Compulsive exercise and its relationship with mental health and psychosocial wellbeing in recreational exercisers and athletes
- Cosh, Suzanne, McNeil, Dominic, Tully, Phillip
- Authors: Cosh, Suzanne , McNeil, Dominic , Tully, Phillip
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 26, no. 7 (2023), p. 338-344
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objectives: Better understanding of compulsive exercise is needed in sports medicine. Whilst compulsive exercise may impact mental health, the limited research exploring the relationship between compulsive exercise and psychosocial outcomes is equivocal. The majority of studies have examined eating disorder populations where the eating disorder pathology might account for distress. This study explores relationships between compulsive exercise and mental health. Design: Cross-sectional observational study. Methods: Australian recreational exercisers and athletes (N = 1157; Mage 36.4, standard deviation = 12.9, 77 % female) recruited through sporting organisations, clubs, and gyms, completed measures of compulsive exercise, depression, anxiety, stress, life satisfaction, social physique anxiety, and self-esteem. Regression analyses examined relationships between dimensions of compulsive exercise and wellbeing. Results: After adjustment for eating disorder symptoms and sporting level, compulsive exercise was associated with increased risk of clinically-significant anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms. Compulsive exercise was also associated with lower life satisfaction and self-esteem, and higher social physique anxiety. Notably, different dimensions of compulsive exercise had varying relationships with outcomes, and avoidance and rule-driven behaviour and lack of exercise enjoyment were associated with poorer mental health and wellbeing. Conclusions: Results suggest that compulsive exercise is uniquely associated with a range of psychosocial and mental health outcomes. Results support the need to improve identification and treatment of compulsive exercise in sport and exercise settings. Results highlight that mental health intervention is an important component of treatment, and treatments targeting symptoms related to avoidance and rule-driven behaviour, and anhedonia may be valuable treatment components for those with compulsive exercise. © 2023 The Author(s)
- Authors: Cosh, Suzanne , McNeil, Dominic , Tully, Phillip
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 26, no. 7 (2023), p. 338-344
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objectives: Better understanding of compulsive exercise is needed in sports medicine. Whilst compulsive exercise may impact mental health, the limited research exploring the relationship between compulsive exercise and psychosocial outcomes is equivocal. The majority of studies have examined eating disorder populations where the eating disorder pathology might account for distress. This study explores relationships between compulsive exercise and mental health. Design: Cross-sectional observational study. Methods: Australian recreational exercisers and athletes (N = 1157; Mage 36.4, standard deviation = 12.9, 77 % female) recruited through sporting organisations, clubs, and gyms, completed measures of compulsive exercise, depression, anxiety, stress, life satisfaction, social physique anxiety, and self-esteem. Regression analyses examined relationships between dimensions of compulsive exercise and wellbeing. Results: After adjustment for eating disorder symptoms and sporting level, compulsive exercise was associated with increased risk of clinically-significant anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms. Compulsive exercise was also associated with lower life satisfaction and self-esteem, and higher social physique anxiety. Notably, different dimensions of compulsive exercise had varying relationships with outcomes, and avoidance and rule-driven behaviour and lack of exercise enjoyment were associated with poorer mental health and wellbeing. Conclusions: Results suggest that compulsive exercise is uniquely associated with a range of psychosocial and mental health outcomes. Results support the need to improve identification and treatment of compulsive exercise in sport and exercise settings. Results highlight that mental health intervention is an important component of treatment, and treatments targeting symptoms related to avoidance and rule-driven behaviour, and anhedonia may be valuable treatment components for those with compulsive exercise. © 2023 The Author(s)
Concussion assessment and management — what do community-level cricket participants know?
- Kodikara, Dulan, Plumb, Mandy, Twomey, Dara
- Authors: Kodikara, Dulan , Plumb, Mandy , Twomey, Dara
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 26, no. 9 (2023), p. 448-453
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objectives: To explore Australian cricket participants' knowledge of concussion assessment and management, and awareness of current concussion guidelines. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Methods: Novel and validated surveys were disseminated online, among over 16 year Australian cricket players and officials at the end of the 2018/19 cricket season. Data were collected on knowledge and awareness of concussion and analysed using descriptive statistics and crosstabulations. Further comparisons were made for the players between injured and non-injured, and helmet wearers and non-helmet wearers using Fisher's exact statistical test. Results: Both players (n = 224, 93 %) and officials (n = 36, 100 %) demonstrated strong knowledge of the importance of immediately evaluating suspected concussions. In comparison with players without helmets (n = 11), those using helmets (n = 135) considered replacing their helmets after a concussion to be vital to concussion assessment (p = 0.02). Overall, 80–97 % of players and 81–97 % of officials understood the importance of many factors regarding concussion management. When concussion management knowledge was compared by injury status, injured players (n = 17, 94 %) believed someone with a concussion should be hospitalised immediately, in contrast to non-injured players (n = 154, 69 %) (p = 0.04). Players (63 %) were less aware of concussion guidelines than officials (81 %). Conclusions: Overall, the knowledge of concussion assessment and management was satisfactory. However, there were discrepancies among players on some aspects of awareness of concussion guidelines. Increasing players' familiarity and experience in using the concussion guidelines is warranted. Targeted campaigns are needed to further improve concussion recognition and treatment at community-level cricket, so all participants play a role in making cricket a safe sport. © 2023
- Authors: Kodikara, Dulan , Plumb, Mandy , Twomey, Dara
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 26, no. 9 (2023), p. 448-453
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objectives: To explore Australian cricket participants' knowledge of concussion assessment and management, and awareness of current concussion guidelines. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Methods: Novel and validated surveys were disseminated online, among over 16 year Australian cricket players and officials at the end of the 2018/19 cricket season. Data were collected on knowledge and awareness of concussion and analysed using descriptive statistics and crosstabulations. Further comparisons were made for the players between injured and non-injured, and helmet wearers and non-helmet wearers using Fisher's exact statistical test. Results: Both players (n = 224, 93 %) and officials (n = 36, 100 %) demonstrated strong knowledge of the importance of immediately evaluating suspected concussions. In comparison with players without helmets (n = 11), those using helmets (n = 135) considered replacing their helmets after a concussion to be vital to concussion assessment (p = 0.02). Overall, 80–97 % of players and 81–97 % of officials understood the importance of many factors regarding concussion management. When concussion management knowledge was compared by injury status, injured players (n = 17, 94 %) believed someone with a concussion should be hospitalised immediately, in contrast to non-injured players (n = 154, 69 %) (p = 0.04). Players (63 %) were less aware of concussion guidelines than officials (81 %). Conclusions: Overall, the knowledge of concussion assessment and management was satisfactory. However, there were discrepancies among players on some aspects of awareness of concussion guidelines. Increasing players' familiarity and experience in using the concussion guidelines is warranted. Targeted campaigns are needed to further improve concussion recognition and treatment at community-level cricket, so all participants play a role in making cricket a safe sport. © 2023
Gambling-related suicide in Victoria, Australia : a population-based cross-sectional study
- Rintoul, Angela, Dwyer, Jeremy, Millar, Ciara, Bugeja, Lyndal, Nguyen, Huy
- Authors: Rintoul, Angela , Dwyer, Jeremy , Millar, Ciara , Bugeja, Lyndal , Nguyen, Huy
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific Vol. 41, no. (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Gambling is associated with serious harms to health, including suicide. Yet public health systems for recording the role of gambling in suicide deaths are relatively underdeveloped. This study contributes to the understanding of this relationship. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study of suicides reported to the Coroners Court of Victoria between 2009 and 2016 was performed to identify the incidence and characteristics of gambling-related suicides (GRS). Findings: From 2009 to 2016 there were 4788 suicide deaths in Victoria. Of these, 184 were identified as direct GRS and a further 17 were GRS by ‘affected others’. Together, these GRS comprise 4.2% of all suicides in Victoria over this eight-year period. Direct GRS account for an annual average rate of 5.13 GRS per million Victorian adults. GRS were significantly more likely to be male (n = 153, 83%), than the Victorian population of total suicide deaths and significantly more likely to occur among those most disadvantaged. Family members and friends were more likely than clinicians to know about the deceased gambling. Interpretation: Given that gambling is not routinely investigated by coroners and may be hidden from family, friends, and health professionals, this is an underestimate of the true scale of the GRS in Victoria. A range of measures should be introduced to prevent, screen, support, and treat gambling harm. Family members and friends should also be provided with help services. Preventing gambling-related harm through public health measures could significantly reduce suicidality and suicide, both in Australia and globally. Funding: Federation University Australia, Coroners Court of Victoria, Suicide Prevention Australia. © 2023 The Authors
- Authors: Rintoul, Angela , Dwyer, Jeremy , Millar, Ciara , Bugeja, Lyndal , Nguyen, Huy
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific Vol. 41, no. (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Gambling is associated with serious harms to health, including suicide. Yet public health systems for recording the role of gambling in suicide deaths are relatively underdeveloped. This study contributes to the understanding of this relationship. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study of suicides reported to the Coroners Court of Victoria between 2009 and 2016 was performed to identify the incidence and characteristics of gambling-related suicides (GRS). Findings: From 2009 to 2016 there were 4788 suicide deaths in Victoria. Of these, 184 were identified as direct GRS and a further 17 were GRS by ‘affected others’. Together, these GRS comprise 4.2% of all suicides in Victoria over this eight-year period. Direct GRS account for an annual average rate of 5.13 GRS per million Victorian adults. GRS were significantly more likely to be male (n = 153, 83%), than the Victorian population of total suicide deaths and significantly more likely to occur among those most disadvantaged. Family members and friends were more likely than clinicians to know about the deceased gambling. Interpretation: Given that gambling is not routinely investigated by coroners and may be hidden from family, friends, and health professionals, this is an underestimate of the true scale of the GRS in Victoria. A range of measures should be introduced to prevent, screen, support, and treat gambling harm. Family members and friends should also be provided with help services. Preventing gambling-related harm through public health measures could significantly reduce suicidality and suicide, both in Australia and globally. Funding: Federation University Australia, Coroners Court of Victoria, Suicide Prevention Australia. © 2023 The Authors
Global burden of chronic respiratory diseases and risk factors, 1990–2019: an update from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Momtazmanesh, Sara, Moghaddam, Sahar, Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi, Rad, Elaheh, Rezaei, Negar, Shobeiri, Parnian, Aali, Amirali, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdulah, Deldar, Md Abdullah, Abu, Abedi, Aidin, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abrehdari-Tafreshi, Zahra, Achappa, Basavaprabhu, Adane, Denberu, Adane, Tigist, Addo, Isaac, Adnan, Mohammad, Adnani, Qorinah, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Ayman, Rashid, Tarik, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Alahdab, Fares, Ur Rahman, Mohammad Hifz, oh, oi, oj, ok;, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Authors: Momtazmanesh, Sara , Moghaddam, Sahar , Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi , Rad, Elaheh , Rezaei, Negar , Shobeiri, Parnian , Aali, Amirali , Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen , Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab , Abdelmasseh, Michael , Abdoun, Meriem , Abdulah, Deldar , Md Abdullah, Abu , Abedi, Aidin , Abolhassani, Hassan , Abrehdari-Tafreshi, Zahra , Achappa, Basavaprabhu , Adane, Denberu , Adane, Tigist , Addo, Isaac , Adnan, Mohammad , Adnani, Qorinah , Ahmad, Sajjad , Ahmadi, Ali , Ahmadi, Keivan , Ahmed, Ali , Ahmed, Ayman , Rashid, Tarik , Al Hamad, Hanadi , Alahdab, Fares , Ur Rahman, Mohammad Hifz , oh, oi, oj, ok; , Rahman, Mosiur , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: eClinicalMedicine Vol. 59, no. (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Updated data on chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are vital in their prevention, control, and treatment in the path to achieving the third UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a one-third reduction in premature mortality from non-communicable diseases by 2030. We provided global, regional, and national estimates of the burden of CRDs and their attributable risks from 1990 to 2019. Methods: Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we estimated mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), prevalence, and incidence of CRDs, i.e. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pneumoconiosis, interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis, and other CRDs, from 1990 to 2019 by sex, age, region, and Socio-demographic Index (SDI) in 204 countries and territories. Deaths and DALYs from CRDs attributable to each risk factor were estimated according to relative risks, risk exposure, and the theoretical minimum risk exposure level input. Findings: In 2019, CRDs were the third leading cause of death responsible for 4.0 million deaths (95% uncertainty interval 3.6–4.3) with a prevalence of 454.6 million cases (417.4–499.1) globally. While the total deaths and prevalence of CRDs have increased by 28.5% and 39.8%, the age-standardised rates have dropped by 41.7% and 16.9% from 1990 to 2019, respectively. COPD, with 212.3 million (200.4–225.1) prevalent cases, was the primary cause of deaths from CRDs, accounting for 3.3 million (2.9–3.6) deaths. With 262.4 million (224.1–309.5) prevalent cases, asthma had the highest prevalence among CRDs. The age-standardised rates of all burden measures of COPD, asthma, and pneumoconiosis have reduced globally from 1990 to 2019. Nevertheless, the age-standardised rates of incidence and prevalence of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis have increased throughout this period. Low- and low-middle SDI countries had the highest age-standardised death and DALYs rates while the high SDI quintile had the highest prevalence rate of CRDs. The highest deaths and DALYs from CRDs were attributed to smoking globally, followed by air pollution and occupational risks. Non-optimal temperature and high body-mass index were additional risk factors for COPD and asthma, respectively. Interpretation: Albeit the age-standardised prevalence, death, and DALYs rates of CRDs have decreased, they still cause a substantial burden and deaths worldwide. The high death and DALYs rates in low and low-middle SDI countries highlights the urgent need for improved preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic measures. Global strategies for tobacco control, enhancing air quality, reducing occupational hazards, and fostering clean cooking fuels are crucial steps in reducing the burden of CRDs, especially in low- and lower-middle income countries. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2023 The Authors
- Authors: Momtazmanesh, Sara , Moghaddam, Sahar , Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi , Rad, Elaheh , Rezaei, Negar , Shobeiri, Parnian , Aali, Amirali , Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen , Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab , Abdelmasseh, Michael , Abdoun, Meriem , Abdulah, Deldar , Md Abdullah, Abu , Abedi, Aidin , Abolhassani, Hassan , Abrehdari-Tafreshi, Zahra , Achappa, Basavaprabhu , Adane, Denberu , Adane, Tigist , Addo, Isaac , Adnan, Mohammad , Adnani, Qorinah , Ahmad, Sajjad , Ahmadi, Ali , Ahmadi, Keivan , Ahmed, Ali , Ahmed, Ayman , Rashid, Tarik , Al Hamad, Hanadi , Alahdab, Fares , Ur Rahman, Mohammad Hifz , oh, oi, oj, ok; , Rahman, Mosiur , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: eClinicalMedicine Vol. 59, no. (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Updated data on chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are vital in their prevention, control, and treatment in the path to achieving the third UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a one-third reduction in premature mortality from non-communicable diseases by 2030. We provided global, regional, and national estimates of the burden of CRDs and their attributable risks from 1990 to 2019. Methods: Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we estimated mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), prevalence, and incidence of CRDs, i.e. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pneumoconiosis, interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis, and other CRDs, from 1990 to 2019 by sex, age, region, and Socio-demographic Index (SDI) in 204 countries and territories. Deaths and DALYs from CRDs attributable to each risk factor were estimated according to relative risks, risk exposure, and the theoretical minimum risk exposure level input. Findings: In 2019, CRDs were the third leading cause of death responsible for 4.0 million deaths (95% uncertainty interval 3.6–4.3) with a prevalence of 454.6 million cases (417.4–499.1) globally. While the total deaths and prevalence of CRDs have increased by 28.5% and 39.8%, the age-standardised rates have dropped by 41.7% and 16.9% from 1990 to 2019, respectively. COPD, with 212.3 million (200.4–225.1) prevalent cases, was the primary cause of deaths from CRDs, accounting for 3.3 million (2.9–3.6) deaths. With 262.4 million (224.1–309.5) prevalent cases, asthma had the highest prevalence among CRDs. The age-standardised rates of all burden measures of COPD, asthma, and pneumoconiosis have reduced globally from 1990 to 2019. Nevertheless, the age-standardised rates of incidence and prevalence of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis have increased throughout this period. Low- and low-middle SDI countries had the highest age-standardised death and DALYs rates while the high SDI quintile had the highest prevalence rate of CRDs. The highest deaths and DALYs from CRDs were attributed to smoking globally, followed by air pollution and occupational risks. Non-optimal temperature and high body-mass index were additional risk factors for COPD and asthma, respectively. Interpretation: Albeit the age-standardised prevalence, death, and DALYs rates of CRDs have decreased, they still cause a substantial burden and deaths worldwide. The high death and DALYs rates in low and low-middle SDI countries highlights the urgent need for improved preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic measures. Global strategies for tobacco control, enhancing air quality, reducing occupational hazards, and fostering clean cooking fuels are crucial steps in reducing the burden of CRDs, especially in low- and lower-middle income countries. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2023 The Authors
Global, regional, and national burden of meningitis and its aetiologies, 1990–2019 : a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019
- Wunrow, Han, Bender, Rose, Vongpradith, Avina, Sirota, Sarah, Swetschinski, Lucien, Novotney, Amanda, Gray, Authia, Ikuta, Kevin, Sharara, Fablina, Wool, Eve, Aali, Amirali, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdollahi, Ashkan, Abdul Aziz, Jeza, Abidi, Hassan, Aboagye, Richard, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Adamu, Lawan, Adane, Tigist, Addo, Isaac, Adegboye, Oyelola, Adekiya, Tayo, Adnan, Mohammad, Adnani, Qorinah, Afzal, Saira, Aghamiri, Shahin, Aghdam, Zahra, Agodi, Antonella, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Authors: Wunrow, Han , Bender, Rose , Vongpradith, Avina , Sirota, Sarah , Swetschinski, Lucien , Novotney, Amanda , Gray, Authia , Ikuta, Kevin , Sharara, Fablina , Wool, Eve , Aali, Amirali , Abd-Elsalam, Sherief , Abdollahi, Ashkan , Abdul Aziz, Jeza , Abidi, Hassan , Aboagye, Richard , Abolhassani, Hassan , Abu-Gharbieh, Eman , Adamu, Lawan , Adane, Tigist , Addo, Isaac , Adegboye, Oyelola , Adekiya, Tayo , Adnan, Mohammad , Adnani, Qorinah , Afzal, Saira , Aghamiri, Shahin , Aghdam, Zahra , Agodi, Antonella , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: The Lancet Neurology Vol. 22, no. 8 (2023), p. 685-711
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Although meningitis is largely preventable, it still causes hundreds of thousands of deaths globally each year. WHO set ambitious goals to reduce meningitis cases by 2030, and assessing trends in the global meningitis burden can help track progress and identify gaps in achieving these goals. Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we aimed to assess incident cases and deaths due to acute infectious meningitis by aetiology and age from 1990 to 2019, for 204 countries and territories. Methods: We modelled meningitis mortality using vital registration, verbal autopsy, sample-based vital registration, and mortality surveillance data. Meningitis morbidity was modelled with a Bayesian compartmental model, using data from the published literature identified by a systematic review, as well as surveillance data, inpatient hospital admissions, health insurance claims, and cause-specific meningitis mortality estimates. For aetiology estimation, data from multiple causes of death, vital registration, hospital discharge, microbial laboratory, and literature studies were analysed by use of a network analysis model to estimate the proportion of meningitis deaths and cases attributable to the following aetiologies: Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, group B Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, viruses, and a residual other pathogen category. Findings: In 2019, there were an estimated 236 000 deaths (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 204 000–277 000) and 2·51 million (2·11–2·99) incident cases due to meningitis globally. The burden was greatest in children younger than 5 years, with 112 000 deaths (87 400–145 000) and 1·28 million incident cases (0·947–1·71) in 2019. Age-standardised mortality rates decreased from 7·5 (6·6–8·4) per 100 000 population in 1990 to 3·3 (2·8–3·9) per 100 000 population in 2019. The highest proportion of total all-age meningitis deaths in 2019 was attributable to S pneumoniae (18·1% [17·1–19·2]), followed by N meningitidis (13·6% [12·7–14·4]) and K pneumoniae (12·2% [10·2–14·3]). Between 1990 and 2019, H influenzae showed the largest reduction in the number of deaths among children younger than 5 years (76·5% [69·5–81·8]), followed by N meningitidis (72·3% [64·4–78·5]) and viruses (58·2% [47·1–67·3]). Interpretation: Substantial progress has been made in reducing meningitis mortality over the past three decades. However, more meningitis-related deaths might be prevented by quickly scaling up immunisation and expanding access to health services. Further reduction in the global meningitis burden should be possible through low-cost multivalent vaccines, increased access to accurate and rapid diagnostic assays, enhanced surveillance, and early treatment. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 30 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Muhammad Aziz Rahman” is provided in this record**
- Authors: Wunrow, Han , Bender, Rose , Vongpradith, Avina , Sirota, Sarah , Swetschinski, Lucien , Novotney, Amanda , Gray, Authia , Ikuta, Kevin , Sharara, Fablina , Wool, Eve , Aali, Amirali , Abd-Elsalam, Sherief , Abdollahi, Ashkan , Abdul Aziz, Jeza , Abidi, Hassan , Aboagye, Richard , Abolhassani, Hassan , Abu-Gharbieh, Eman , Adamu, Lawan , Adane, Tigist , Addo, Isaac , Adegboye, Oyelola , Adekiya, Tayo , Adnan, Mohammad , Adnani, Qorinah , Afzal, Saira , Aghamiri, Shahin , Aghdam, Zahra , Agodi, Antonella , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: The Lancet Neurology Vol. 22, no. 8 (2023), p. 685-711
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Although meningitis is largely preventable, it still causes hundreds of thousands of deaths globally each year. WHO set ambitious goals to reduce meningitis cases by 2030, and assessing trends in the global meningitis burden can help track progress and identify gaps in achieving these goals. Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we aimed to assess incident cases and deaths due to acute infectious meningitis by aetiology and age from 1990 to 2019, for 204 countries and territories. Methods: We modelled meningitis mortality using vital registration, verbal autopsy, sample-based vital registration, and mortality surveillance data. Meningitis morbidity was modelled with a Bayesian compartmental model, using data from the published literature identified by a systematic review, as well as surveillance data, inpatient hospital admissions, health insurance claims, and cause-specific meningitis mortality estimates. For aetiology estimation, data from multiple causes of death, vital registration, hospital discharge, microbial laboratory, and literature studies were analysed by use of a network analysis model to estimate the proportion of meningitis deaths and cases attributable to the following aetiologies: Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, group B Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, viruses, and a residual other pathogen category. Findings: In 2019, there were an estimated 236 000 deaths (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 204 000–277 000) and 2·51 million (2·11–2·99) incident cases due to meningitis globally. The burden was greatest in children younger than 5 years, with 112 000 deaths (87 400–145 000) and 1·28 million incident cases (0·947–1·71) in 2019. Age-standardised mortality rates decreased from 7·5 (6·6–8·4) per 100 000 population in 1990 to 3·3 (2·8–3·9) per 100 000 population in 2019. The highest proportion of total all-age meningitis deaths in 2019 was attributable to S pneumoniae (18·1% [17·1–19·2]), followed by N meningitidis (13·6% [12·7–14·4]) and K pneumoniae (12·2% [10·2–14·3]). Between 1990 and 2019, H influenzae showed the largest reduction in the number of deaths among children younger than 5 years (76·5% [69·5–81·8]), followed by N meningitidis (72·3% [64·4–78·5]) and viruses (58·2% [47·1–67·3]). Interpretation: Substantial progress has been made in reducing meningitis mortality over the past three decades. However, more meningitis-related deaths might be prevented by quickly scaling up immunisation and expanding access to health services. Further reduction in the global meningitis burden should be possible through low-cost multivalent vaccines, increased access to accurate and rapid diagnostic assays, enhanced surveillance, and early treatment. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 30 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Muhammad Aziz Rahman” is provided in this record**
Global, regional, and national incidence of six major immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: findings from the global burden of disease study 2019
- Wu, Dongze, Jin, Yingzhao, Xing, Yuhan, Abate, Melsew, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abdollahifar, Mohammad-Amin, Abdulah, Deldar, Abedi, Aidin, Abedi, Vida, Abidi, Hassan, Aboagye, Richard, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abuabara, Katrina, Abyadeh, Morteza, Addo, Isaac, Adeniji, Kayode, Adepoju, Abiola, Adesina, Miracle, Adnani, Qorinah, Afarideh, Mohsen, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agodi, Antonella, Agrawal, Anurag, Arriagada, Constanza, Ahmad, Antonella, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Alif, Sheikh
- Authors: Wu, Dongze , Jin, Yingzhao , Xing, Yuhan , Abate, Melsew , Abbasian, Mohammadreza , Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen , Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab , Abd-Allah, Foad , Abdelmasseh, Michael , Abdollahifar, Mohammad-Amin , Abdulah, Deldar , Abedi, Aidin , Abedi, Vida , Abidi, Hassan , Aboagye, Richard , Abolhassani, Hassan , Abuabara, Katrina , Abyadeh, Morteza , Addo, Isaac , Adeniji, Kayode , Adepoju, Abiola , Adesina, Miracle , Adnani, Qorinah , Afarideh, Mohsen , Aghamiri, Shahin , Agodi, Antonella , Agrawal, Anurag , Arriagada, Constanza , Ahmad, Antonella , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz , Alif, Sheikh
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: eClinicalMedicine Vol. 64, no. (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: The causes for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are diverse and the incidence trends of IMIDs from specific causes are rarely studied. The study aims to investigate the pattern and trend of IMIDs from 1990 to 2019. Methods: We collected detailed information on six major causes of IMIDs, including asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis, between 1990 and 2019, derived from the Global Burden of Disease study in 2019. The average annual percent change (AAPC) in number of incidents and age standardized incidence rate (ASR) on IMIDs, by sex, age, region, and causes, were calculated to quantify the temporal trends. Findings: In 2019, rheumatoid arthritis, atopic dermatitis, asthma, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease accounted 1.59%, 36.17%, 54.71%, 0.09%, 6.84%, 0.60% of overall new IMIDs cases, respectively. The ASR of IMIDs showed substantial regional and global variation with the highest in High SDI region, High-income North America, and United States of America. Throughout human lifespan, the age distribution of incident cases from six IMIDs was quite different. Globally, incident cases of IMIDs increased with an AAPC of 0.68 and the ASR decreased with an AAPC of
- Authors: Wu, Dongze , Jin, Yingzhao , Xing, Yuhan , Abate, Melsew , Abbasian, Mohammadreza , Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen , Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab , Abd-Allah, Foad , Abdelmasseh, Michael , Abdollahifar, Mohammad-Amin , Abdulah, Deldar , Abedi, Aidin , Abedi, Vida , Abidi, Hassan , Aboagye, Richard , Abolhassani, Hassan , Abuabara, Katrina , Abyadeh, Morteza , Addo, Isaac , Adeniji, Kayode , Adepoju, Abiola , Adesina, Miracle , Adnani, Qorinah , Afarideh, Mohsen , Aghamiri, Shahin , Agodi, Antonella , Agrawal, Anurag , Arriagada, Constanza , Ahmad, Antonella , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz , Alif, Sheikh
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: eClinicalMedicine Vol. 64, no. (2023), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: The causes for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are diverse and the incidence trends of IMIDs from specific causes are rarely studied. The study aims to investigate the pattern and trend of IMIDs from 1990 to 2019. Methods: We collected detailed information on six major causes of IMIDs, including asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis, between 1990 and 2019, derived from the Global Burden of Disease study in 2019. The average annual percent change (AAPC) in number of incidents and age standardized incidence rate (ASR) on IMIDs, by sex, age, region, and causes, were calculated to quantify the temporal trends. Findings: In 2019, rheumatoid arthritis, atopic dermatitis, asthma, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease accounted 1.59%, 36.17%, 54.71%, 0.09%, 6.84%, 0.60% of overall new IMIDs cases, respectively. The ASR of IMIDs showed substantial regional and global variation with the highest in High SDI region, High-income North America, and United States of America. Throughout human lifespan, the age distribution of incident cases from six IMIDs was quite different. Globally, incident cases of IMIDs increased with an AAPC of 0.68 and the ASR decreased with an AAPC of
The impact of progressive overload on the proportion and frequency of positive cardio-respiratory fitness responders
- Bell, Leo, McNicol, Ashleigh, McNeil, Elizabeth, Nguyen, Huy, Hunter, Jayden, O'Brien, Brendan
- Authors: Bell, Leo , McNicol, Ashleigh , McNeil, Elizabeth , Nguyen, Huy , Hunter, Jayden , O'Brien, Brendan
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 26, no. 10 (2023), p. 561-563
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The proportion of individuals whose cardio-respiratory fitness change after endurance training does not exceed the test's measurement error can be 40 %. We determined if progressively increasing treadmill run intensity compared to maintaining the same run intensity, improved the responder proportion to a 6-week 20-minute treadmill training regimen. The intervention response standard deviation method estimated the proportion of responders attributable to progressively increasing run intensity. The mixed-effects model demonstrated V̇O2 peak improved significantly more in the progressive versus constant run intensity group. The proportion of V̇O2 peak responses above the smallest worthwhile change attributable to progressively increasing run intensity was 63.6 %. © 2023 The Author(s)
- Authors: Bell, Leo , McNicol, Ashleigh , McNeil, Elizabeth , Nguyen, Huy , Hunter, Jayden , O'Brien, Brendan
- Date: 2023
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 26, no. 10 (2023), p. 561-563
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: The proportion of individuals whose cardio-respiratory fitness change after endurance training does not exceed the test's measurement error can be 40 %. We determined if progressively increasing treadmill run intensity compared to maintaining the same run intensity, improved the responder proportion to a 6-week 20-minute treadmill training regimen. The intervention response standard deviation method estimated the proportion of responders attributable to progressively increasing run intensity. The mixed-effects model demonstrated V̇O2 peak improved significantly more in the progressive versus constant run intensity group. The proportion of V̇O2 peak responses above the smallest worthwhile change attributable to progressively increasing run intensity was 63.6 %. © 2023 The Author(s)
Diabetes mortality and trends before 25 years of age : an analysis of the global burden of disease study 2019
- Cousin, Ewerton, Duncan, Bruce, Stein, Caroline, Ong, Kanyin, Vos, Theo, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abdoli, Amir, Abd-Rabu, Rami, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Accrombessi, Manfred, Adnani, Qorinah, Afzal, Muhammad, Agarwal, Gina, Agrawaal, Krishna, Agudelo-Botero, Marcela, Ahinkorah, Bright, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmadi, Sepideh, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed Salih, Yusra, Akande-Sholabi, Wuraola, Akram, Tayyaba, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Authors: Cousin, Ewerton , Duncan, Bruce , Stein, Caroline , Ong, Kanyin , Vos, Theo , Abbafati, Cristiana , Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen , Abdelmasseh, Michael , Abdoli, Amir , Abd-Rabu, Rami , Abolhassani, Hassan , Abu-Gharbieh, Eman , Accrombessi, Manfred , Adnani, Qorinah , Afzal, Muhammad , Agarwal, Gina , Agrawaal, Krishna , Agudelo-Botero, Marcela , Ahinkorah, Bright , Ahmad, Sajjad , Ahmad, Tauseef , Ahmadi, Keivan , Ahmadi, Sepideh , Ahmadi, Ali , Ahmed, Ali , Ahmed Salih, Yusra , Akande-Sholabi, Wuraola , Akram, Tayyaba , Al Hamad, Hanadi , Al-Aly, Ziyad , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology Vol. 10, no. 3 (2022), p. 177-192
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Diabetes, particularly type 1 diabetes, at younger ages can be a largely preventable cause of death with the correct health care and services. We aimed to evaluate diabetes mortality and trends at ages younger than 25 years globally using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Methods: We used estimates of GBD 2019 to calculate international diabetes mortality at ages younger than 25 years in 1990 and 2019. Data sources for causes of death were obtained from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, and other surveillance systems for 1990–2019. We estimated death rates for each location using the GBD Cause of Death Ensemble model. We analysed the association of age-standardised death rates per 100 000 population with the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and a measure of universal health coverage (UHC) and described the variability within SDI quintiles. We present estimates with their 95% uncertainty intervals. Findings: In 2019, 16 300 (95% uncertainty interval 14 200 to 18 900) global deaths due to diabetes (type 1 and 2 combined) occurred in people younger than 25 years and 73·7% (68·3 to 77·4) were classified as due to type 1 diabetes. The age-standardised death rate was 0·50 (0·44 to 0·58) per 100 000 population, and 15 900 (97·5%) of these deaths occurred in low to high-middle SDI countries. The rate was 0·13 (0·12 to 0·14) per 100 000 population in the high SDI quintile, 0·60 (0·51 to 0·70) per 100 000 population in the low-middle SDI quintile, and 0·71 (0·60 to 0·86) per 100 000 population in the low SDI quintile. Within SDI quintiles, we observed large variability in rates across countries, in part explained by the extent of UHC (r2=0·62). From 1990 to 2019, age-standardised death rates decreased globally by 17·0%. **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 30 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Muhammad Aziz Rahman" is provided in this record**
- Description: Background: Diabetes, particularly type 1 diabetes, at younger ages can be a largely preventable cause of death with the correct health care and services. We aimed to evaluate diabetes mortality and trends at ages younger than 25 years globally using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Methods: We used estimates of GBD 2019 to calculate international diabetes mortality at ages younger than 25 years in 1990 and 2019. Data sources for causes of death were obtained from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, and other surveillance systems for 1990–2019. We estimated death rates for each location using the GBD Cause of Death Ensemble model. We analysed the association of age-standardised death rates per 100 000 population with the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and a measure of universal health coverage (UHC) and described the variability within SDI quintiles. We present estimates with their 95% uncertainty intervals. Findings: In 2019, 16 300 (95% uncertainty interval 14 200 to 18 900) global deaths due to diabetes (type 1 and 2 combined) occurred in people younger than 25 years and 73·7% (68·3 to 77·4) were classified as due to type 1 diabetes. The age-standardised death rate was 0·50 (0·44 to 0·58) per 100 000 population, and 15 900 (97·5%) of these deaths occurred in low to high-middle SDI countries. The rate was 0·13 (0·12 to 0·14) per 100 000 population in the high SDI quintile, 0·60 (0·51 to 0·70) per 100 000 population in the low-middle SDI quintile, and 0·71 (0·60 to 0·86) per 100 000 population in the low SDI quintile. Within SDI quintiles, we observed large variability in rates across countries, in part explained by the extent of UHC (r2=0·62). From 1990 to 2019, age-standardised death rates decreased globally by 17·0% (
- Authors: Cousin, Ewerton , Duncan, Bruce , Stein, Caroline , Ong, Kanyin , Vos, Theo , Abbafati, Cristiana , Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen , Abdelmasseh, Michael , Abdoli, Amir , Abd-Rabu, Rami , Abolhassani, Hassan , Abu-Gharbieh, Eman , Accrombessi, Manfred , Adnani, Qorinah , Afzal, Muhammad , Agarwal, Gina , Agrawaal, Krishna , Agudelo-Botero, Marcela , Ahinkorah, Bright , Ahmad, Sajjad , Ahmad, Tauseef , Ahmadi, Keivan , Ahmadi, Sepideh , Ahmadi, Ali , Ahmed, Ali , Ahmed Salih, Yusra , Akande-Sholabi, Wuraola , Akram, Tayyaba , Al Hamad, Hanadi , Al-Aly, Ziyad , Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology Vol. 10, no. 3 (2022), p. 177-192
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Diabetes, particularly type 1 diabetes, at younger ages can be a largely preventable cause of death with the correct health care and services. We aimed to evaluate diabetes mortality and trends at ages younger than 25 years globally using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Methods: We used estimates of GBD 2019 to calculate international diabetes mortality at ages younger than 25 years in 1990 and 2019. Data sources for causes of death were obtained from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, and other surveillance systems for 1990–2019. We estimated death rates for each location using the GBD Cause of Death Ensemble model. We analysed the association of age-standardised death rates per 100 000 population with the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and a measure of universal health coverage (UHC) and described the variability within SDI quintiles. We present estimates with their 95% uncertainty intervals. Findings: In 2019, 16 300 (95% uncertainty interval 14 200 to 18 900) global deaths due to diabetes (type 1 and 2 combined) occurred in people younger than 25 years and 73·7% (68·3 to 77·4) were classified as due to type 1 diabetes. The age-standardised death rate was 0·50 (0·44 to 0·58) per 100 000 population, and 15 900 (97·5%) of these deaths occurred in low to high-middle SDI countries. The rate was 0·13 (0·12 to 0·14) per 100 000 population in the high SDI quintile, 0·60 (0·51 to 0·70) per 100 000 population in the low-middle SDI quintile, and 0·71 (0·60 to 0·86) per 100 000 population in the low SDI quintile. Within SDI quintiles, we observed large variability in rates across countries, in part explained by the extent of UHC (r2=0·62). From 1990 to 2019, age-standardised death rates decreased globally by 17·0%. **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 30 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Muhammad Aziz Rahman" is provided in this record**
- Description: Background: Diabetes, particularly type 1 diabetes, at younger ages can be a largely preventable cause of death with the correct health care and services. We aimed to evaluate diabetes mortality and trends at ages younger than 25 years globally using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Methods: We used estimates of GBD 2019 to calculate international diabetes mortality at ages younger than 25 years in 1990 and 2019. Data sources for causes of death were obtained from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, and other surveillance systems for 1990–2019. We estimated death rates for each location using the GBD Cause of Death Ensemble model. We analysed the association of age-standardised death rates per 100 000 population with the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and a measure of universal health coverage (UHC) and described the variability within SDI quintiles. We present estimates with their 95% uncertainty intervals. Findings: In 2019, 16 300 (95% uncertainty interval 14 200 to 18 900) global deaths due to diabetes (type 1 and 2 combined) occurred in people younger than 25 years and 73·7% (68·3 to 77·4) were classified as due to type 1 diabetes. The age-standardised death rate was 0·50 (0·44 to 0·58) per 100 000 population, and 15 900 (97·5%) of these deaths occurred in low to high-middle SDI countries. The rate was 0·13 (0·12 to 0·14) per 100 000 population in the high SDI quintile, 0·60 (0·51 to 0·70) per 100 000 population in the low-middle SDI quintile, and 0·71 (0·60 to 0·86) per 100 000 population in the low SDI quintile. Within SDI quintiles, we observed large variability in rates across countries, in part explained by the extent of UHC (r2=0·62). From 1990 to 2019, age-standardised death rates decreased globally by 17·0% (
Dysphagia and associated factors among patients with acute ischemic stroke in Vietnam
- Thu Hien, Nguyen, Thong, Tran, Tung, Le, Khoi, Vo, Thu Hoai, Dao, Tinh, Tran, Huy, Nguyen, Kien, Vu
- Authors: Thu Hien, Nguyen , Thong, Tran , Tung, Le , Khoi, Vo , Thu Hoai, Dao , Tinh, Tran , Huy, Nguyen , Kien, Vu
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Annals of Medicine and Surgery Vol. 84, no. (2022), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Dysphagia is considered an important issue in managing and treating acute stroke, but there are currently no studies investigating this issue, especially for patients with acute ischemic stroke in Vietnam. Thus, we conducted this study to determine the prevalence of dysphagia and associated factors of dysphagia in patients with acute ischemic stroke in Vietnam. Materials and methods: From June 2020 to January 2022, a cross-sectional study of patients with acute ischemic stroke was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Vietnam. The dysphagia was evaluated through a bedside screening test using the Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS). Factors associated with dysphagia were analysed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of dysphagia in patients with acute ischemic stroke was 71.6%, in which the mild, moderate and severe dysphagia accounted for 37.5%, 12.4% and 21.7%, respectively. Dysphagia significantly associated with age group 50–59 (OR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2–4.2), age group 60–69 (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.04–3.4), age group >70 (OR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2–4.2), brainstem (OR = 4.0, 95% CI: 2.1–7.4), having communication disorder (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1–7.4) and having facial paralysis (OR = 17.9, 95% CI: 12.0–26.8). Conclusion: Our study showed that the prevalence of dysphagia is high among patients with acute ischemic stroke in Vietnam. Intervention solutions should focus more on patient groups of higher age group, brainstem stroke, communication disorder and facial paralysis. © 2022 The Authors
- Authors: Thu Hien, Nguyen , Thong, Tran , Tung, Le , Khoi, Vo , Thu Hoai, Dao , Tinh, Tran , Huy, Nguyen , Kien, Vu
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Annals of Medicine and Surgery Vol. 84, no. (2022), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Dysphagia is considered an important issue in managing and treating acute stroke, but there are currently no studies investigating this issue, especially for patients with acute ischemic stroke in Vietnam. Thus, we conducted this study to determine the prevalence of dysphagia and associated factors of dysphagia in patients with acute ischemic stroke in Vietnam. Materials and methods: From June 2020 to January 2022, a cross-sectional study of patients with acute ischemic stroke was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Vietnam. The dysphagia was evaluated through a bedside screening test using the Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS). Factors associated with dysphagia were analysed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of dysphagia in patients with acute ischemic stroke was 71.6%, in which the mild, moderate and severe dysphagia accounted for 37.5%, 12.4% and 21.7%, respectively. Dysphagia significantly associated with age group 50–59 (OR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2–4.2), age group 60–69 (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.04–3.4), age group >70 (OR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2–4.2), brainstem (OR = 4.0, 95% CI: 2.1–7.4), having communication disorder (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1–7.4) and having facial paralysis (OR = 17.9, 95% CI: 12.0–26.8). Conclusion: Our study showed that the prevalence of dysphagia is high among patients with acute ischemic stroke in Vietnam. Intervention solutions should focus more on patient groups of higher age group, brainstem stroke, communication disorder and facial paralysis. © 2022 The Authors
Gambling disorder in the UK : key research priorities and the urgent need for independent research funding
- Bowden-Jones, Henrietta, Hook, Roxanne, Grant, Jon, Ioannidis, Konstantinos, Corazza, Ornella, Fineberg, Naomi, Singer, Bryan, Roberts, Amanda, Bethlehem, Richard, Dymond, Simon, Romero-Garcia, Rafa, Robbins, Trevor, Cortese, Samuele, Thomas, Shane, Sahakian, Barbara, Dowling, Nicki, Chamberlain, Samuel
- Authors: Bowden-Jones, Henrietta , Hook, Roxanne , Grant, Jon , Ioannidis, Konstantinos , Corazza, Ornella , Fineberg, Naomi , Singer, Bryan , Roberts, Amanda , Bethlehem, Richard , Dymond, Simon , Romero-Garcia, Rafa , Robbins, Trevor , Cortese, Samuele , Thomas, Shane , Sahakian, Barbara , Dowling, Nicki , Chamberlain, Samuel
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: The Lancet Psychiatry Vol. 9, no. 4 (2022), p. 321-329
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Gambling in the modern era is pervasive owing to the variety of gambling opportunities available, including those that use technology (eg, online applications on smartphones). Although many people gamble recreationally without undue negative effects, a sizeable subset of individuals develop disordered gambling, which is associated with marked functional impairment including other mental health problems, relationship problems, bankruptcy, suicidality, and criminality. The National UK Research Network for Behavioural Addictions (NUK-BA) was established to promote understanding of, research into, and treatments for behavioural addictions including gambling disorder, which is the only formally recognised behavioural addiction. In this Health Policy paper, we outline the status of research and treatment for disordered gambling in the UK (including funding issues) and key research that should be conducted to establish the magnitude of the problem, vulnerability and resilience factors, the underlying neurobiology, long-term consequences, and treatment opportunities. In particular, we emphasise the need to: (1) conduct independent longitudinal research into the prevalence of disordered gambling (including gambling disorder and at-risk gambling), and gambling harms, including in vulnerable and minoritised groups; (2) select and refine the most suitable pragmatic measurement tools; (3) identify predictors (eg, vulnerability and resilience markers) of disordered gambling in people who gamble recreationally, including in vulnerable and minoritised groups; (4) conduct randomised controlled trials on psychological interventions and pharmacotherapy for gambling disorder; (5) improve understanding of the neurobiological basis of gambling disorder, including impulsivity and compulsivity, genetics, and biomarkers; and (6) develop clinical guidelines based on the best contemporary research evidence to guide effective clinical interventions. We also highlight the need to consider what can be learnt from approaches towards mitigating gambling-related harm in other countries. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
- Authors: Bowden-Jones, Henrietta , Hook, Roxanne , Grant, Jon , Ioannidis, Konstantinos , Corazza, Ornella , Fineberg, Naomi , Singer, Bryan , Roberts, Amanda , Bethlehem, Richard , Dymond, Simon , Romero-Garcia, Rafa , Robbins, Trevor , Cortese, Samuele , Thomas, Shane , Sahakian, Barbara , Dowling, Nicki , Chamberlain, Samuel
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: The Lancet Psychiatry Vol. 9, no. 4 (2022), p. 321-329
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Gambling in the modern era is pervasive owing to the variety of gambling opportunities available, including those that use technology (eg, online applications on smartphones). Although many people gamble recreationally without undue negative effects, a sizeable subset of individuals develop disordered gambling, which is associated with marked functional impairment including other mental health problems, relationship problems, bankruptcy, suicidality, and criminality. The National UK Research Network for Behavioural Addictions (NUK-BA) was established to promote understanding of, research into, and treatments for behavioural addictions including gambling disorder, which is the only formally recognised behavioural addiction. In this Health Policy paper, we outline the status of research and treatment for disordered gambling in the UK (including funding issues) and key research that should be conducted to establish the magnitude of the problem, vulnerability and resilience factors, the underlying neurobiology, long-term consequences, and treatment opportunities. In particular, we emphasise the need to: (1) conduct independent longitudinal research into the prevalence of disordered gambling (including gambling disorder and at-risk gambling), and gambling harms, including in vulnerable and minoritised groups; (2) select and refine the most suitable pragmatic measurement tools; (3) identify predictors (eg, vulnerability and resilience markers) of disordered gambling in people who gamble recreationally, including in vulnerable and minoritised groups; (4) conduct randomised controlled trials on psychological interventions and pharmacotherapy for gambling disorder; (5) improve understanding of the neurobiological basis of gambling disorder, including impulsivity and compulsivity, genetics, and biomarkers; and (6) develop clinical guidelines based on the best contemporary research evidence to guide effective clinical interventions. We also highlight the need to consider what can be learnt from approaches towards mitigating gambling-related harm in other countries. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
Home advantage and LBW decisions : the contribution of umpiring to the home-ground (dis)advantage in cricket
- Adie, Joshua, Renshaw, Ian, Polman, Remco, Mann, David
- Authors: Adie, Joshua , Renshaw, Ian , Polman, Remco , Mann, David
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 25, no. 6 (2022), p. 520-523
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether elite cricket umpires' decisions contribute to home advantage via leg-before-wicket decisions. Design: Leg-before-wicket decisions (n = 4971) from actual elite level cricket matches in Australia between 2009 and 2016 were analysed using a binomial logistic regression to predict the umpires' leg-before-wicket decisions. Methods: Regressions were performed to determine whether the batter's team (home or away) influenced the likelihood that the umpire would give them out leg-before-wicket. Results: We found no evidence of home advantage in umpires' leg-before-wicket decisions. In fact, we found evidence that umpires in some instances disadvantage the home team. Conclusions: We suggest that the increased professionalism of sports officials, and the scrutiny they are placed under, may lead umpires to reduce or even overcompensate for any existing biases in their decision making. © 2022 Sports Medicine Australia
- Authors: Adie, Joshua , Renshaw, Ian , Polman, Remco , Mann, David
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 25, no. 6 (2022), p. 520-523
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether elite cricket umpires' decisions contribute to home advantage via leg-before-wicket decisions. Design: Leg-before-wicket decisions (n = 4971) from actual elite level cricket matches in Australia between 2009 and 2016 were analysed using a binomial logistic regression to predict the umpires' leg-before-wicket decisions. Methods: Regressions were performed to determine whether the batter's team (home or away) influenced the likelihood that the umpire would give them out leg-before-wicket. Results: We found no evidence of home advantage in umpires' leg-before-wicket decisions. In fact, we found evidence that umpires in some instances disadvantage the home team. Conclusions: We suggest that the increased professionalism of sports officials, and the scrutiny they are placed under, may lead umpires to reduce or even overcompensate for any existing biases in their decision making. © 2022 Sports Medicine Australia
Trends in, projections of, and inequalities in non-communicable disease management indicators in Vietnam 2010–2030 and progress toward universal health coverage : a Bayesian analysis at national and sub-national levels
- Nguyen, Phuong, Gilmour, Stuart, Le, Phuong, Nguyen, Hoa, Dao, Thi, Tran, Bao, Hoang, Minh, Nguyen, Huy
- Authors: Nguyen, Phuong , Gilmour, Stuart , Le, Phuong , Nguyen, Hoa , Dao, Thi , Tran, Bao , Hoang, Minh , Nguyen, Huy
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: eClinicalMedicine Vol. 51, no. (2022), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Movement towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC) can improve health services, risk factor management, and inequality in non-communicable diseases (NCD); conversely, prioritizing and monitoring NCD management can support pathways to UHC in resource-limited settings. We aimed to estimate trends in NCD management indicators in Vietnam from 2010, and projections to 2030 at national and sub-national levels; compute the probability of reaching UHC targets; and measure inequalities in NCD management indicators at demographic, geographic, and socio-economic levels. Methods: We included data of 37,595 households from four nationally representative surveys from 2010. We selected and estimated the coverage of NCD health service and risk management indicators nationally and by six sub-national groups. Using Bayesian models, we provided trends and projections and calculated the probability of reaching UHC targets of 80% coverage by 2030. We estimated multiple inequality indices including the relative index of inequality, slope index of inequality, and concentration index of inequality, and provided an assessment of improvement in inequalities over the study period. Findings: Nationally, all indicators showed a low probability of achieving 2030 targets except sufficient use of fruit and vegetables (SUFV) and non-use of tobacco (NUT). We observed declining trends in national coverage of non-harmful use of alcohol (NHUA), sufficient physical activity (SPA), non-overweight (NOW), and treatment of diabetes (TOD). Except for SPA, no indicator showed the likelihood of achieving 2030 targets at any regional level. Our model suggested a non-achievement of 2030 targets for all indicators in any wealth quintile and educational level, except for SUFV and NUT. There were diversities in tendency and magnitude of inequalities with widening gaps between genders (SPA, TOD), ethnic groups (SUFV), urban-rural areas (TOH), wealth quintiles, and educational levels (TOD, NUT, NHUA). Interpretation: Our study suggested slow progress in NCD management at the national level and among key sub-populations in Vietnam, together with existing and increasing inequalities between genders, ethnicities, geographic areas, and socioeconomic groups. We emphasised the necessity of continuously improving the healthcare system and facilities, distributing resources between geographic areas, and simultaneously integrating economic, education, and gender intervention and programs. Funding: None. © 2022 The Author(s)
- Authors: Nguyen, Phuong , Gilmour, Stuart , Le, Phuong , Nguyen, Hoa , Dao, Thi , Tran, Bao , Hoang, Minh , Nguyen, Huy
- Date: 2022
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: eClinicalMedicine Vol. 51, no. (2022), p.
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Movement towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC) can improve health services, risk factor management, and inequality in non-communicable diseases (NCD); conversely, prioritizing and monitoring NCD management can support pathways to UHC in resource-limited settings. We aimed to estimate trends in NCD management indicators in Vietnam from 2010, and projections to 2030 at national and sub-national levels; compute the probability of reaching UHC targets; and measure inequalities in NCD management indicators at demographic, geographic, and socio-economic levels. Methods: We included data of 37,595 households from four nationally representative surveys from 2010. We selected and estimated the coverage of NCD health service and risk management indicators nationally and by six sub-national groups. Using Bayesian models, we provided trends and projections and calculated the probability of reaching UHC targets of 80% coverage by 2030. We estimated multiple inequality indices including the relative index of inequality, slope index of inequality, and concentration index of inequality, and provided an assessment of improvement in inequalities over the study period. Findings: Nationally, all indicators showed a low probability of achieving 2030 targets except sufficient use of fruit and vegetables (SUFV) and non-use of tobacco (NUT). We observed declining trends in national coverage of non-harmful use of alcohol (NHUA), sufficient physical activity (SPA), non-overweight (NOW), and treatment of diabetes (TOD). Except for SPA, no indicator showed the likelihood of achieving 2030 targets at any regional level. Our model suggested a non-achievement of 2030 targets for all indicators in any wealth quintile and educational level, except for SUFV and NUT. There were diversities in tendency and magnitude of inequalities with widening gaps between genders (SPA, TOD), ethnic groups (SUFV), urban-rural areas (TOH), wealth quintiles, and educational levels (TOD, NUT, NHUA). Interpretation: Our study suggested slow progress in NCD management at the national level and among key sub-populations in Vietnam, together with existing and increasing inequalities between genders, ethnicities, geographic areas, and socioeconomic groups. We emphasised the necessity of continuously improving the healthcare system and facilities, distributing resources between geographic areas, and simultaneously integrating economic, education, and gender intervention and programs. Funding: None. © 2022 The Author(s)
- Woodward, Aidan, Wallen, Matthew, Ryan, John, Hall, Adrian, Ward, Leigh, Coombes, Jeff, Macdonald, Graeme
- Authors: Woodward, Aidan , Wallen, Matthew , Ryan, John , Hall, Adrian , Ward, Leigh , Coombes, Jeff , Macdonald, Graeme
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN Vol. 39, no. (2020), p. 61-66
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Background: Post-liver transplant metabolic syndrome (PTMS) is a significant independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. The impact of pre-transplant body composition on the risk of developing PTMS has not been evaluated and was the aim of this study. Methods: Seventy-five consecutive adult patients listed for liver transplant were included in the analysis. Anthropometric and metabolic data were collected pre-transplant and at three months post-transplant. Metabolic syndrome was defined in accordance with international guidelines. Skeletal muscle area (SMA), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) areas were derived from computed tomography. Results: Ten patients (13%) developed de novo PTMS by 3 months post-transplant. Patients who developed PTMS had higher pre-transplant body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.01), VAT (P = 0.001) and SAT (P = 0.008). Univariate logistic regression found that BMI, VAT and SAT were significant predictors for the development of PTMS. After stepwise multivariate analysis, only VAT remained a significant predictor (OR 1.02, 95%CI 1.01–1.04; P = 0.04). Conclusions: Higher pre-transplant VAT is independently associated with the development of metabolic syndrome three months post-transplant. Body composition analysis using cross-sectional imaging prior to liver transplant can assist with identifying patients at greatest risk for developing PTMS. © 2020 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism
Prospective reporting of injury in community-level cricket : a systematic review to identify research priorities
- McLeod, Geordie, O'Connor, Siobhan, Morgan, Damian, Kountouris, Alex, Finch, Caroline, Fortington, Lauren
- Authors: McLeod, Geordie , O'Connor, Siobhan , Morgan, Damian , Kountouris, Alex , Finch, Caroline , Fortington, Lauren
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 23, no. 11 (2020), p. 1028-1043
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objectives: Cricket is a popular sport enjoyed worldwide. Injuries in cricket are not well understood at community level but are important to understand for prevention to ensure the game continues to be enjoyed safely. This systematic review was designed to assess the quality of data collection and reporting, and to summarise the injury data, in studies of community cricket players. Design: Systematic review. Methods: Nine databases were searched to November 2018 using the terms “cricket*” and “injur*”. A nine-item critical appraisal and three-item likelihood-of-bias evaluation was conducted on included studies. Data completeness was evaluated against recommendations in the international cricket consensus statement for recording/reporting injury and the Australian Sports Injury Data Dictionary (ASIDD). Descriptive injury data (n,%) are presented in tabular format for different subgroups (activity, position, population). Results: Thirteen studies were included, of which eight were rated as unclear, one as high and three having a low likelihood-of-bias. The mean score for completeness of data against the consensus statement was 3.5/10 (95%C.I. 2.8–4.2). The mean score for completeness of data against the ASIDD was 4.4/6 (95%C.I. 3.9–5.0). Bruising and inflammation was the most common injury in junior cricket. Stress fractures were most common in studies of bowlers. Where studies included all activities, batting accounted for most injuries (7–49%). Conclusions: The included studies inconsistently addressed recommended items for injury surveillance in community sport and cricket. Most studies focused on junior levels or adolescent bowlers, with bruising/inflammation and stress fractures being most common, respectively. © 2020 Sports Medicine Australia
- Authors: McLeod, Geordie , O'Connor, Siobhan , Morgan, Damian , Kountouris, Alex , Finch, Caroline , Fortington, Lauren
- Date: 2020
- Type: Text , Journal article , Review
- Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 23, no. 11 (2020), p. 1028-1043
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objectives: Cricket is a popular sport enjoyed worldwide. Injuries in cricket are not well understood at community level but are important to understand for prevention to ensure the game continues to be enjoyed safely. This systematic review was designed to assess the quality of data collection and reporting, and to summarise the injury data, in studies of community cricket players. Design: Systematic review. Methods: Nine databases were searched to November 2018 using the terms “cricket*” and “injur*”. A nine-item critical appraisal and three-item likelihood-of-bias evaluation was conducted on included studies. Data completeness was evaluated against recommendations in the international cricket consensus statement for recording/reporting injury and the Australian Sports Injury Data Dictionary (ASIDD). Descriptive injury data (n,%) are presented in tabular format for different subgroups (activity, position, population). Results: Thirteen studies were included, of which eight were rated as unclear, one as high and three having a low likelihood-of-bias. The mean score for completeness of data against the consensus statement was 3.5/10 (95%C.I. 2.8–4.2). The mean score for completeness of data against the ASIDD was 4.4/6 (95%C.I. 3.9–5.0). Bruising and inflammation was the most common injury in junior cricket. Stress fractures were most common in studies of bowlers. Where studies included all activities, batting accounted for most injuries (7–49%). Conclusions: The included studies inconsistently addressed recommended items for injury surveillance in community sport and cricket. Most studies focused on junior levels or adolescent bowlers, with bruising/inflammation and stress fractures being most common, respectively. © 2020 Sports Medicine Australia
Can the workload–injury relationship be moderated by improved strength, speed and repeated-sprint qualities?
- Malone, Shane, Hughes, Brian, Doran, Dominic, Collins, Kieran, Gabbett, Tim
- Authors: Malone, Shane , Hughes, Brian , Doran, Dominic , Collins, Kieran , Gabbett, Tim
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 22, no. 1 (2019), p. 29-34
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate potential moderators (i.e. lower body strength, repeated-sprint ability [RSA] and maximal velocity) of injury risk within a team-sport cohort. Design: Observational cohort study. Methods: Forty male amateur hurling players (age: 26.2 ± 4.4 year, height: 184.2 ± 7.1 cm, mass: 82.6 ± 4.7 kg) were recruited. During a two-year period, workload (session RPE × duration), injury and physical qualities were assessed. Specific physical qualities assessed were a three-repetition maximum Trapbar deadlift, 6 × 35-m repeated-sprint (RSA) and 5-, 10- and 20-m sprint time. All derived workload and physical quality measures were modelled against injury data using regression analysis. Odds ratios (OR) were reported against a reference group. Results: Moderate weekly loads between ≥1400 AU and ≤1900 AU were protective against injury during both the pre-season (OR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.18–0.66) and in-season periods (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.37–0.82) compared to a low load reference group (≤1200 AU). When strength was considered as a moderator of injury risk, stronger athletes were better able to tolerate the given workload at a reduced risk. Stronger athletes were also better able to tolerate larger week-to-week changes (>550–1000 AU) in workload than weaker athletes (OR = 2.54–4.52). Athletes who were slower over 5-m (OR: 3.11, 95% CI: 2.33–3.87), 10-m (OR: 3.45, 95% CI: 2.11–4.13) and 20-m (OR: 3.12, 95% CI: 2.11–4.13) were at increased risk of injury compared to faster athletes. When repeated-sprint total time (RSAt) was considered as a moderator of injury risk at a given workload (≥1750 AU), athletes with better RSAt were at reduced risk compared to those with poor RSAt (OR: 5.55, 95%: 3.98–7.94). Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that well-developed lower-body strength, RSA and speed are associated with better tolerance to higher workloads and reduced risk of injury in team-sport athletes. © 2018 Sports Medicine Australia
- Authors: Malone, Shane , Hughes, Brian , Doran, Dominic , Collins, Kieran , Gabbett, Tim
- Date: 2019
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 22, no. 1 (2019), p. 29-34
- Full Text:
- Reviewed:
- Description: Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate potential moderators (i.e. lower body strength, repeated-sprint ability [RSA] and maximal velocity) of injury risk within a team-sport cohort. Design: Observational cohort study. Methods: Forty male amateur hurling players (age: 26.2 ± 4.4 year, height: 184.2 ± 7.1 cm, mass: 82.6 ± 4.7 kg) were recruited. During a two-year period, workload (session RPE × duration), injury and physical qualities were assessed. Specific physical qualities assessed were a three-repetition maximum Trapbar deadlift, 6 × 35-m repeated-sprint (RSA) and 5-, 10- and 20-m sprint time. All derived workload and physical quality measures were modelled against injury data using regression analysis. Odds ratios (OR) were reported against a reference group. Results: Moderate weekly loads between ≥1400 AU and ≤1900 AU were protective against injury during both the pre-season (OR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.18–0.66) and in-season periods (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.37–0.82) compared to a low load reference group (≤1200 AU). When strength was considered as a moderator of injury risk, stronger athletes were better able to tolerate the given workload at a reduced risk. Stronger athletes were also better able to tolerate larger week-to-week changes (>550–1000 AU) in workload than weaker athletes (OR = 2.54–4.52). Athletes who were slower over 5-m (OR: 3.11, 95% CI: 2.33–3.87), 10-m (OR: 3.45, 95% CI: 2.11–4.13) and 20-m (OR: 3.12, 95% CI: 2.11–4.13) were at increased risk of injury compared to faster athletes. When repeated-sprint total time (RSAt) was considered as a moderator of injury risk at a given workload (≥1750 AU), athletes with better RSAt were at reduced risk compared to those with poor RSAt (OR: 5.55, 95%: 3.98–7.94). Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that well-developed lower-body strength, RSA and speed are associated with better tolerance to higher workloads and reduced risk of injury in team-sport athletes. © 2018 Sports Medicine Australia
- Johnson, Liam, Butson, Michael, Polman, Remco, Raj, Isaac, Borkoles, Erika, Scott, David, Aitken, Dawn, Jones, Graeme
- Authors: Johnson, Liam , Butson, Michael , Polman, Remco , Raj, Isaac , Borkoles, Erika , Scott, David , Aitken, Dawn , Jones, Graeme
- Date: 2016
- Type: Text , Journal article
- Relation: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Vol. 19, no. 11 (2016), p. 877-882
- Full Text: false
- Reviewed:
- Description: Abstract Objectives To evaluate the associations between an objective measure of different intensities of physical activity, upper- and lower-limb muscle strength and psychomotor performance and set-shifting domains of cognitive executive function in older adults. Design A cross-sectional study. Methods From the Tasmanian Older Adult Cohort Study, 188 community-dwelling older adults (53.7% female mean age ± SD 63.98 ± 7.3 years) undertook 7-day physical activity behaviour monitoring using an accelerometer. Dynamometers were used to assess leg extension strength. The Trail Maker Tests were used to measure psychomotor processing speed and set-shifting performance. Results When controlling for age, smoking history, alcohol intake, educational achievement and neuropsychological functioning, higher levels of light physical activity, but not sedentary behaviour or moderate or vigorous physical activity, was found to be associated with better set-shifting performance. Neither physical activity behaviour or muscle strength were found to be associated with psychomotor performance. In addition, older age, greater alcohol intake, and lower levels of educational attainment, verbal learning and memory performance were significantly associated with lower scores on the set-shifting task whereas older age and reduced neuropsychological functioning were associated with lower psychomotor processing speed scores. Conclusions Light physical activity is associated with higher executive functioning in community-dwelling older adults and this strengthens the evidence supporting exercise as a neuroprotective agent. Further studies are needed to understand why light physical activity behaviour positively influences executive functioning, and how such physical activity can be implemented into the daily routine of older adults.
- «
- ‹
- 1
- ›
- »