has been considered in inner loop of double-loop RBDO approaches. Although many algorithms have been developed for solving this problem, there are still some challenges. Existing algorithms do not have good convergence rates and often diverge. There is a need to develop more efficient and stable algorithms that can be used for evaluating all performance functions sufficiently. In this paper, a new method, called “Conjugate Gradient Analysis (CGA) Method”, is proposed to apply in the reliability analysis problems. This method is based on the conjugate gradient method. Some mathematical problems are provided in order to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method compared with the existing methods. © 2014, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

A novel motion classification based intermode selection strategy for HEVC performance improvement

- Podder, Pallab, Paul, Manoranjan, Murshed, Manzur

Authors: Podder, Pallab , Paul, Manoranjan , Murshed, Manzur
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Neurocomputing Vol. 173, no. Part 3 (2015), p. 1211-1220
Relation: http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP130103670
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Description: High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard adopts several new approaches to achieve higher coding efficiency (approximately 50% bit-rate reduction) compared to its predecessor H.264/AVC with same perceptual image quality. Huge computational time has also increased due to the algorithmic complexity of HEVC compared to H.264/AVC. However, it is really a demanding task to reduce the encoding time while preserving the similar quality of the video sequences. In this paper, we propose a novel efficient intermode selection technique and incorporate into HEVC framework to predict motion estimation and motion compensation modes between current and reference blocks and perform faster inter mode selection based on three dissimilar motion types in divergent video sequences. Instead of exploring and traversing all the modes exhaustively, we merely select a subset of candidate modes and the final mode from the selected subset is determined based on their lowest Lagrangian cost function. The experimental results reveal that average encoding time can be downscaled by 40% with similar rate-distortion performance compared to the exhaustive mode selection strategy in HEVC.
Description: High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard adopts several new approaches to achieve higher coding efficiency (approximately 50% bit-rate reduction) compared to its predecessor H.264/AVC with same perceptual image quality. Huge computational time has also increased due to the algorithmic complexity of HEVC compared to H.264/AVC. However, it is really a demanding task to reduce the encoding time while preserving the similar quality of the video sequences. In this paper, we propose a novel efficient intermode selection technique and incorporate into HEVC framework to predict motion estimation and motion compensation modes between current and reference blocks and perform faster inter mode selection based on three dissimilar motion types in divergent video sequences. Instead of exploring and traversing all the modes exhaustively, we merely select a subset of candidate modes and the final mode from the selected subset is determined based on their lowest Lagrangian cost function. The experimental results reveal that average encoding time can be downscaled by 40% with similar rate-distortion performance compared to the exhaustive mode selection strategy in HEVC. Â© 2015 Elsevier B.V.

Boxing headguard performance in punch machine tests

- McIntosh, Andrew, Patton, Declan

Authors: McIntosh, Andrew , Patton, Declan
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: British Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 49, no. 17 (2015), p. 1108-1112
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Description: Background: The paper presents a novel laboratory method for assessing boxing headguard impact performance. The method is applied to examine the effects of headguards on head impact dynamics and injury risk. Methods: A linear impactor was developed, and a range of impacts was delivered to an instrumented Hybrid III head and neck system both with and without an AIBA (Association Internationale de Boxe Amateur)- approved headguard. Impacts at selected speeds between 4.1 and 8.3 m/s were undertaken. The impactor mass was approximately 4 kg and an interface comprising a semirigid 'fist' with a glove was used. Results: The peak contact forces were in the range 1.9-5.9 kN. Differences in head impact responses between the Top Ten AIBA-approved headguard and bare headform in the lateral and forehead tests were large and/or significant. In the 8.3 m/s fist-glove impacts, the mean peak resultant headform accelerations for bare headform tests was approximately 130 g compared with approximately 85 g in the forehead impacts. In the 6.85 m/s bare headform impacts, mean peak resultant angular head accelerations were in the range of 5200-5600 rad/s

Competing with injuries : Injuries prior to and during the 15th FINA World Championships 2013 (aquatics)

- Mountjoy, Margo, Junge, Astrid, Benjamen, Sarah, Boyd, Kevin, Diop, Mohamed, Gerrard, David, van den Hoogenband, Cees-Rein, Marks, Saul, Martinez-Ruiz, Enrique, Miller, Jim, Nanousis, Kyriakos, Shahpar, Farhad, Veloso, Jose, van Mechelen, Willem, Verhagen, Evert

Authors: Mountjoy, Margo , Junge, Astrid , Benjamen, Sarah , Boyd, Kevin , Diop, Mohamed , Gerrard, David , van den Hoogenband, Cees-Rein , Marks, Saul , Martinez-Ruiz, Enrique , Miller, Jim , Nanousis, Kyriakos , Shahpar, Farhad , Veloso, Jose , van Mechelen, Willem , Verhagen, Evert
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: British Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 49, no. 1 (2015), p. 37-43
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Description: Background: Injury and illness surveillance is the foundation for the development of prevention strategies. Objective: To examine injuries among the aquatic disciplines in the 4 weeks prior to and during the 2013 FINA World Championships. Methods: The study was comprised of two components: (1) a retrospective athlete survey recording injuries in the 4 weeks prior to the Championships and (2) a prospective recording of injuries and illnesses by the medical teams of the participating countries and the local host medical team. Results: One-third of the 1116 responding athletes reported an injury/physical complaint in the 4 weeks prior to the Championships. Significantly more women (36.7%) than men (28.6%) reported injuries. Divers reported the highest rate of injury/physical complaints (55.7%). At the start of the Championships, 70% of injured respondents (n=258) were still symptomatic; however, full participation was expected by 76%. During the Championships, 186 new injuries were reported (8.3/100 registered athletes) with the highest injury incidence rate in water polo (15.3/100 registered athletes). The most common injured body part was the shoulder (21%). A total of 199 illnesses were reported during the Championships (9.0/100 registered athletes) with the most common diagnosis of illness being gastrointestinal infection. Environmental exposure (allergy, otitis and jellyfish stings) was responsible for 27% of all illnesses in open water swimming. Conclusions: Injuries pose a significant health risk for elite aquatic athletes. A prospective study would improve understanding of out-of-competition injuries. Future injury and illness surveillance at FINA World Championships is required to direct and measure the impact of prevention strategies.

Effect of physicochemical properties on freezing suitability of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) root

- Tu, Jing, Zhang, Min, Xu, Baoguo, Liu, Amy

Authors: Tu, Jing , Zhang, Min , Xu, Baoguo , Liu, Amy
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: International Journal of Refrigeration Vol. 50, no. (2015), p. 1-9
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Description: The initial physicochemical properties of different lotus roots were studied with the aim to evaluate their influence on freezing suitability. Six physicochemical properties indicators (starch content, whiteness index, maximum diameter, protein amount, titratable acidity and vitamin C) of lotus root were determined by principal component analysis. It was observed from the experimental results that the initial physicochemical properties of lotus root can directly affect the freezing suitability in terms of initial freezing temperature, transition phase time, total freezing time, relative firmness and drip loss. Correlation analysis suggested that relative firmness increases in proportion to starch content, and initial freezing temperature and drip loss are inversely proportional to the starch content. Compared to immersion freezing, power ultrasound can significantly improve the freezing rate and relative firmness but decrease drip loss. These results suggested that high quality frozen lotus root can be achieved via appropriately selecting high starch content lotus root and using ultrasound-assisted immersion freezing.

Effects of different freezing methods on the quality and microstructure of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) root

- Tu, Jing, Zhang, Min, Xu, Baoguo, Liu, Huihua

Authors: Tu, Jing , Zhang, Min , Xu, Baoguo , Liu, Huihua
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: International Journal of Refrigeration Vol. 52, no. (2015), p. 59-65
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Description: The effects of three freezing methods, air blast freezing (ABF), immersion freezing (IF) and ultrasound-assisted immersion freezing (UIF), on quality and microstructure of lotus roots were investigated. The parameters used to evaluate the freezing methods effect were the freezing time, color, firmness, drip loss, vitamin C and microstructure of the final frozen products. The results showed that the UIF products had several advantages in terms of the freezing time, color, firmness and drip loss over ABF and IF. No significant difference (p > 0.05) of vitamin C content was observed between the ABF and IF products, while significant difference (p < 0.05) of vitamin C was observed between UIF and ABF/IF products. ABF caused the largest destruction to the tissue, while the microstructure of the UIF products was the best preserved. It is concluded that UIF processing was a better freezing method for lotus root with improved quality and less damaged microstructure than the two other methods. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd and IIR.

Effects of recycled aggregate growth substrate on green roof vegetation development: A six year experiment

- Bates, Adam, Sadler, Jon, Greswell, Richard, Mackay, Rae

Authors: Bates, Adam , Sadler, Jon , Greswell, Richard , Mackay, Rae
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Landscape and Urban Planning Vol. 135, no. (2015), p. 22-31
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Description: Green roofs have the potential to address several of the environmental problems associated with urbanisation, and can be used as mitigation for habitats lost at ground level. Brown roofs (a type of green roof) can be used to mitigate for the loss of brownfield habitat, but the best way of designing these habitats remains unclear. This paper reports an experiment to test the effects of different types of recycled aggregate on the development of vegetation assemblages on brown roof mesocosms. Five recycled aggregates were tested: (1) crushed brick, (2) crushed demolition aggregate, (3) solid municipal waste incinerator bottom ash aggregate, (4) a 1:1 mix of 1 and 2, and (5) a 1:1 mix of 3 and 2. Each was seeded with a wildflower mix that also included some Sedum acre and vegetation development was studied over a six-year period. Species richness, assemblage character, number of plants able to seed, and plant biomass were measured. Drought disturbance was the key factor controlling changes in plant assemblage, but effects varied with substrate treatment. All treatments supported a similar plant biomass, but treatments with a high proportion of crushed brick in the growth substrate supported richer assemblages, with more species able to seed, and a smaller amount of Sedum acre. Crushed brick, or recycled aggregates with a high proportion of crushed brick, are recommended as good growth substrate materials for encouraging brown roof plant diversity. This investigation demonstrates the importance of multi-year studies of green roof development for the generation of robust findings.

Electrokinetics to modify strength characteristics of soft clayey soils : A laboratory based investigation

- Jayasekera, Samudra

Authors: Jayasekera, Samudra
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Electrochimica Acta Vol. 181, no. (2015), p. 39-47
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Description: The effects of Electrokinetic (EK) processing on compressive strength characteristics of two types of soils were investigated using laboratory experimental models. Soils were collected from soft alluvial soil deposit (Soil S1) and basaltic soil deposit (Soil S2) in central Victoria, Australia. A layer of soil was placed in glass tanks (90 cm × 18 cm plan area) and compacted to a known density and water content typical of field conditions. Using electrodes inserted into the soil, a direct current was passed across the soil under various voltage gradients (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 V/cm) for periods of 7, 14, 30 and 60 days. Throughout the experimental duration, test samples were supplied with a continuous flow of water via the hollow core anode from external reservoirs. Unconfined compression (UC) tests were conducted on original (untreated) soils and EK processed soils. From the test results it is noted that, soil compressive strength increases with the increasing processing time and increasing voltage gradients, at various rates. Under certain voltage gradients and processing times, around 175% and 200% strength increases are observed. In general, stress increases of at least 30% or more are reported for both soils under all test conditions. It is apparent that the variation in strength can be attributed to several complex and interrelated processes that become active under EK processing. These may include, (i) Electroosmotic advection - When a soil is subjected to EK processing with an open electrode configuration, the water content of the soil varies predominantly due to the electroosmotic advection while natural drying and evaporation could also add to the decrease in water content to some extent, depending on the time and environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity. The test results show that with the decrease in water content, there is a corresponding increase in the strength. (ii) Electromigration - The electromigration of charged ions and their interaction with clay minerals can also affect the soil strength due to the variations in the DDL (Diffused Double Layer) ionic concentration and subsequent modifications in the soil structure. (iii) Ionic Diffusion and Aging - After the complete termination of EK processes, the ionic concentrations still continued to modify at a slower rate. This is considered to be due to the ionic diffusion. In this phase too, cementation bonds may continue to develop that could contribute to the increase in soil strength. During this period, two other processes, i.e. natural drying of soil and aging may continue that can also affect the variation of soil strength. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Evaluation of methods for monitoring MEA degradation during pilot scale post-combustion capture of CO

- Reynolds, Alicia, Verheyen, Vincent, Adeloju, Samuel, Chaffee, Alan, Meuleman, Erik

Authors: Reynolds, Alicia , Verheyen, Vincent , Adeloju, Samuel , Chaffee, Alan , Meuleman, Erik
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Vol. 39, no. (2015), p. 407-419
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Description: Amine degradation is an important and current focus in the development of chemical absorption technology based on the use of aqueous amines for post-combustion capture (PCC) of CO

Mineralogical domains within gold provinces

- Hughes, Martin, Phillips, Neil

Authors: Hughes, Martin , Phillips, Neil
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Transactions of the Institutions of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Applied Earth Science Vol. 124, no. 3 (2015), p. 191-204
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Description: Mineralogical domains use hypogene minerals (i.e. minerals not modified by weathering) and related geochemical characteristics of mineral occurrences, not only ore deposits, to subdivide large mineralised regions. Their use in the Victorian gold province is described using readily available historical data and field checking, and this is a scheme that has not required modification since 1997.The Victorian province is typical of sediment-hosted hydrothermal ores in metamorphic terrains (often termed orogenic gold deposits). Five distinctly different mineral assemblages are used to subdivide all Victorian gold occurrences into eight domains up to hundreds of kilometres in length and tens of kilometres in width. These parallel the regional structural trend and most are closely associated with, or sharply bounded by, major regional-scale faults. Seismic work has shown these faults to be listric thrusts, which flatten into a zone of duplexed greenstones overlying older basement rocks in the deeper crust. Although not defined genetically or temporally, mineralogical domains provide an additional variable related to fluid flow to assist genetic interpretation such as the scale at which a combination of processes operates, permitting predictions as to the origin of the fluids and their pathways. The variations in mineralogy in Victorian gold occurrences indicate that ore fluid compositions differed significantly between adjacent domains, and between areas overlying different regions of deeper crust. The pattern of domains gives clues to the existence of multiple mineralising events and to the degree of overprinting of these events. Domains also assist genetic comparisons by projection into similar adjoining regions to create new domains, for example Tasmania (Mathinna domain and Lefroy sub-domain), NSW (Cobar domain) and New Zealand (Reefton domain). The domainal pattern has application to mineral exploration, metallurgy and environmental issues. Mineralogical domains could be applied elsewhere, particularly in the study of difficult-to-subdivide sedimenthosted gold ores and Archaean greenstone-hosted gold, and possibly for other commodities, especially those that occur as hydrothermal ores. © 2015 Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining and The AusIMM.

Modular implementation of artificial neural network in predicting in-flight particle characteristics of an atmospheric plasma spray process

- Choudhury, Tanveer, Berndt, Christopher, Man, Zhihong

Authors: Choudhury, Tanveer , Berndt, Christopher , Man, Zhihong
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence Vol. 45, no. (2015), p. 57-70
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Description: This paper presents a modular implementation of an artificial neural network to model the atmospheric plasma spray process in predicting the in-flight particle characteristics from the input processing parameters. The in-flight particle characteristics influence the structure and properties of the thermal spray coating and, thus, are considered important parameters to comprehend, simulate and predict the manufacturing process. The modular implementation allows simplification of the optimized model structure with enhanced ability to generalise the network. As well, the underlying relationship between each of the output in-flight characteristics with respect to the input processing parameters is explored. Smaller networks are constructed that achieves better, or in some cases, similar results. The training process is found to be more robust and stable along with fewer fluctuations in the values of the network parameters. The networks also respond to the variations of the number of hidden layer neurons with some definite trend. The predictable trend enhances reliability of the application of the artificial neural network in modelling the atmospheric plasma spray process and overcomes the variability and non-linearity associated with the process. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Notes on feasibility and optimality conditions of small-scale multifunction robotic cell scheduling problems with pickup restrictions

- Foumani, Mehdi, Gunawan, Indra, Smith-Miles, Kate, Ibrahim, Yousef

Authors: Foumani, Mehdi , Gunawan, Indra , Smith-Miles, Kate , Ibrahim, Yousef
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics Vol. 11, no. 3 (2015), p. 821-829
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Description: Optimization of robotic workcells is a growing concern in automated manufacturing systems. This study develops a methodology to maximize the production rate of a multifunction robot (MFR) operating within a rotationally arranged robotic cell. An MFR is able to perform additional special operations while in transit between transferring parts from adjacent processing stages. Considering the free-pickup scenario, the cycle time formulas are initially developed for small-scale cells where an MFR interacts with either two or three machines. A methodology for finding the optimality regions of all possible permutations is presented. The results are then extended to the no-wait pickup scenario in which all parts must be processed from the input hopper to the output hopper, without any interruption either on or between machines. This analysis enables insightful evaluation of the productivity improvements of MFRs in real-life robotized workcells. ©2014 IEEE.

Patient-Reported Outcome (PRO) questionnaires for young to middle-aged adults with hip and groin disability : A systematic review of the clinimetric evidence

- Thorborg, Kristian, Tijssen, M., Habets, B., Bartels, Else, Roos, Ewa, Kemp, Joanne, Crossley, Kay, Hölmich, Per

Authors: Thorborg, Kristian , Tijssen, M. , Habets, B. , Bartels, Else , Roos, Ewa , Kemp, Joanne , Crossley, Kay , Hölmich, Per
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: British Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 49, no. 12 (2015), p. 812
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Description: Background/aim: To recommend Patient-Reported Outcome (PRO) questionnaires to measure hip and groin disability in young-aged to middle-aged adults. Methods: A systematic review was performed in June 2014. The methodological quality of the studies included was determined using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments list (COSMIN) together with standardised evaluations of measurement properties of each PRO. Results: Twenty studies were included. Nine different questionnaires for patients with hip disability, and one for hip and groin disability, were identified. Hip And Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS), Hip Outcome Score (HOS), International Hip Outcome Tool-12 (IHOT-12) and IHOT-33 were the most thoroughly investigated PROs and studies including these PROs reported key aspects of the COSMIN checklist. HAGOS and IHOT-12 were based on studies with the least ratings of poor study methodology (23% and 31%, respectively), whereas IHOT-33 and HOS had a somewhat larger distribution (46%). These PROs all contain adequate measurement qualities for content validity (except HOS), test-retest reliability, construct validity, responsiveness and interpretability. No information or poor quality rating on methodological aspects made it impossible to fully evaluate the remaining PROs at present. Conclusions: HAGOS, HOS, IHOT-12 and IHOT-33 can be recommended for assessment of young-aged to middle-aged adults with pain related to the hip joint, undergoing non-surgical treatment or hip arthroscopy. At present, HAGOS is the only PRO also aimed for young-aged to middle-aged adults presenting with groin pain and is recommended for use in this population. Trial registration number: CRD42014009995. © 2015, BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.

Primary sources and accumulation rates of inorganic anions and dissolved metals in a MEA absorbent during PCC at a brown coal-fired power station

- Reynolds, Alicia, Verheyen, Vincent, Adeloju, Samuel, Chaffee, Alan, Meuleman, Erik

Authors: Reynolds, Alicia , Verheyen, Vincent , Adeloju, Samuel , Chaffee, Alan , Meuleman, Erik
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Vol. 41, no. (2015), p. 239-248
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Description: Post-combustion capture (PCC) of CO2 from fossil fuel-fired power station flue gas is one of many technologies that are being developed to reduce anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions in the medium term. Wet-gas scrubbing using aqueous amines is currently the most mature PCC technology suitable for separating CO2 from coal-fired power station flue gases. In this study, a series of twelve samples of a degraded 30% (w/w) MEA absorbent were obtained over a six month pilot scale PCC campaign at a brown coal-fired power station in Australia. These samples were used to investigate the accumulation of heat-stable salts, inorganics and minerals. The heat-stable salts concentration increased from 0.80 to 2.29% (w/w, as MEA) and organic acids from the oxidative degradation of MEA were the largest component of heat-stable salts. Acid gases such as SOx and NOx, make-up water, ultra-fine fly-ash and corrosion were all sources of the minerals and inorganics that accumulated in the aqueous MEA absorbent. Corrosion was the single biggest contributor of transition metals and the abrupt change in ratios of Fe, Cr and Mo suggests that the dominant corrosion mechanism may have changed towards the end of the campaign. The rapid accumulation of minerals and inorganics during this PCC campaign highlights the importance of continuing research into the interactions between amine absorbents and inorganic or mineral contaminants. The data presented in this study are an important resource for design of laboratory scale experiments to investigate these physical and chemical interactions between aqueous amines, minerals and inorganics.

Protecting the health of the @hlete : how online technology may aid our common goal to prevent injury and illness in sport

- Verhagen, Evert, Bolling, Caroline

Authors: Verhagen, Evert , Bolling, Caroline
Date: 2015
Type: Text , Journal article
Relation: British Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 49, no. 18 (2015), p. 1174-1178
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Description: Online technology dominates our era and eHealth has become a reality for sports clinicians and researchers. Contemporary online platforms enable self-monitoring and provide tailored feedback to the different stakeholders who play a role in the health and care of athletes. Innovations such as digital monitoring, mobile applications and connected hardware provide the critical tools to solve current enigmas in sports medicine research, and to streamline and facilitate injury prevention, management and rehabilitation. eHealth is not an emerging future of sports medicine-the technology to move our field forward in terms of research and practice is already available. This Analysis is based on Evert Verhagen's keynote presentation at the IOC World Conference on Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport (Monaco, 12 April 2014). It outlines the use of eHealth in research, implementation and practice, and provides an overview of possibilities and opportunities that existing and emerging eHealth solutions provide for sports and exercise medicine and physiotherapy.

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