A multilevel longitudinal study of obsessive compulsive symptoms in adolescence: Male gender and emotional stability as protective factors
- Stavropoulos, Vasileios, Moore, Kathleen, Lazaratou, Helen, Dikeos, Dimitris, Gomez, Rapson
- Authors: Stavropoulos, Vasileios , Moore, Kathleen , Lazaratou, Helen , Dikeos, Dimitris , Gomez, Rapson
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Annals of General Psychiatry Vol. 16, no. 42 (2017), p.1-12
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The severity of obsessive compulsive symptoms (OCS) is suggested to be normally distributed in the general population, and they appear to have an impact on a range of aspects of adolescent development. Importantly, there are individual differences regarding susceptibility to OCS. In the present repeated measures study, OCS were studied in relation to gender and emotional stability (as a personality trait) using a normative sample of 515 adolescents at ages 16 and 18 years. OCS were assessed with the relevant subscale of the SCL-90-R and emotional stability with the Five Factor Questionnaire. A three-level hierarchical linear model was calculated to longitudinally assess the over time variations of OCS and their over time links to gender and emotional stability, while controlling for random effects due to the nesting of the data. Experiencing OCS increased with age (between 16 and 18 years). Additionally, male gender and higher emotional stability were associated with lower OCS at 16 years and these remained stable over time. Results indicate age-related and between individual differences on reported OCS that need to be considered for prevention and intervention planning.
- Authors: Stavropoulos, Vasileios , Moore, Kathleen , Lazaratou, Helen , Dikeos, Dimitris , Gomez, Rapson
- Date: 2017
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Annals of General Psychiatry Vol. 16, no. 42 (2017), p.1-12
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The severity of obsessive compulsive symptoms (OCS) is suggested to be normally distributed in the general population, and they appear to have an impact on a range of aspects of adolescent development. Importantly, there are individual differences regarding susceptibility to OCS. In the present repeated measures study, OCS were studied in relation to gender and emotional stability (as a personality trait) using a normative sample of 515 adolescents at ages 16 and 18 years. OCS were assessed with the relevant subscale of the SCL-90-R and emotional stability with the Five Factor Questionnaire. A three-level hierarchical linear model was calculated to longitudinally assess the over time variations of OCS and their over time links to gender and emotional stability, while controlling for random effects due to the nesting of the data. Experiencing OCS increased with age (between 16 and 18 years). Additionally, male gender and higher emotional stability were associated with lower OCS at 16 years and these remained stable over time. Results indicate age-related and between individual differences on reported OCS that need to be considered for prevention and intervention planning.
Everyday victimization of adolescent girls by boys: Sexual harassment, bullying or aggression?
- Shute, Rosalyn, Owens, Larry, Slee, Phillip
- Authors: Shute, Rosalyn , Owens, Larry , Slee, Phillip
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Sex Roles Vol. 58, no. 7-8 (2008), p. 477-489
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- Description: School-based sexual harassment of adolescent girls by boys appears commonplace, yet aggression and bullying studies rarely yield sexualized material. This qualitative Australian study with 72 14- to 15-year-olds and 7 teachers aimed to discover whether interviewer use of neutral language in gender-segregated focus groups and interviews would yield material indicating that the victimization of girls by boys is sexualized. Verbal and indirect victimization were reported to be everyday occurrences, and almost entirely sexual. Findings are discussed in the light of definitions of sexual harassment, bullying and aggression. It is concluded that the term "sexual bullying" appropriately captures the gendered power structure underlying these behaviors. As such, they need to be understood, and become visible, more broadly than in terms of individual pathology. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
- Description: C1
- Authors: Shute, Rosalyn , Owens, Larry , Slee, Phillip
- Date: 2008
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Sex Roles Vol. 58, no. 7-8 (2008), p. 477-489
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: School-based sexual harassment of adolescent girls by boys appears commonplace, yet aggression and bullying studies rarely yield sexualized material. This qualitative Australian study with 72 14- to 15-year-olds and 7 teachers aimed to discover whether interviewer use of neutral language in gender-segregated focus groups and interviews would yield material indicating that the victimization of girls by boys is sexualized. Verbal and indirect victimization were reported to be everyday occurrences, and almost entirely sexual. Findings are discussed in the light of definitions of sexual harassment, bullying and aggression. It is concluded that the term "sexual bullying" appropriately captures the gendered power structure underlying these behaviors. As such, they need to be understood, and become visible, more broadly than in terms of individual pathology. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
- Description: C1
Predictors of social competence in young adolescents with craniofacial anomalies
- Shute, Rosalyn, McCarthy, Karen, Roberts, Rachel
- Authors: Shute, Rosalyn , McCarthy, Karen , Roberts, Rachel
- Date: 2007
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology Vol. 7, no. 3 (2007), p. 595-613
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This descriptive study shows the development and evaluation of a model of social competence in young adolescents with craniofacial anomalies. Craniofacial patients (N = 48, 11-14 years) completed the Social Anxiety Scale for Children, selected subscales of the Self-Perception Scale for Adolescents and the Social Support Scale for Children. Their parents completed the Child Behaviour Checklist. Facial disfigurement was independently rated. Multiple regression analyses suggested a revised model in which one aspect of social anxiety (social avoidance/distress) predicts social competence, with peer support as a mediator, while the other aspect of social anxiety (fear of negative evaluation) predicts social competence, with parental support as a mediator. Severity of facial disfigurement was not related to any psychological variable. While self-worth predicted social competence when considered alone, this relationship disappeared when the other variables were taken into account; self-worth remained closely associated with fear of negative evaluation. Although mean Child Behaviour Checklist scores were in the normal range, almost half the adolescents had psychological problems of clinical concern. The results suggest that young adolescents with craniofacial anomalies require psychological assessment regardless of degree of disfigurement. Interventions to reduce social anxiety and improve social support may be of particular value for promoting social competence. © International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003005750
- Authors: Shute, Rosalyn , McCarthy, Karen , Roberts, Rachel
- Date: 2007
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology Vol. 7, no. 3 (2007), p. 595-613
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: This descriptive study shows the development and evaluation of a model of social competence in young adolescents with craniofacial anomalies. Craniofacial patients (N = 48, 11-14 years) completed the Social Anxiety Scale for Children, selected subscales of the Self-Perception Scale for Adolescents and the Social Support Scale for Children. Their parents completed the Child Behaviour Checklist. Facial disfigurement was independently rated. Multiple regression analyses suggested a revised model in which one aspect of social anxiety (social avoidance/distress) predicts social competence, with peer support as a mediator, while the other aspect of social anxiety (fear of negative evaluation) predicts social competence, with parental support as a mediator. Severity of facial disfigurement was not related to any psychological variable. While self-worth predicted social competence when considered alone, this relationship disappeared when the other variables were taken into account; self-worth remained closely associated with fear of negative evaluation. Although mean Child Behaviour Checklist scores were in the normal range, almost half the adolescents had psychological problems of clinical concern. The results suggest that young adolescents with craniofacial anomalies require psychological assessment regardless of degree of disfigurement. Interventions to reduce social anxiety and improve social support may be of particular value for promoting social competence. © International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology.
- Description: C1
- Description: 2003005750
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